摘要:

The goal of finding an effective vaccine against the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is hampered by our uncertainty of the mechanism(s) responsible for the pathogenesis as well as the lack of knowledge of protective mechanisms. The effects of HIV on the immune system are myriad and thus the truly significant manifestations of the pathology are difficult to dissociate from those more peripheral. In this article we will initially characterize the natural history of HIV infection which shows a chronic and perhaps inexorable course. The second part will deal with the immune response mounted against this assault and the final section is a discussion of the possible unfavorable consequences of the immune response that humans muster against this agent.

ISSN:0883-0185    

DOI:10.3109/08830189009061761

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1990

数据来源: Taylor

ISSN:0883-0185    

DOI:10.3109/08830189009061762

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1990

数据来源: Taylor

ISSN:0883-0185    

DOI:10.3109/08830189009061763

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1990

数据来源: Taylor

ISSN:0883-0185    

DOI:10.3109/08830189009061764

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1990

数据来源: Taylor

ISSN:0883-0185    

DOI:10.3109/08830189009061765

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1990

数据来源: Taylor

ISSN:0883-0185    

DOI:10.3109/08830189009061766

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1990

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Most of the successful vaccines developed to date induce protective immunity resembling that produced by natural infection. HIV infection does not induce protective immunity. Thus, previously successful approaches based on live- or killed-virus preparations may not yield an effective and safe AIDS vaccine and many feel that a more highly engineered vaccine will be required. Synthetic peptides represent extremely powerful tools for vaccine research and construct optimization. The theory and practice of vaccine engineering using synthetic peptide components is reviewed with special emphasis on progress towards development of a vaccine for AIDS.

ISSN:0883-0185    

DOI:10.3109/08830189009061767

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1990

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Idiotypes (Id) are antigenic determinants expressed on the variable (V) region of the immunoglobulin molecule. Id-bearing antibodies, or Ab-1, are produced upon stimulation with a given antigen. Ab-1 may elicit the production of anti-idiotypic antibodies (anti-Id) or Ab-2. The anti-Id also expresses Id determinants and may in turn elicit the production of anii-anti-Id or Ab-3. The production of Ab-1, Ab-2, and Ab-3 responses resulting from stimulation with the antigen is representative of components within an Id cascade. The existence of this Id cascade is the basis for the development of Id based strategies for controlling the immune response to infectious agents and tumors. In this review we will focus on several aspects regarding the Id cascades that may be operational during the immune response to the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). In light of several studies which suggest the existence of Id-anti-Id interactions operating during the course of HIV infection, we will discuss the potential applications of Id based strategies in manipulating the immune response to HIV.

ISSN:0883-0185    

DOI:10.3109/08830189009061768

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1990

数据来源: Taylor

ISSN:0883-0185    

DOI:10.3109/08830189009061760

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1990

数据来源: Taylor