摘要:

AbstractA rat that had received tritiated acetate perinatally was killed at the age of 609 days, and was found to have retained substantial quantities of tritium in all organs examined. This study was focussed on the liver, which—after a succession of extractions with a series of various solvents followed by catalytic hydrolysis at body temperature—yielded a residue that was‐insoluble in a wide range of common solubilizing media. Treatment with hot mineral acid partially dissolved this residue and electrophoretic fractionation further led to 4 fractions of which a single fraction contained most of the tritium in the insoluble residue.Our analyses showed that the insoluble residue contained a variety of common amino acids and a considerable amount of phosphorus. The solubilized fractions derived from the insoluble residue all contained substantial concentrations of pentose, deoxypentose, and phosphorus. They showed ultraviolet absorption spectra qualitatively similar to those of nucleic acids. From their chromatographic behavior on crosslinked dextran columns, all 4 solubilized fractions showed molecular weights greater than 5000. In addition, these fractions showed substantially greater resistance to hydrolytic degradation than do authentic RNA and DNA. Taken together, this is interpreted as evidence that the gerogenic insoluble residue is composed of a highly crosslinked network of at least RNA, DNA and protein, which is stabilized by covalent crosslinkages of unusual stability. Formation of these crosslinked structures could easily interfere with the function of certain critical molecules of RNA, DNA or other polymers, leading to impaired cell function and

ISSN:0002-8614    

DOI:10.1111/j.1532-5415.1971.tb02577.x

年代:1971

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe greatest deficiency in health care in the United States is the inadequate supply of family‐oriented or front‐line medical care. In order to improve the attractiveness of front‐line medical practice, physicians who publicly make their major commitment to it should be assured access to appropriate facilities and to the services of an adequate volume and variety of assistants provided at public expense, as is now done for medical subspecialists. Family medicine programs should be established in medical schools to provide the greatly needed education and research in front‐line health care.In the future the methods of financing health care should include mechanisms to provide special incentives to attract professional health‐care workers to dedicate their careers to solving the most serious deficiencies that ma

ISSN:0002-8614    

DOI:10.1111/j.1532-5415.1971.tb02578.x

年代:1971

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe incidence of symptoms of bladder dysfunction and of urinary‐tract infection in a population aged 65 and over is reported. The population represented 85 per cent of all the men and women in this age group on the list of one general practice. Nocturnal frequency of micturition occurred in 64 per cent, including 29 per cent who got up two or more times at night to pass urine. Nocturia became more common and more severe with advancing age, and was more common in patients with intellectual deficits. It was considered to be a neurogenic symptom. Incontinence was present in 20 per cent. Neurogenic changes and also trauma at parturition seemed to be contributing causes. Diurnal frequency (occurring in 10 per cent) showed no age association in women, but in men it became more common with advancing age, probably due to prostatism. Precipitancy (in 30 per cent) and scalding (in 11 per cent) were not associated with ageing, sex or infection. The symptoms generally are regarded as the ‘urethral syndrome,’ and our findings suggest a nonspecific urethritis. Although a significant degree of bacteriuria was present in 20 per cent of the women from the age of 65 and men from the age of 70, it played little part in producing any of the foregoing symptoms. Bacteriuria was not related to previous pregnancies, nor to trauma at parturition. It was related in men to a history of prostate

ISSN:0002-8614    

DOI:10.1111/j.1532-5415.1971.tb02579.x

年代:1971

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA 12‐week double‐blind study was started with 60 actively psychotic geriatric patients residing in Boston State Hospital, to compare the psychopharmacological efficacy of haloperidol with that of thioridazine. The dosage was flexible—an initial low dosage followed by gradual increments until a satisfactory therapeutic response was obtained. Average maintenance dosages were about 2 mg a day for haloperidol and 100–125 mg a day for thioridazine. The rating instruments used were the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS), Stotsky Mental Status, Clinical Global Impression, NOSIE‐30 (Nurse's Observation Scale), and Activities of Daily Living. At the end of the study, 50 patients were available for analysis. Our results indicated significant decreases in many areas of psychotic psychopathology for both drug groups, without significant differences between the actions of the two drugs. For both haloperidol and thioridazine, significant (P .05) improvement occurred in the following variables on the BPRS and the NOSIE‐30: anxiety, excitement, irritability, hostility, suspiciousness, hallucinatory behavior, mannerisms, tension, unusual thoughts, blunted affect, neatness, and manifest psychosis.Side effects, with the low dosages used, were not common, and were surprisingly similar for the two drugs. Haloperidol appeared essentially equivalent to thioridazine in both efficacy and in the frequency and type of side effec

ISSN:0002-8614    

DOI:10.1111/j.1532-5415.1971.tb02580.x

年代:1971

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractOne hundred patients (age range, 60–84 years) who had been admitted to a county psychiatric ward were diagnostically evaluated by a multidisciplinary team. Based on a consensus from the diagnostic findings, 22 patients were placed in a non‐institutional setting, 24 in a local psychiatric hospital, 23 in a state psychiatric hospital, 23 in a nursing home, and 8 in a local general hospital. The diagnostic team's evaluations led to a sharp decrease in the number of patients placed in the state hospital, compared to the rate for a group of 110 patients not so evaluated, of whom 79 had been placed in the state hospital. By means of a variety of measures drawn from the multidisciplinary assessment procedures, it was possible to characterize the groups according to placement. Several combinations of physical, cognitive and social variables were found to delineate the placeme

ISSN:0002-8614    

DOI:10.1111/j.1532-5415.1971.tb02581.x

年代:1971

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThis study was concerned with the development of a brief, structured, testing procedure for evaluating the cognitive and perceptual functioning of geriatric patients. When male patients were compared with female patients, the males performed significantly better than the females. Older geriatric patients did more poorly on the test than did younger patients. For both males and females, the major decrease in cognitive functioning occurred between the decades of the 60's and the 70's. The test significantly discriminated between patients who showed relatively good social and physical functioning and those who showed relatively poor functioning when these areas were independently assessed. Analyses showed that most of the items significantly discriminated between a high‐scoring group and a low‐scoring group. Split‐half reliability of the test was +.93. The test appears to be a promising technique for assessing geriatric patients before and after various forms of th

ISSN:0002-8614    

DOI:10.1111/j.1532-5415.1971.tb02582.x

年代:1971

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractAnswers to a questionnaire by 220 respondents were classified according to occupation (social service workers, psychologists, nurses), age of the respondents, and whether or not they were working with old people. The responses showed a greater number of positive attitudes toward the aged from the professional groups who chose to work with them—44 of the 220 respondents. Within this group, the older workers manifested still more positive attitudes than did the younger workers. Among those who did not choose to work with the aged, there was no difference regarding negative stereotypes between the younger and older respondents. Nurses were the most positive in their attitudes; significantly, their work involves physical contact rather than verbal communication.Neither young nor older professional workers view the aged appropriately, although the younger ones are somewhat less negative in their attitudes. Older workers, threatened by their own advancing age, tend to overcompensate for their negative attitudes, especially in regard to intellectual functioning. In general, positive experiences create positive attitudes, and negative experiences negative attitude

ISSN:0002-8614    

DOI:10.1111/j.1532-5415.1971.tb02583.x

年代:1971

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractSome of the communicative needs of geriatric patients are discussed. Perhaps the best way to demonstrate the importance of communication among the geriatric population is to place ourselves in that eventual situation. How shall we spend our later years? How satisfying will those years be if they are marred by difficulty in communication? By conducting scientific research and by providing remedial speech, language and hearing therapy for the aged, the answers to these questions might prove to be less traumatizing. By beginning now to work with our elderly citizens, speech clinicians can add “life” to the lives of the aged, and just possibly to their own li

ISSN:0002-8614    

DOI:10.1111/j.1532-5415.1971.tb02584.x

年代:1971

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA case is presented of amebiasis associated with chronic glomerulonephritis in an elderly man. At autopsy, trophozoites (Entamoeba histolytica) were found in the kidneys, bladder, prostrate, colon and lungs. Whether the association of amebiasis and chronic glomerulonephritis was a cause‐and‐effect relationship or simply a fortuitous occurrence could not be determi

ISSN:0002-8614    

DOI:10.1111/j.1532-5415.1971.tb02585.x

年代:1971

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA case report is presented of an adult male with 3 complications (infection, chronic intestinal obstruction, hemorrhage due to ulceration) of Meckel's diverticulum. The diagnosis of Meckel's diverticulum was made preoperatively on the basis of the history, and the roentgenographic findings corroborated this diagnosis. Treatment is surgical. In this case, the severe inflammatory reaction with induration and thickening of the ileum necessitated resection of part of the ileum along with the diverticulum. Upon discharge from the hospital, the patient was free of all symptoms.

ISSN:0002-8614    

DOI:10.1111/j.1532-5415.1971.tb02586.x

年代:1971

数据来源: WILEY