摘要:

AbstractThe problem of whether to bind, microcopy or discard back issues of journals in a university library branch system is considered and an algorithm is developed to solve the journal disposition problem. A cost‐effectiveness approach is pursued, employing an analytical model. This model uses a set of weighted factors to quantify the value of a specific journal to the library. Such factors as relevance, usage, availability elsewhere and capital investment are specified. Budget constraints, which involve the relevant costs of binding and microcopying, are considered, as are upper and lower threshold values on the worth of a journal to guarantee the retention of exceptionally good journals and the disposal of very poor ones. An example based on data from a real university special library situation is presented as an illustration of the model. Thus, this paper extends the work of others in modeling of the library collection development decision proces

ISSN:0002-8231    

DOI:10.1002/asi.4630250402

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA clustering algorithm which is tree‐like in structure, and is based on user queries, is presented. It is compared to Bonner's Method, Rocchio's Method, Dattola's Method and the Single Link Method in three different aspects, namely system effectiveness, system efficiency and the time required for clustering. Experimental results using the Cranfield 424 collection indicate that the proposed method is superior to the other method

ISSN:0002-8231    

DOI:10.1002/asi.4630250403

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe problem addressed is that of optimally choosing the source from which to order a book. Each acquisition source is characterized by frequency distributions for discount and service time. A technique called decision analysis is used to determine the tradeoff between discount and service time most consistent with the librarian's preferences.

ISSN:0002-8231    

DOI:10.1002/asi.4630250404

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThis paper defines a hash coding model for non‐unique search keys and derives the expected number of accesses needed to retrieve all desired records from a computer storage device. The assumption that the records are stored on the basis of a non‐unique key is often realized in information retrieval environments.The model assumes that the hashing algorithm and, should a collision occur, the skipping algorithm, both distribute the records randomly in memory. The results of this analysis are compared with those from a simulation in which the randomness criterion is not strictly

ISSN:0002-8231    

DOI:10.1002/asi.4630250405

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractIntellectual indexing proceeds on three levels: The selection of phrases occurring in the document text (sequential indexing), the posting of specific phrases from the text to generic descriptors (generic indexing), and the choice of descriptors which are implicit to the document text (symbolic indexing). Automation has been attempted on all three levels: by concordance and autoposting. Here an algorithm is proposed to solve the problem of sequential indexing which does not use any grammatical or semantic analysis, but follows the principle of emulating human judgement by evaluation of machine‐recognizable attributes of structured word assemblies (text). The algorithm is based on producing “text cuts” of a few words in length and ordering them alphabetically. Afterwards, every “text cut” which appears with a certain limit frequency or above is considered significant (by human standards). The algorithm has been applied to a text body of about 220,000 words from the NASA bibliographic file and an “established” dictionary of significant terms has been created by this algorithm. As any phrase not occurring in the established dictionary is not suppressed, but posted to a floating dictionary, from which it may, if usage increases above the limit frequency, be transferred to the established dictionary, the algorithm presents a tool for the creation and maintenance of a “self‐adaptive” data base

ISSN:0002-8231    

DOI:10.1002/asi.4630250406

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe United States (U.S.) geoscience literature is employed as a vehicle to study the phenomenon of obsolescence. Problems investigated include the classical and ephemeral aspects of subject literatures, diversity among narrowly defined literatures within broadly defined subject literatures, and the effect of literature growth on obsolescence. Comparisons are made: 1. among time‐frequency bibliographs based on citation counts from each of twelve major journals published in 1969; 2. between bibliographs of three major journals for the years 1969 and 1949; and 3. between uncorrected and corrected obsolescence curves.Each journal yields citation patterns comprised of both an ephemeral and a classical literature component. Within this framework apparent obsolescence varies across a broad spectrum, from physics/chemistry‐oriented geoscience subdisciplines with relatively short “half‐lives,” to those biology‐oriented with relatively long “half‐lives.” Obsolescence rates of traditional geoscience fields seem to vary little between 1949 and 1969 in contrast to those of fast‐changing fields such as solid earth geophysics.The relationship between obsolescence curves uncorrected and corrected for growth suggests the operation of factors that control research fronts. The effect of literature size on obsolescence, though minor for the recent literature, is more pronounced for the c

ISSN:0002-8231    

DOI:10.1002/asi.4630250407

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThis paper describes an experiment concerned with the investigation of presentation formats for Dialectic Information Systems (DIS). DIS are information systems which generate information for a decision maker by means of intenseconflictbetween proponents of two radically opposing positions, theories, points of view, etc. In a DIS, information is generated through the confrontation between “data” and the world‐views (Weltanschauungen) of opposing experts. The particular DIS experiment under discussion investigates the effects of explicit DIStrainingon an individual's world‐view. The perception of drama and emotion, the structure of syntehsizing contexts, and the ability to “think” dialectically are also discussed as important features of the particular

ISSN:0002-8231    

DOI:10.1002/asi.4630250408

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThroughout my years of work as an information scientist I have been plagued by a personal and professional sense of doubt with respect to the field. A central theme of every conference that I have attended related to: “What is information science?” Or “Is information science a science?” In this paper I hope to take these questions head on. I must begin by saying that Idotake information science seriously as a science. I see it as the quest for understanding of the nature of information and man's interaction with it. That we lack so much in this quest for understanding is the greatest challenge of the science.I intend to explore the tradition, or world view, bearing on the scientific study of information. The currently prevalent world view is the scientific tradition which extends from the Enlightenment to the present. I also intend to look critically at what I perceive to be the premises underlying most of our. current efforts to understand the phenomenon of information. The criticism will by necessity be speculative. I intend to stick my neck out, not because I can prove my assertions, but because I believe these ideas must be di

ISSN:0002-8231    

DOI:10.1002/asi.4630250409

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractProductivity in terms of scientific publication was described by Lotka in 1926. He discovered that in the hard sciences he could predict the number of papers an author would write providing he knew how many authors wrote only one paper during a given time period. The factor for predicting the number of papers in a field like chemistry was found to be 1/n2of the number of authors writing only one paper. That is, if 100 authors wrote one paper, only 25 would write two papers, and only 11 would write three papers, etc. If the Lotka constant holds for the hard sciences it was hypothesized (and tested) that other disciplines would have other constants, and thereby form a continuum based on productivity from the hard sciences to the non‐sciences. The literature of information science has been examined between 1966 and 1970. It was determined that a new constant, 1/n3.5fitted information science bes

ISSN:0002-8231    

DOI:10.1002/asi.4630250410

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0002-8231    

DOI:10.1002/asi.4630250411

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY