摘要:

AbstractCholine acetyltransferase (ChAc) was localized at the neuromuscular junctions of rabbit diaphragm with immunohistochemical staining, which produced a brown color, in combination with histochemical staining for cholinesterase, which produced a blue color, in the same section. The innervations of nerve terminals at the neuromuscular junctions were comparable when a silver impregnation was substituted for the immunohistochemical staining of ChAc.

ISSN:0148-639X    

DOI:10.1002/mus.880040203

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractSkeletal muscle undergoes profound changes in morphological, physiological, and biochemical character when subjected to prolonged periods of increased use. Although increased use may be brought about in a variety of ways, the results show consistent features. In particular, endurance exercise and chronic stimulation differ only in degree: the properties which change in response to exercise are also those which change at an early stage of stimulation; the properties which are resistant to change under exercise conditions change only after prolonged stimulation. There is therefore a hierarchy of stability in the properties of skeletal muscle which is revealed in its response to changing functional demands. The adaptive potential of muscle provedes a logical framework for understanding neural influences on the emergence of fiber types during muscle development. It is also relevant to the study of pathological conditions which may involve a sustained departure from normal postural and locomotor patterns of activity.

ISSN:0148-639X    

DOI:10.1002/mus.880040204

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThree children presented at birth with axial hypotonia and symmetrical flaccid paresis limited to the upper extremities, and involving proximal and distal muscle groups. At birth, palmar flexion creases were poorly developed, and the hand muscles were atrophic. These clinical features, the muscle biopsy findings, and the nonprogressive course, suggest a vascular insult to the cervical spinal cord during gestation. The term, congenital cervical spinal atrophy seems most descriptive of these features.

ISSN:0148-639X    

DOI:10.1002/mus.880040205

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractNormal gastrocnemius muscle of Wistar rats at various ages to 2 1/2 years was studied. No light microscopic or qualitative electron microscopic changes were seen. However, stereologic determinations revealed significant reductions in volume and surface densities of sarcoplasmic reticulum, t‐tubular system, and glycogen content. These alterations were considered to be the morphologic expression of the very early age‐related changes in gastrocnemius mus

ISSN:0148-639X    

DOI:10.1002/mus.880040206

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractNormal (line 200) and dystrophic (line 307) embryonic chicken pectoralis muscle cells were studied in cell culture over a period of 2 weeks. During the first 4 days, normal and dystrophic cultures exhibited similar developmental increases in the number of nuclei within multinucleated myotubes; however, dystrophic muscle cells degenerated approximately twice as fast as normal cells once the initial burst of myoblast fusion was complete. The apparent synthesis rate of nonmyofibrillar proteins was similar in normal and dystrophic cells throughout development, but the apparent synthesis rates of myosin heavy chain and the myofibrillar protein fraction were 50%–90% higher in dystrophic muscle cultures once maturity had been reached (days 6–14). The specific activities of creatine kinase and phosphofructokinase were not affected by the dystrophic condition; however, specific activity of AMP‐deaminase was depressed 25%–40% in the dystrophic muscle c

ISSN:0148-639X    

DOI:10.1002/mus.880040207

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractUltrastructural comparison was made between dystrophic and normal chicken breast muscle cells which had been isolated from 12‐day‐old embryos and cultured for up to 14 days. All electron microscopic examinations were conducted in the absence of any knowledge as to the dystrophic or normal origin of the cells, or the day on which the cells had been harvested from culture. The same blind procedures were applied to attempts to reconstruct from electron micrographs the correct sequence of days for a particular experiment and to identify the origin of the cells as normal or dystrophic. No consistent differences between normal and dystrophic cells were apparent either in extent of differentiation, such as the formation of mature sarcomeres, or in degenerative properties, such as disintegrating mitochondria, lipid aggregations, or extracellular debris. In light of metabolic and developmental differences in these cultures, the absence of ultrastructural differences was attributed in part to the presence of cells with widely different degrees of integrity, differentiation, and degeneration in both normal and dystrophic cultu

ISSN:0148-639X    

DOI:10.1002/mus.880040208

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractTwelve‐day normal and dystrophic chick embryo breast muscle cells were cultured for up to 14 days, using normal embryo extract in the culture medium. Fluorodeoxyuridine was added on day 3 to suppress fibroblast overgrowth. Three of 6 experiments with normal cells were severely infected with avian leucosis/sarcoma (ALS) virus particles. The findings appear to lend support to the suggestion that the ALS virus is a mitochondriophage. Infected cultures demonstrated a depressed rate of total protein synthesis as reflected by incorporation of [3H]leucine. Extractable protein and total protein content were also depressed within several days after ALS particles were identified. These findings reinforce caution in acceptance of the common assumption that viral infections are an unavoidable and metabolically benign component of muscle cell culture

ISSN:0148-639X    

DOI:10.1002/mus.880040209

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA patient with rheumatoid arthritis who developed multiple mononeuropathies multiplex was shown to have vasculitis in nerve biopsy, but no evidence of inflammatory muscle disease in muscle biopsy. Treatment with penicillamine caused the rare complication of polymyositis, documented clinically, electrophysiologically, and by light and electron microscopy in a second muscle biopsy. The evidence presented supports the concept that penicillamine may induce polymyositis or aggravate a preexisting low‐grade myositi

ISSN:0148-639X    

DOI:10.1002/mus.880040210

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe membrane deformability of erythrocytes from normal and dystrophic mice was determined using a flow channel technique whereby erythrocytes attached to the floor of a parallel plate channel were deformed by fluid shear forces. A nonlinear stress‐strain experimental behavior was observed for both populations of erythrocytes which was best described with a polynominal expression: τS= aεx+ [bεx3/(2εx+ 1)]. A comprehensive statistical analysis of the data indicated that a large percentage of the variance of the data was due to the experimental design. Furthermore, the 2 populations of cells were different in terms of the strain‐stress relationship which best fitted the data, i.e., εx= ατs+ βτs2+ γτs3. Up to a shear stress of 5.5 dyn/cm2, where 95% of the data points were found, the dystrophic erythrocytes were slightly but significantly more deformable than the norma

ISSN:0148-639X    

DOI:10.1002/mus.880040211

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractQuantitative procedures for cell dissociation, selective plating, and growth conditions were adapted to neonatal hamster muscle in order to obtain cultures with a predictable evolution and sufficient differentiated myofibers. Normal and myopathic cultures were compared with regard to cell yield, myogenic cell fusion, and muscle differentiation. This technique is proposed for comparative studies of in vitro myogenesis in normal and myopathic hamsters.

ISSN:0148-639X    

DOI:10.1002/mus.880040212

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY