ISSN:1062-8592    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2002

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

We present the characteristics of the scientific method and examine its effect on clinical facts. Because the scientific technique involves both reduction of facts (details) and generalization, it results in dangerous deformations of the clinical situation. Statistical methods used indiscriminately, as in many contemporary scientific papers, result in many false alarms and invalid therapies. Because of these limitations, the scientific method is not suitable for analysis of the true therapeutic situation, but can be used to gather biologic background facts necessary for the interpretation of observations made in the therapeutic situation. It is pointed out that clinical experience is an ability to listen and observe that goes beyond science.

ISSN:1062-8592    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2002

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Assessment of the natural history of various knee injuries and the effects of operative and nonoperative treatments requires validated outcome measures. We present and review various outcome measures for the knee, including subjective patient reporting systems, comprehensive patient and clinician instruments, and activity scales. The validated subjective scales we review here include the Lysholm score, the Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Score, the Knee Outcome Survey, the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons Sports Knee Instrument, and the Quality of Life Measure. We also review the widely used comprehensive instruments, including the Cincinnati Knee Rating System, the International Knee Documentation Committee Knee Evaluation Form, and the Hospital for Special Surgery Knee Score. We present analysis of several patellofemoral instruments and activity scales, and present and discuss studies that have compared various knee outcome measures.

ISSN:1062-8592    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2002

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Instrumented measurement of knee motion can assist the clinician in the diagnosis of an anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) or posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) disruption. It provides documentation of the amount of pathologic laxity, which can assist in determining which patients may benefit from an ACL reconstruction and provide a general prognosticator for a satisfactory result. Measurements can also indicate the success of an ACL reconstruction in returning a patient's knee to normal joint kinetics. Any surgeon interested in cruciate ligament research or publishing in scientific journals should have arthrometric data to support his or her conclusions. However, it is still important to do a thorough physical examination and correlate these findings with arthrometric data. In the hands of experienced examiners, 90% to 98% of acute ACL tears can be accurately diagnosed using arthrometers. Surprisingly, there is significant variability when comparing physical findings. Among less experienced examiners using arthrometers, intra-examiner variability remains low, but inter-examiner variability remains only fair.

ISSN:1062-8592    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2002

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Imaging modalities after surgery provide clinicians with objective criteria to evaluate outcome and detect complications. This article discusses the role of commonly used musculoskeletal imaging techniques within the context of outcome of surgical procedures frequently performed in athletes. It is important to keep in mind the value and the limitations of techniques available so that they can be used to their maximum advantage.

ISSN:1062-8592    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2002

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Emerging knowledge of cartilage metabolism and structure has stimulated efforts to develop new cartilage-monitoring techniques in health and disease. This article gives an overview of cartilage matrix structure, cartilage metabolism, and significant exogenous factors to show how such knowledge can guide the development of new means to monitor cartilage.Delayed contrast enhanced MRI of cartilage (dGEMRIC) and analysis of molecular biomarkers of joint cartilage metabolism in body fluids are two such methods that have made it possible to examine cartilage matrix structure and to study metabolic processesin vivo.

ISSN:1062-8592    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2002

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The fundamental goal of orthopedic treatment is restoration of musculoskeletal function. A new definition of musculoskeletal function includes the capacity to not only perform certain high-level activities, but also to maintain tissue homeostasis while doing so. Technetium bone scintigraphy is, at present, the best method to manifest the characteristic of tissue homeostasis in living musculoskeletal systems. A persistently positive posttreatment bone scan can identify joints at risk of early degenerative changes. The achievement of documented restoration of osseous homeostasis, provided by normal results on a bone scan, conversely is substantial objective data indicating successful orthopedic treatment. Future developments in imaging allowing sequential tracking of the homeostasis characteristics of all musculoskeletal tissues should result in improved orthopedic concepts of injury and repair, and ultimately safer and more effective therapeutic techniques.

ISSN:1062-8592    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2002

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Writing and publishing a scientific paper may seem a puzzling process, particularly to the initiate. There are, however, a number of rules that can make the process easier and ultimately more likely to meet with success. At the outset, you must be sure you have reason for writing the paper. You must have a message for your readers. This means that you have a well-constructed study and that any statistical analysis was planned along with the original study. Because you want the paper published, you understand that you have to first convince the journal reviewers and the editor of the value of your work.To help the reviewers, you will follow the usual rules of medical writing, and furthermore, you will write clearly and concisely. All numbers and statistics will be checked and double-checked by the senior author before sending the paper in. All figures will be looked at to see that they are easily understood and that they help the reader to better understand the manuscript. The reference section will contain the current work necessary for readers to be brought up to date, but not large numbers of out-of-date classics. Before writing the paper, you, as the author, will check the Information for Authors guidelines published in each journal and follow those instructions assiduously. Then, when a reply is received from the selected journal, you will understand that there are more steps to be completed before the paper is ready for the happy day of publication. Having thought of all of this in the preparation of the study and the writing of the manuscript, the likelihood is that you will meet with much success.

ISSN:1062-8592    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2002

数据来源: OVID