摘要:

Volumetric three-dimensional displays are those in which images are generated within a displayvolume, rather than upon a stationary surface. Since the images are physically three-dimensional, most visual depth cues are automatically satisfied, without the need for observers to wear special glasses or headgear. Moreover, an all-round view of the images is usually possible. Many ideas for volumetric displays have been proposed over the past 60 years or so, and some of these are discussed in this article. Potential applications for such displays are widespread and include fields from scientific and medical research to engineering design and education.

DOI:10.1049/esej:19930058

出版商:IEE    

年代:1993

数据来源: IET

摘要:

In recognition of the need to enhance the competence of the UK workforce, new national vocational qualifications (NVQs), and occupational standards on which they are based, are being developed. The paper describes the role of the Engineering Occupations Standards Group and its four Industry Standing Conferences in the engineering sector and proposes the need for the participation of Engineering Institutions and Further and Higher Education in assembling NVQs and SVQsfrom the standards and in the the process of identifying the knowledge and understanding that is required to underpin them.

DOI:10.1049/esej:19930059

出版商:IEE    

年代:1993

数据来源: IET

摘要:

Modularisation of degree courses, together with credit accumulation and transfer, is proceeding in universities in the United Kingdom. The claimed benefits and disadvantages are explored in this article and the North American experience is used for comparison. The nature of other changes in the UK educational scene is noted and the possible patterns for modularisation discussed.

DOI:10.1049/esej:19930063

出版商:IEE    

年代:1993

数据来源: IET

摘要:

The history of the first National Grid for electricity supply encompasses technical, economic, commercial, political, environmental and other aspects of history. This paper, published on the sixtieth anniversary of the building of the first Grid, reviews the concept, system technology, construction, and early operation. The period covered includes the engineering concept and preparatory phase (1916–1926), the construction phase (1927–1933), and the early development and management (1933–1948), including the interwar peacetime and wartime (1939–1945). The Central Electricity Board (1927–1948), the builder and owner of the Grid and controller of the selected power stations, is considered in the context of the organisation of electricity supply.

DOI:10.1049/esej:19930064

出版商:IEE    

年代:1993

数据来源: IET

摘要:

The European Community Directive, 89/336/EEC on Electromagnetic Compatibility was published in 1989 as part of the process of removal of technical barriers to trade within the member states. As one of the ‘new approach’ directives, 89/336/EEC contains only the essential requirements of limitation of radio interference and provision of adequate immunity to electromagnetic disturbances. The technical details of measuring methods, limits of emissions and disturbance levels for immunity assessment are contained in appropriate European Standards (EN) which are being prepared and published for the purpose of declaration of compliance with the essential requirements of the directive and the corresponding national legislation.

DOI:10.1049/esej:19930065

出版商:IEE    

年代:1993

数据来源: IET

摘要:

The 900 MHz band has been used for industrial mcirowave heating for many years, for such diverse applications as thawing or tempering of large blocks frozen food, continuous baking and continuous vulcanisation of rubber. The UK TACS (Total Access Communication System) cellular radio network is also assigned to this band and the two operations have happily co-existed without serious problems. Recently, however, the large growth of microwave heating applications and the proliferation of cellular radio has led to concern over the continuance of this harmonious co-existence. This has led to a unique partnership between the cellular operators and the microwave heating equipment manufacturers in order to ensure that both services can continue without detriment to either of their respective user communities.

DOI:10.1049/esej:19930066

出版商:IEE    

年代:1993

数据来源: IET