摘要:

AbstractThis article reviews the different forms of ionic channels: voltage‐gated, agonist‐gated, and agonist‐ and second messenger‐modified channels. The recent advances in our knowledge of the amino acid sequence of the sodium channel and the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor and the relationship of the primary structure to the channels' quarternary structure and function are di

ISSN:0148-639X    

DOI:10.1002/mus.880090902

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractWhen strips of human skeletal muscle from biopsies of normal children and donors with Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) are explanted in organotypic coculture with fetal mouse spinal cord, many regenerating muscle fibers develop, become innervated, and maintain a remarkable degree of mature structure and function for more than 3–6 months in vitro. Sequential light microscopy in correlation with electron‐microscopic and electrophysiologic analyses showed that despite cross‐species innervation, these human muscle fibers develop stable cross‐striations, peripherally positioned myonuclei, and mature, functional motor endplates. Of special interest is the onset of significant progressive abnormalities, e.g., unusual focal myofibrillar lesions, in substantial numbers of innervated mature DMD muscle fibers after 2–4 months in culture. The focal myofibrillar lesions were not detected in normal muscle fibers maintained as long as 6 months in coculture, nor are they comparable to the generalized loss of cross‐striations observed in muscle atrophy following in vitro denervation of mature

ISSN:0148-639X    

DOI:10.1002/mus.880090903

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractSingle‐fiber electromyography (SFEMG) demonstrates abnormal jitter in virtually all (99%) patients with myasthenia gravis (MG). One muscle, the extensor digitorum communis, is abnormal in most patients with this disease, but to obtain the maximum diagnostic sensitivity, it may be necessary to examine other muscles, especially ones that are more involved clinically. There is no one muscle that will be more abnormal in every patient with MG. The muscle(s) to be tested must be selected based on the distribution of weakness in the individual patient. Abnormal jitter is also seen in diseases of nerve and muscle; these diseases must be excluded by other electrophysiologic and clinical examinations before diagnosing MG. If neuronal or myopathic disease is present, increased jitter does not indicate that MG is also present. However, if jitter is normal in a muscle with definite weakness, the weakness is not due to MG. When abnormal neuromuscular transmission has been demonstrated by repetitive nerve stimulation, the finding of abnormal jitter does not add to the diagnosis, though it may be useful in providing baseline values for comparison with the results of subsequent studies. SFEMG is most valuable clinically in the patient with suspected MG in whom other tests of neuromuscular transmission and antiacetylcholine receptor antibody titers are normal. Serial measurements of jitter can be useful in following the course of disease and in assessing the effect of treatment, but the results from these studies must always be interpreted in light of the overall clinical pictur

ISSN:0148-639X    

DOI:10.1002/mus.880090904

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractAerobic exercise is now a common form of recreational exercise among young women. In a previous study, more than a third of a group of young mothers volunteering blood samples to establish a creatine kinase (CK) reference range for Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) carrier detection regularly‐participated in aerobic exercise programs. Aerobic exercise programs include eccentric exercises. As eccentric exercise is known to produce a delayed CK peak, this study was carried out to determine the effect of aerobic exercise on serum CK activities. The postexercise serum CK activity peak was monitored in 15 young women (age range 20–23 years) following aerobic exercise classes (45 minutes on 3 consecutive days). Peak values at 24–48 hours following the last class ranged from 90 to 3473 U/liter, or 1.55 to 34.71 times resting values. It is concluded that aerobic exercise programs should be excluded in order to obtain accurate resting serum CK values for muscle disease diag

ISSN:0148-639X    

DOI:10.1002/mus.880090905

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractCommon peroneal monoeuropathies, usually located at the fibular head, are one of the many causes of foot‐drop, a condition often evaluated in the electromyography laboratory. If appropriate nerve conduction studies are performed and particular muscles studied on needle myography, a satisfactory diagnosis can almost always be provided for what may be a perplexing problem clinically. With all peroneal mononeuropathies, the compound muscle action potential amplitude of the peroneal motor tibialis anterior nerve conduction studies, stimulating distal to the fibular head, is a semiquantitative measure of the number of viable fibers supplying the tibialis anterior and allows for accurate prognostication regarding the foot‐d

ISSN:0148-639X    

DOI:10.1002/mus.880090906

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThalidomide is effective in the treatment of such disabling dermatologic diseases as aphthosis, discoid lupus erythematosus, and prurigo nodularis, in which other drugs fail. However, its use can induce neuropathy necessitating caution in its administration. It was found in this electrophysiologic study of 13 patients that the data best revealing neuropathy, even when clinical abnormalities were not apparent, were reduction of sensory nerve action potential amplitude on the sural nerve, increase of somatosensory evoked potential latency following sural nerve stimulation, and reduction of sensory action potential amplitude on stimulating the median nerve at the wrist. In two patients, electrophysiologic abnormalities had increased after withdrawal, suggesting a prolonged action of thalidomide. Timely reduction of dosage, after detection of changes indicating the onset of side effects, could reduce the risk of the sometimes rapid emergence of clinical symptoms.

ISSN:0148-639X    

DOI:10.1002/mus.880090907

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0148-639X    

DOI:10.1002/mus.880090908

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0148-639X    

DOI:10.1002/mus.880090909

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0148-639X    

DOI:10.1002/mus.880090910

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0148-639X    

DOI:10.1002/mus.880090911

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY