摘要:

AbstractA new genusAnnectobracon(type speciesA. eventussp.n. from China, Thailand, Laos and Vietnam) andA. excavatasp.n. from India and Sri Lanka belonging to the tribe Bathyaulacini are described and illustrated, and an identification key to the species is provided. A phylogenetic analysis of the tribes Bathyaulacini and Glyptomorphini is presented, and the new genus is shown to be the sister group ofIschnobraconBaltazar.

ISSN:0307-6970    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-3113.1995.tb00084.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe phylogeny of the Forficulina (Dermaptera) has been reassessed, examining forty‐eight species and thirty characters, of which thirteen characters of the thorax and wings are described or used for phylogenetic purposes for the first time, whereas the remaining seventeen have been extracted from literature. Examination of the thirty characters demonstrates that only twenty‐three characters are useful for phylogenetic construction. The characters have been analysed with PAUP 3.1 yielding two equally parsimonious trees. The results suggest an exclusion of the ‘Diplatyidae’ (themselves paraphyletic) and the Karschiellidae from the Pygidicranidae and support the separation of the Apachyidae from the Labiduridae. A sister‐group relationship of Anisolabididae and Spongiphoridae is not supported. The monophyly of the (Spongiphoridae (Forficulidae, Chelisochidae)) is

ISSN:0307-6970    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-3113.1995.tb00085.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe result of a phylogenetic analysis of the Sepsidae based on larval characters is presented. It is shown that cyclorrhaphan larvae can be as rich a source of characters as Nematocera immatures when investigated using an SEM. The cladistic analysis comprised fifty‐two species in sixteen genera of the Sepsidae and five outgroup species and used fifty‐seven morphological characters. It found seven parsimonious trees which only differed with respect to the arrangement of some species within the genusThemira.The basal dichotomies of the phylogenetic trees are particularly well supported, indicating the conservative nature of larval characters.Orygmais confirmed as the sister group of all the remaining sepsids, the Sepsinae. There is good larval evidence thatOrtalischemais the sister group of all remaining Sepsinae and that the Toxopodinae constitute an early radiation within the Sepsidae. According to larval data, some genera are paraphyletic (Themira, Palaeosepsis), but adult characters appear to contradict these findings. Among the traditionally recognized higher taxa within the Sepsidae, Hennig'sThemiraspecies‐group and Steysbal's Sepsini have to be rejected as polyphyletic. However, Hennig'sSepsisspecies‐group is confirmed as monophyletic and will probably constitute one major element of a future phylogenetic system of the Sepsidae. States of the strongly modified fore‐legs of some adult sepsid males are mapped onto the phylogenetic tree, largely confirming Šulc's ideas about the evolution of these features. The origin and evolution of male sternites with brushes and a gland on the tibiae of the males (‘osmeterium’) are discussed. Whereas adult characters point to a sister‐group relationship between the Sepsidae and the Ropalomeridae, larval characters appear to indicate a sister‐group relationship between the Coelopidae and the Sepsidae. The evidence for both hypotheses is cr

ISSN:0307-6970    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-3113.1995.tb00086.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe phylogeny for all 122 species and subspecies of chewing lice of the generaGeomydoecusandThomomydoecus(Phthiraptera: Trichodectidae) hosted by pocket gophers (Rodentia: Geomyidae) is estimated by a cladistic analysis of fifty‐eight morphological characters obtained from adults and first instars. The data set has considerable homoplasy, but still contains phylogenetic information. The phylogeny obtained is moderately resolved and, with some notable exceptions, supports the species complexes proposed by Hellenthal and Price over the the last two decades. The subgeneraG. (Thaelerius)andT. (Thomomydoecus)are both shown to be monophyletic, but the monophly of subgenusT. (Jamespattonius)could not be confirmed, perhaps due to the lack of first‐instar data for one of its component species. The nominate subgenus ofGeomydoecusmay be monophyletic, but our cladogram was insufficiently resolved to corroborate this. Mapping the pocket gopher hosts onto the phylogeny reveals a consistent pattern of louse clades being restricted to particular genera or subgenera of gophers, but the history of the host‐parasite association appears complex and will require considerable effort to re

ISSN:0307-6970    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-3113.1995.tb00087.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0307-6970    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-3113.1995.tb00088.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY