摘要:

AbstractThe community consisting of libraries and library schools is examined for the probability of its long‐term survival in its recognizable present form. Evolution, especially the later human‐artificial stage, shows essentialfunctionstending to continue but intense competition to determine whichstructures(self‐regulatory adaptive systems) will carry on those functions. The library community is a system that appears insufficiently equipped to compete adaptively over the long term. To be competitively invulnerable would require, in addition to carrying on its present essential functions, assumption of two new ones: (1) support of basic information science, including research leadership in the field, and (2) constant self‐renewal through some drastic form of continuing education, e.g., joint commitment by school and student to lifelong cyclic return to the school, following the first degree. (An example of such a competitively invulnerable community is the medical community.) Assumption ofbothnew functions would be necessary and sufficient. More are not needed, but anything short of both would probably lead to absorption of functions and personnel of the library community by other, more competitively adaptive informational comm

ISSN:0002-8231    

DOI:10.1002/asi.4630310602

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractAn experimental computer program has been developed to classify documents according to the 80 sections and five major section groupings ofChemical Abstracts(CA). The program uses pattern recognition techniques supplemented by heuristics. During the “training” phase, words from pre‐classified documents are selected, and the probability of occurrence of each word in each section of CA is computed and stored in a reference dictionary. The “classification” phase matches each word of a document title against the dictionary and assigns a section number to the document using weights derived from the probabilities in the dictionary. Heuristic techniques are used to normalize word variants such as plurals, past tenses, and gerunds in both the training phase and the classification phase. The dictionary lookup technique is supplemented by the analysis of chemical nomenclature terms into their component word roots to influence the section to which the documents are assigned. Program performance and human consistency have been evaluated by comparing the program results against the published sections of CA and by conducting an experiment with people experienced in the assignment of documents to CA sections. The program assigned approximately 78% of the documents to the correct major section groupings of CA and 67% of the correct sections or cross‐references at a rate of 100 documents

ISSN:0002-8231    

DOI:10.1002/asi.4630310603

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0002-8231    

DOI:10.1002/asi.4630310604

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0002-8231    

DOI:10.1002/asi.4630310605

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThis paper discusses the origins of library networks and traces their development in the United States in the late 1960s through the present. The concept of resource sharing, with particular attention to the interlibrary loan and programs for the cooperative acquisition and storage of materials, is examined in relationship to library networks. In particular, attention is given to the question of how these two major components of library cooperation, which have tended to be separate, might become more closely integrated.

ISSN:0002-8231    

DOI:10.1002/asi.4630310606

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractRecent technological advances and the success of OCLC, Inc. has led to the emergence of three additional nonprofit library networks: the Research Libraries Information Network (RLIN) of the Research Libraries Group, Inc., the University of Toronto Library Automation System (UTLAS), and the Washington Library Network (WLN). This paper examines the economic and technological factors affecting the evolution of these networks and also explores the role of those state and regional (multistate) networks that broker OCLC services. The competitive and cooperative nature of network relationships is a major theme of the discussion.

ISSN:0002-8231    

DOI:10.1002/asi.4630310607

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractCurrent online library network technology is described, including the physical and functional aspects of networks. Three types of networks are distinguished: search service (e.g., SDC, Lockheed), customized service that provide bibliographic files (e.g., OCLC, Inc., RLIN), and service center (e.g., NELINET, INCOLSA). It is predicted that as technology evolves more services will be provided outside the library directly to the user through his home or office.

ISSN:0002-8231    

DOI:10.1002/asi.4630310608

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractBibliographic control before and after MARC is reviewed. The capability of keying into online systems has brought an interdependence among libraries, the service centers that mediate between them, and the large utilities that process and distribute data. From this has developed the basic network structure among libraries in the United States. The independent development of major networks has brought problems in standardization and coordination. The authors point out that while technology has led toward centralization of automated library services, new developments are now pushing toward decentralization. Coordination is a requirement to avoid fragmentation in this new environment.

ISSN:0002-8231    

DOI:10.1002/asi.4630310609

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThis progress report focuses on contemporary developments in information and documentation in Chile and provides an annotated bibliography of sources published in Spanish between 1974 and 1978. While the 1960s and 1970s saw the emergence of a national information system in Chile, the 1980s will see an improved foundation for old and new document subsystems as well as a closer coordination and faster integration of all types of information into the educational, industrial, and social mainstream of the country.

ISSN:0002-8231    

DOI:10.1002/asi.4630310610

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe advantages of using holography for information storage and other applications is presented. The advantages are higher storage capacity than semiconductor memories, bubble memories, or CCDs; utilization for character recognition; three‐dimensional projection; television discs; color reproduction; ability to combine with other technologies such as optical fibers, videodisk; reference; and file security system

ISSN:0002-8231    

DOI:10.1002/asi.4630310611

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY