ISSN:0307-6970    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-3113.1991.tb00680.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.A key to the eggs of the equid stomach bot flies is presented. Scanning electron photomicrographs of eggs are used to illustrate differences among the eightGasterophilusspecies. The eggs include those ofG.haemorrhoidalis(Linnaeus, 1758),G.inermis(Brauer, 1858),G.intestinalis(De Geer, 1776),G.meridionalis(Piller and Evans, 1926),G.nasalis(Linnaeus, 1758),G.nigricornis(Loew, 1863),G.pecorum(Fabricius, 1794), andG.ternicinctusGedoelst, 1912. The eggs ofG.meridionalisandG.ternicinctusare shown for the first time. Egg profile is the same for a particular species and is used as a key character for egg identification. Colour of eggs is used in some couplets but only as a supplemental character. Absence or presence of striae on the eggs is used as a primary contrasting character to separateG.pecorumfrom the other seven species. Shape of the striae varies on eggs of the same species, even those dissected from the same specimen, and is therefore deemed an unreliable taxonomic character for further separation of theGasterophilusspecies. Eggs of the same species taken from specimens throughout the world appear the same in profile. Two sets of eggs require close inspection for adequate identification:G.inermisandG.nigricornisseparated primarily by the shape of the microphylar region; andG.intestinalisandG.ternicinctusseparated by the shape of the egg ventrum. All other eggs have very unique and distinctive profiles. OnlyG.pecorumwas found to possess the Type‐II egg attachment organ (AO) used for adherence of the egg to plants or flat surfaces. The eggs of the remaining seven species possess a Type‐I AO used to attach the eggs to hair shafts. The type of AO and the degree that the Type‐I AO is extended posteriorly were used as key characters in the first and second couplet respect

ISSN:0307-6970    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-3113.1991.tb00681.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.The sole specimen and holotype ofGasterophilus lativentris(Brauer) 1858 was examined. Disagreement within the original description concerningG.lativentriswing venation is remedied. The specimen was determined to be a colour variation ofG.pecorum(Fabricius) 1794. The nameG.lativentrisshould be regarded as a junior synonym ofG.pecorum.

ISSN:0307-6970    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-3113.1991.tb00682.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.A cladistic analysis of the Blephariceromorpha (here including the Nymphomyiidae, Deuterophlebiidae and Blephariceridae) and related Diptera provides a test of the phylogenetic hypotheses of Rohdendorf (1964, 1974), Hennig (1973), Wood&Borkent (1989) and Courtney (1990a). In particular, monophyly of the Blephariceroidea and Blephariceromorpha (sensuWood&Borkent), and their relationship to other Diptera, is tested. Evaluation of larval, pupal and adult characters supports the hypothesis of Wood&Borkent, as modified by Courtney. Four larval features suggest that the Blephariceromorpha + Psychodomorpha form a monophyletic group, although an alternate hypothesis predicting that the Blephariceromorpha is the sister group of the Psychodomorpha + (Ptychopteromorpha + Culicomorpha), is discussed. Monophyly of the Blephariceromorpha (Nymphomyioidea + Blephariceroidea) is supported by one adult and five larval characters. Monophyly of the Blephariceroidea (Deuterophlebiidae + Blephariceridae) is supported by thirteen synapotypies, including features of the larva (six), pupa (three) and adult (four). Nineteen, nineteen and nine hypothesized synapotypies support monophyly of the Nymphomyiidae, Deuterophlebiidae and Blephariceridae, respectively.

ISSN:0307-6970    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-3113.1991.tb00683.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.From a study ofP.castilloae(Cockerell), the type species ofPlatysaissetiaCockerell, it is considered that none of the other species presently placed inPlatysaissetiaare congeneric. All known species from Africa (and one from British Guiana) are redescribed and are here transferred to the genusEtienneaMatile‐Ferrero; one species is synonymized and twelve species are described as new. Lectotypes have been designated forEtiennea kellyi(Brain) andE.montrichardiae(Newstead). Although not considered to be congeneric withP.castilloae, P.tsaratananaeMamet andP.crustuliforme(Green) are left inPlatysaisseti

ISSN:0307-6970    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-3113.1991.tb00684.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.The relationships among the thirteen South American species ofAelurusare discussed, and nine new species are described. New synonymy is given forgayi(Spinola),clypeatusKlug andnigrofasciatus(Smith).

ISSN:0307-6970    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-3113.1991.tb00685.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.Orthocladius (Orthocladius)is a subgenus of one of the more speciose genera amongst the Holarctic chironomids of the subfamily Orthocladiinae. Although many names have been applied, adult males are difficult to distinguish. However, the immature stages often are known, and pupae discriminate taxa reliably.Based predominantly upon examination of exuviae,Orthocladius atriplumaKieffer andOrthocladius mitisiGoetghebuer aresyn.n. ofOrthocladius glabripennis(Goetghebuer);Orthocladius smolandicusBrundin asyn.n. ofOrthocladius holsatusGoetghebuer;Orthocladius lenziKieffer asyn.n. ofOrthocladius oblidens(Walker);Orthocladius rhyacobiusKieffer,Orthocladius rhyacophilusKieffer andOrthocladius excavatusBrundin aresyn.n. ofOrthocladius obumbratusJohannsen;Orthocladius saxicolaKieffer andOrthocladius curtisetaSæther aresyn.n. ofOrthocladius rubicundus(Meigen).Orthocladius (Orthocladius) vaillantiis described assp.n., based upon distinctive pupal exuviae. Lectotypes are designated forOrthocladius rhyacobiusKieffer,Orthocladius rhyacophilusKieffer,Orthocladius rivinusKieffer,Chironomus rubicundusMeigen andOrthocladius saxicolaKieffer.A key to the thirteen western palaearctic species is given

ISSN:0307-6970    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-3113.1991.tb00686.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.A new species,Amphizoa sinica, is described from Chang bei shan in Northern China. A revised key is provided for this and the other four species of this monogeneric and enigmatic group. Phylogcnetic and zoogeographic relationships are discussed.

ISSN:0307-6970    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-3113.1991.tb00687.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY