ISSN:0002-8231    

DOI:10.1002/asi.4630280602

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractDespite a breakthrough in library cataloging of files of machine‐readable social science data (directions are expected in the nextAnglo‐American Cataloging Rules), the U.S. system for delivering information about data files still needs strengthening. While descriptive cataloging of locally held files by research libraries should prove helpful, suppliers' restrictions on “rediffusion” of data reduce the value of a national union catalog. Subject cataloging is also a problem, although a new form heading for data files would improve the usefulness of theLibrary of Congress Subject Headings. The greatest improvement would be inclusion of abstracts and indexing of the files in a national bibliographic service with on‐line search capability, especially one that could provide the codebooks required by those wanting to reuse others' data. With NTIS furnishing a prototype, ERIC is here proposed as a model of what is needed. ERIC has many desirable features as a “data information system” that would not disrupt present economic arrangements for delivering the fil

ISSN:0002-8231    

DOI:10.1002/asi.4630280603

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractInformation science would do well to develop more and better theories, for without adequate theoretical support, we may do a technically brillant job of solving the wrong problems. However, the interdisciplinary nature of what information science is becoming means we must use a metatheory to guide the development of these theories. Without metatheory we cannot compare or unify the theories. A major statement in such a metatheory is to claim that there are three levels that should be used for information theorizing: casual, macroscopic, and microscopic. Use of these levels, and of the rules they imply, simplifies the evaluation of existing theories by making clear when theories are comparable in a meaningful way and, when they are not comparable, by showing what type of transformations are necessary to make them comparable.

ISSN:0002-8231    

DOI:10.1002/asi.4630280604

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThis study examined the effectiveness and efficiency of employing a fully automatic algorithm for ranking the results of Boolean searches of an inverted file design document retrieval system. The study indicated that with minor modification of file designs, such as those implemented in the Syracuse Information Retrieval Experiment (SIRE), document retrieval systems could efficiently provide users with output lists on which the rank order of a document is a good indicator of its probable relevance to the user's information need. The study found that relevant documents were ranked significantly higher than nonrelevant documents in the set of documents retrieved in response to a Boolean query. By utilizing an augmented inverted file design the variable incremental cost for ranked output was only ten cents per query. There was no increased user effort.

ISSN:0002-8231    

DOI:10.1002/asi.4630280605

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA method for clustering large files of documents using a clustering algorithm which takes O(n2) operations (single‐link) is proposed. This method is tested on a file of 11,613 documents derived from an operational system. One property of the generated cluster hierarchy (hierarchy connection percentage) is examined and it indicates that the hierarchy is similar to those from other test collections. A comparison of clustering times with other methods showsthat large files can be clustered by single‐link in a time at least comparable to various heuristic algorithms which theoretically require fewer operati

ISSN:0002-8231    

DOI:10.1002/asi.4630280606

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA fast single‐pass method for the automatic determination of the semantic relationships between terms is presented. The computing time required for the method is small enough for it to be feasible in a practical environment. The experimental results obtained indicate that the method is effective in the assessment of the relationships between terms. The improvement achieved in retrieval performance over simple keyword matching is quite significan

ISSN:0002-8231    

DOI:10.1002/asi.4630280607

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractJournal publishing is generally characterized by economies of scale. This results in the impossibility of marginal cost pricing to enable to publisher to recover costs or make a profit. If one views the publishing process as the production of multiple outputs and assigns prices to each, it is possible to increase social welfare.

ISSN:0002-8231    

DOI:10.1002/asi.4630280608

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractModern systems theory is applied in constructing a recursive, multivariate causal model for an analysis of intercounty variations of the public library output. In the model, drawing the data on population and libraries from the counties in Florida, selected sociodemographic variables of the community are considered as exogenous variables, while the resource characteristics of the library are designated as intermediate variables which link the exogenous variables to the endogenous variable, per capita circulation. The results of our analysis indicate that four independent variables (educational level, proportion of registered library users, per capita operating cost, and per capita library collection) account for about 74% of the variance in per capita library circulation. Of the four independent variables, educational level exerts the largest effect followed by per capita library collection. Findings suggest several important policy implications to those who allocate library resources to competing libraries.

ISSN:0002-8231    

DOI:10.1002/asi.4630280609

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractIn 1926, Alfred Lotka examined the frequency distribution of scientific productivity of chemists and physicists. After analyzing the number of publications of chemists listed inChemical Abstracts1907–1916 and the contributions of physicists listed in Auerbach'sGeschi‐chtstafeln der Physik, he observed that the number of persons makingncontributions is about 1/n2of those making one and the proportion of all contributors that make a single contribution is about 60%. Recently, investigators studying the applicability of “Lotka's law” to the humanities and to map librarianship may have misinterpreted Lotka's law and have concluded erroneously that the law applies to these fields. Corrected calculations indicate that Lotka's law does no

ISSN:0002-8231    

DOI:10.1002/asi.4630280610

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0002-8231    

DOI:10.1002/asi.4630280611

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY