摘要:

AbstractIn this paper we have applied the mathematical control theory to the accounting network flows, where the flow rates are constrained by linear inequalities. The optimal control policy is of the “generalized bang‐bang” variety which is obtained by solving at each instant in time a linear programming problem whose objective function parameters are determined by the “switching function” which is derived from the Hamiltonian function. The interpretation of the adjoint variables of the control problem and the dual evaluators of the linear programming problem demonstrates an interesting interaction of the cross section phase of the problem, which is characterized by linear programming, and the dynamic phase of the problem, which is characterized by contr

ISSN:0028-1441    

DOI:10.1002/nav.3800190302

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1972

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractIn this paper we investigate a form of rational behavior in response to an oligopoly pricing problem where only one buyer is involved. We investigate the problem from the standpoint of the seller who wants to maximize his gain from the transaction. In particular, we deal with the problem of one seller's response to an invitation to submit a sealed (i. e., noncooperative) bid to a government or other dominant purchasing agency for supplying a specified bundle of goods and services for which either (1) no other demand exists, or (2) the terms or quantities involved cannot, at least in the short run, be obtained from another source.Although treated from a normative standpoint, i. e., what bid the supplier should make, the paper also has implications for the buyer's behavior and oligopoly‐monopsony pricing in a more general sens

ISSN:0028-1441    

DOI:10.1002/nav.3800190303

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1972

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe procedures for postoptimality analysis that are so much a part of linear programming studies have no simple counterparts in an integer programming context. In the case of Balas' Additive Algorithm, however, it would appear that the capacity of the technique to facilitate certain types of postoptimality analysis has not been fully exploited. This paper proposes an extension of the additive algorithm that utilizes insights generated while solving the original problem to do subsequent analysis upon it. In particular, procedures are developed for doing limited parameter ranging and for seeking new optima in light of parameter changes.

ISSN:0028-1441    

DOI:10.1002/nav.3800190304

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1972

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractIn recent years many large government and commercial organizations have developed large‐scale management information systems. During the early phases of any system development, questions are likely to be raised concerning the criteria of completeness and accuracy of the data. How to respond to these questions is difficult, and represents the general subject of this paper. In particular, this paper describes the application of statistical techniques, namely, various kinds of multivariate data analysis, to the problem of assessing the quality of a large‐scale data collection system in the U. S. Navy. Results of using these techniques are described and indicate their usefulness as auditing procedures. While the discussion is placed in a particular context, the procedures should be of value for other large‐scale information sy

ISSN:0028-1441    

DOI:10.1002/nav.3800190305

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1972

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThis paper describes a linear programming model used to perform cost‐effectiveness analysis to determine the requirements for military strategic mobility resources. Expenditures for three classes of economic alternatives are considered: purchase of transportation resources; prepositioning of material; and augmentation of port facilities. The mix of economic alternatives that maximizes the effectiveness of the resultant transportation system is determined for a given investment level. By repeating the analysis for several levels of investment, a cost‐effectiveness tradeoff curve can be develo

ISSN:0028-1441    

DOI:10.1002/nav.3800190306

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1972

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA mixed optimization technique for optimal machine replacement is presented which allows much more flexibility than previous models. Optimal purchase, maintenance and sale of a given machine between any two given points in time is treated as a subproblem, which one may choose to solve via control theory, dynamic programming, or practical engineering considerations. (A control theory formulation is used in the paper as an illustration.) These subproblem solutions are then incorporated into a Wagner‐Whitin formulation for solution of the full problem. The technique is particularly useful for problems with such asymmetries as an existing initial machine or uneven technological change. A simple numerical example is solved in the Appendi

ISSN:0028-1441    

DOI:10.1002/nav.3800190307

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1972

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractClassical inventory models generally assume either no backlogging of demands or unlimited backlogging. This paper treats the case wherein backlogged customers are willing to wait for a random period of time for service. A broad class of such models is discussed, with a more complete analysis performed on a simple subclass. Steady state equations are derived and solved assuming exponentially distributed interarrival times of customers, order delivery lead times, and customer patience.

ISSN:0028-1441    

DOI:10.1002/nav.3800190308

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1972

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThis paper investigates the relationships among incoming quality limit (AIQL), manufacturing quality level in each stage of production, and outgoing quality limit (AOQL), for a multistage manufacturing connected‐unit situation from the systems cost‐effectiveness point of view. An objective function is developed and the formulated problem is solved using discrete optimization technique.The study is restricted to the development of single sampling plans where inspection is by attribute. Lot size and sample size are fixed for incoming and outgoing inspection for each stage of manufactur

ISSN:0028-1441    

DOI:10.1002/nav.3800190309

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1972

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractIn many resupply situations, the decisionmaker has the option of “purchasing” faster replenishment leadtimes. For example, a premium may be paid for delivery by parcel post rather than slower but less expensive delivery by railway express. It may be economically advantageous to pay shipment premiums for faster leadtimes when considering the possible cost reductions in pipeline (on‐order) inventory and safety stock levels. This paper develops a decision rule which, for any given item, will indicate whether it is economically advantageous to purchase a faster leadtime. The general methodology is then applied to a peacetime military resupply operation involving several million items, each requiring a decision as to whether the item should be shipped by air o

ISSN:0028-1441    

DOI:10.1002/nav.3800190310

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1972

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0028-1441    

DOI:10.1002/nav.3800190311

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1972

数据来源: WILEY