摘要:

AbstractAAEM CASE REPORT #26. A 25‐year‐old man with acute, bilateral facial palsies is presented. He had a lymphocytic meningitis, history of tick bites, and lived in an area endemic for Lyme disease, which was ultimately confirmed by serology. Electrodiagnostic investigation included facial motor nerve study, blink reflex and electromyography of facial muscles, which were indicative of a neurapraxic lesion on the right and an axonopathic lesion on the left. The clinical course was consistent with these findings as the right side fully recovered and the left remained plegic. The clinical features of Lyme associated facial neuritis are reviewed, as is the electrodiagnostic evaluation of facial pa

ISSN:0148-639X    

DOI:10.1002/mus.880160502

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe sensory‐nerve‐ending system of 40 myotendinous junctions of human palmaris longus and plantaris muscles was studied histologically. All the known four types of nerve endings were identified. The Ruffini corpuscles could be found in equally small numbers (one to five) in both the muscular and tendineal sites of the junction. Also the free nerve endings were distributed equally on both sites. The Pacini corpuscles were frequent in the tendineal site (six to 14), but rare in the muscular site (one to three). The Golgi tendon organs were, in turn, frequent in the muscular site (nine to 12) but rare in the tendineal site (one to four), respectively. Within the muscle and tendon parts of the junction, the distance between two mechanoreceptors was always more than 250 m̈m and the receptor distribution was homogeneous. Further studies are needed to give functional explanation for these anatomic findings. © 1993 John Wiley&Soncs

ISSN:0148-639X    

DOI:10.1002/mus.880160503

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractWe report the use of single fiber electromyography (SFEMG) to demonstrate changes in the physiologic abnormality of myasthenia gravis (MG) during pregnancy. A 23‐year‐old became pregnant 15 months after the onset of mild ocular weakness. On initial evaluation, SFEMG jitter measurements demonstrated a slight abnormality of neuromuscular transmission. There was no change in severity of clinical disease or jitter measurements until the third trimester, when she improved. Jitter measurements at that time were normal. Labor was normal and she delivered a normal male. Three days postpartum, myasthenic weakness recurred temporarily and jitter measurements showed worsening. At 16 days and 6 weeks postpartum, she had only minimal medial rectus weakness and jitter studies were normal. Three months postpartum, ocular symptoms recurred and jitter measurements were slightly abnormal. She continued to worsen, developing limb muscle and severe ocular muscle weakness at 4 months postpartum. She was treated with plasma exchange and thymectomy. Prednisone was added 2 months after thymectomy due to continued worsening and development of oropharyngeal weakness. Three years postpartum she was taking prednisone 10 mg every other day and had only slight weakness of neck flexors, and jitter studies were again normal. © 1993 John Wiley&Soncs,

ISSN:0148-639X    

DOI:10.1002/mus.880160504

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA mouse model of MG, termed experimental autoimmune myasthenia gravis (EAMG), can be obtained after immunization withTorpedoacetylcholine receptor (AChR). Although many studies have detailed the consequence of AChR antibodies binding at the neuromuscular junction and the difficulty in obtaining obvious clinical signs, less attention has been focused on the possibility of amplifying the muscular block in order to discriminate between immunized and healthy animals. In the present studies we observe that a single inoculation of α‐bungarotoxin (α‐bgt) can amplify the neuromuscular block revealed by repetitive nerve stimulation, and induce in EAMG mice a stable muscular weakness state lasting for at least 169 hours instead of 95 hours in normal mice. This model could provide an excellent tool for evaluating drugs active on neuromuscular transmission. © 1993 John Wiley&Sonc

ISSN:0148-639X    

DOI:10.1002/mus.880160505

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractReproducibility of the spike‐triggered averaging technique of motor unit estimation (MUE) was assessed in biceps‐brachialis muscle in 10 normal subjects and 15 subjects with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). MUE was calculated by dividing the compound muscle action potential by the mean amplitude of 15 surface motor unit potentials (S‐MUPs) of low recruitment threshold. Averaged MUE values in normal subjects were higher than in ALS subjects, with few values overlapping. Differences between test and retest MUE values were not significant for either subject group. The relative differences between test‐retest values were 45.3% for normal subjects and 32.6% for ALS subjects. Correlation coefficients between test and retest values were low (r= 0.07) for normal subjects when influential outlying points were removed, and higher (r= 0.65) for ALS subjects when individuals with MUE values within the normal range were removed. The higher correlation of testretest MUE values in ALS subjects compared to normal subjects may be due to a greater probability of resampling among the smaller number of motor units in ALS subjects. In summary, the reproducibility and technical aspects of the spike‐triggered averaging technique are similar to those reported for other MUE techniques. © 1993 John Wiley&

ISSN:0148-639X    

DOI:10.1002/mus.880160506

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe immunohistochemical characteristics of polymyositis in patients with HTLV‐I‐associated myelopathy (HAM) and HTLV‐I carriers were studied. Infiltrating cells were predominantly T cells and were not different from in the control group. All specimens contained positively staining muscle fibers for MHC class I antigens, but class II antigens were also expressed in some muscle fibers in 1 patient with HTLV‐I‐negative polymyositis, 3 patients with HTLV‐I‐positive polymyositis, and all 5 HAM patients with polymyositis. Expression of the neural cell adhesion molecule was lowest in the HAM patients. These findings may suggest a different immune environment in polymyositis with HAM. © 1993 John Wi

ISSN:0148-639X    

DOI:10.1002/mus.880160507

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractIn the diagnosis of low back pain, the presence of a high percentage of false positive findings on radiologic imaging studies has lead to a more definitive role for electrodiagnosis as a confirmatory test. The paraspinal muscles are a crucial part of the electrodiagnostic examination for radiculopathy. To date, no technique for paraspinal evaluation has been validated. Based on previously documented anatomical techniques, we have designed a method of paraspinal examination termed “paraspinal mapping” (PM). Electromyographic (EMG) needles are placed in five carefully chosen locations and inserted in multiple directions. Individual scores for these insertions are added to determine a total PM sensitivity score. The first 50 studies using PM were compared to peripheral EMG, imaging studies, and pain drawings. Results indicate that the technique is easy to perform. Sensitivity scores relate well with these tests. In this limited and uncontrolled population, PM had higher sensitivity for abnormalities than either peripheral EMG or imaging studies. Because of the anatomical validity of PM, future studies may show it to be useful in localizing the level of radiculopathy independently from peripheral EMG, and to support clinical findings and imaging studies. © 1993 John Wiley&Soncs,

ISSN:0148-639X    

DOI:10.1002/mus.880160508

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe activity of carnitine palmitoyl transferase, an enzyme that catalyzes the transport of long‐chain acylcarnitines into mitochondria, was quantitated in EB‐virus‐transformed lymphoblasts from 7 patients with susceptibility for malignant hyperthermia. Immunoreactive enzyme protein was also measured using an enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay. Cell lines derived from patients with carnitine palmitoyl transferase deficiency of muscle and from normal individuals were used as positive and negative controls, respectively. One patient with malignant hyperthermia had a deficiency in the enzyme activity which was comparable with that of the known carnitine palmitoyl transferase deficient patients. This individuaľs lymphoblasts were also deficient in immunoreactive enzyme protein. All of the remaining patients with malignant hyperthermia were deficient only when the backward assay for carnitine palmitoyl transferase was used for quantitation. It is likely that a subset of individuals with a malignant hyperthermia phenotype have a primary deficiency of carnitine palmitoyl transferase and that others have a milder enzyme deficiency secondary to the primary defect in malignant hyperthermia. © 1993 John Wiley&S

ISSN:0148-639X    

DOI:10.1002/mus.880160509

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractWe studied a previously healthy 25‐year‐old woman with the anterior spinal artery syndrome, a rare thoracocervical myelopathy with multiple potential etiologies. Quantitative and clinical sensory examination showed dissociated loss of pin‐prick and temperature discrimination below the level of the lesion, with normal light touch, vibratory, and position sense. Magnetic resonance imaging was consistent with cervical spinal cord infarction. Median SEPs showed normal Erb's potential with absent spinal N—13and normal scalp N—20latency. Tibial SEPs showed normal lumbosacral responses and normal scalp P—30latency. Both median and tibial nerve stimulation produced cortical responses of unusually large amplitude (median 38 m̈V, tibial 17 m̈V). We hypothesize that large SEP amplitudes in this patient resulted from loss of anterolateral inhibitory influences on the dorsal column–medial lemniscal system. © 1993 John

ISSN:0148-639X    

DOI:10.1002/mus.880160510

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractTo purify satellite cells directly from human muscle biopsies, we have developed a method based on size separation of dissociated cells by flow cytometry. Immediately after tryptic dissociation of human muscle biopsies and elimination of erythrocytes, microscopic observation and flow cytometry analysis of cell suspensions revealed two populations of cells differing in size and nucleocytoplasmic ratio. Clonal cultures of these two cell types with a manual procedure demonstrated that only the small cells were myogenic satellite cells. Flow cytometry‐sorting and analysis of the small cell population showed that (1) all sorted cells contained desmin immediately after dissociation and plating; (2) more than 98% of the cells expressed the 5.1.H11 epitope after 2 weeks of proliferation in culture; and (3) 90% of the sorted cells were able to form myotubes when cultivated at low density or in clonal cultures. Thus, human muscle satellite cells can be directly purified from human muscle samples using flow cytometry. © 1993 John Wiley&Soncs, I

ISSN:0148-639X    

DOI:10.1002/mus.880160511

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY