摘要:

ABSTRACT:Logical bases (five of which are outlined) underlie action in nutrition and aging. First, nutrition, health, and aging form an integral triad affecting all. This basis has been applied to the conceptualization of the Nutrition Program for Older Americans (NPOA). Second, in North America, malnutrition is a sequitur of disease, whether physical, metabolic, emotional, or attitudinal. This basis is being applied by NPOA and other programs in an effort to cope with the pathologic conditions that bar proper nutrition. Third, since aging is a lifelong process, good nutrition and health practices must be applied throughout life. This basis will become effective only when the present image of the aged improves to the point that younger persons will strive for effective longevity. Fourth, changes in lifestyle to avoid risks have positive value. This basis requires professional and political leadership if it is to become widely adopted. Fifth, acute illnesses and accidents require immediate attention to nutritional and other factors if needless morbidity and mortality are to be avoided. This basis requires far more education of health professionals and lay persons to obviate such tragedies. All these bases are the infrastructure for other actions directed at improving the image of today's aged and thereby diminishing the fatalism of younger persons and augmenting their determination to adopt lifestyles compatible with long, active, happy and productive lives.

ISSN:0002-8614    

DOI:10.1111/j.1532-5415.1978.tb01958.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT:The hemodynamic evaluation of patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) usually is performed by invasive methods. A prospective echocardiographic study was conducted on 23 AMI patients to determine the feasibility of this technique in evaluating hemodynamics and in measuring the effect of drugs on left ventricular performance. The results showed that: 1) reproducible measurements of left ventricular end‐diastolic and end‐systolic dimensions can be obtained by echocardiography, and 2) echocardiography can be used in the assessment of the effect of drugs in AMI. As echocardiography is a simple noninvasive procedure, it is well suited for conducting longitudinal studies in patients outside the coronary care unit and in ambulatory AMI patie

ISSN:0002-8614    

DOI:10.1111/j.1532-5415.1978.tb01959.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT:By convention, osteoporosis has been described in two categories: 1) primary (involutional or postmenopausal), and 2) secondary, in association with a wide variety of pathologic disorders. Primary osteoporosis is the ultimate consequence of progressive bone loss, which starts in the middle of the fourth decade. Given the apt name of “adult bone loss,” it is considered to be a universal phenomenon in that it afflicts all people of all races and both sexes. However, careful analysis of past studies generates evidence that not every person of advanced age loses bone. The etiology of “adult bone loss,” and thus of primary osteoporosis, is conceded to be unknown or at least controversial. Nevertheless, the complex dependencies of bone metabolism on the functional integrity of major organ systems imply a multifactorial etiology. The age‐related progressive declines in functional reserves of major organ systems may indicate that primary osteoporosis evolves secondarily to a protracted suboptimal metabolic support of bone remodeling. Further confirmation of this hypothesis may have important implications for the prophylactic management of primary ost

ISSN:0002-8614    

DOI:10.1111/j.1532-5415.1978.tb01960.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT:The aged resemble minority groups in three ways, i.e., they suffer from prejudice, discrimination, and deprivation. On the other hand, they are not born into their age group, and they have little sense of group identity or political unity. The most descriptive term would seem to be “quasi‐minority group.” However, the aged are becoming less and less like minority groups as society seems to be moving toward an “age‐irrele

ISSN:0002-8614    

DOI:10.1111/j.1532-5415.1978.tb01961.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT:Absorption of folates, vitamin B(i, pantothenate, and riboflavin from a natural food source (yeast) and from synthetic folylmonoglutamate was studied in 24 elderly subjects (age range, 73 to 101 years) and in 12 healthy younger subjects (age range, 24 to 42 years). All subjects absorbed riboflavin, vitamin B6, and pantothenate from yeast. Ingested folylpolyglutamates (the preponderant folates in yeast) proved to be a very poor source of folates for the elderly subjects, whereas synthetic folylmonoglutamate served as a good source. In the younger subjects, yeast was a significant folate source. It is suggested that the folate deficits so common in the elderly are caused by impaired ability to obtain folate from ingested foods. The resultant folate deficit may induce changes in the epithelial structure and enzyme secretion of the small bowel, which may further exacerbate folate malabsorption.

ISSN:0002-8614    

DOI:10.1111/j.1532-5415.1978.tb01962.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT:Four patients with dysfunction of the central nervous system secondary to bromide intoxication are reported. Three of them were referred because of symptoms of “senility,” which appeared to preclude further independent living. After diagnosis and treatment of the bromism, they were able to continue living at home. The development of bromide toxicity with relatively low serum bromide levels in the elderly is discussed. The importance of a home visit to establish the diagnosis of drug‐induced cognitive dysfunction is empha

ISSN:0002-8614    

DOI:10.1111/j.1532-5415.1978.tb01963.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT:This report concerns an elderly woman with primary empty sella syndrome and bipolar affective illness. She had no endocrine, visual, or neurologic dysfunction and had received electroconvulsive therapy with no long‐term adverse effects. Remission of the affective illness has been maintained for five years with lithium carbonate therap

ISSN:0002-8614    

DOI:10.1111/j.1532-5415.1978.tb01964.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT:The cost of discarded drugs at a level‐IH nursing home was calculated for a four‐year period. A significant percentage of the cost seemed to be the result of poor prescribing practices. Prescriptions for antibiotics and for psycho‐tropic drugs (particularly PRN orders) are discussed in some detail. Medication policies were developed to improve physicians' prescribing habits in order to reduce these costs without jeopardizing the quality of

ISSN:0002-8614    

DOI:10.1111/j.1532-5415.1978.tb01965.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT:A review is presented of the status of geriatric psychotherapy with the depressed elderly community resident, over the past 20 years. Feelings of helplessness and hopelessness accompanying or following a significant loss are often chief features of the depressive syndrome in elderly persons who seek help. The experiences of those involved in treating this disorder in the elderly can be most rewarding to both therapist and patient.

ISSN:0002-8614    

DOI:10.1111/j.1532-5415.1978.tb01966.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT:The laxative effects of 50% lactulose syrup and 50% glucose syrup were compared in a 12‐week, double‐blind study of 47 elderly constipated patients living in a nursing home. The dosage was 30 ml daily taken at bedtime; it was reduced to 15 ml if the initial dosage produced two or more bowel movements daily. The number of bowel movements during treatment in comparison to pretreatment was significantly increased in the 42 patients (19 lactulose, 23 glucose) who completed at least 8 weeks of the study. Lactulose was superior to glucose in the mean number of bowel movements per day (p<0.02) and in the percentage of days in which at least one bowel movement occurred (p<0.05). Reduction in the severity of each of 5 symptoms (cramping, griping, flatulence, tenesmus, bloating) was greater with lactulose. For relief of all 5 symptoms, lactulose was significantly more effective than glucose (p<0.04). The striking reduction in the number of fecal impactions (only 6 in the lactulose patients vs 66 in the controls) was highly significant (p<0.015). The lactulose patients needed fewer enemas than did the controls. No abnormal values were observed in laboratory te

ISSN:0002-8614    

DOI:10.1111/j.1532-5415.1978.tb01967.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY