摘要:

ABSTRACTAs life expectancy has lengthened, research has been increasingly directed toward improving the quality of life in old age. Social agencies work in the field of socioeconomic factors, and medical research seeks the causes and remedies for mental deterioration. It is time to review the legal status of the mentally impaired elderly and to ensure that our lawmakers are cognizant of the changing situation. Before any characterization of mental capacity is made, a comprehensive investigation should be carried out to make sure that no potentially correctable physical disorder underlies perceived mental disabilities. In the past, the law has taken a global view of mental capacity. A person was adjudged either competent for all purposes or incompetent on a similar universal basis. A system is suggested to change this outdated approach and to assess separately the divisible components of mental capability. This would permit the courts to delineate their judgments and allow persons with partial mental incapacities to live a fuller life than if they had been declared totally incompetent.

ISSN:0002-8614    

DOI:10.1111/j.1532-5415.1977.tb00298.x

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTRecognition of a pattern of elevations in commonly measured serum enzymes [creatine phosphokinase (CPK), lactic dehydrogenase (LDH), and glutamate oxalacetate transaminase (SGOT)] can facilitate the diagnosis of hypothyroidism, especially when muscle weakness is a symptom. Elevated levels of serum cholesterol, total protein, and albumin further contribute to a chemical profile of hypothyroidism, which can be observed in a routine chemistry screening test such as that obtained with the SMA 12/60 AutoAnalyzer. An illustrative case concerns a 50‐year‐old man who presented with angina pectoris and leg weakness. Subsequently he was found to have severe hypothyroidism. Special attention is given to the serum enzyme values which initially were elevated and fell to normal levels during thyroid replacement therapy. Isoenzyme fractionation of LDH and CPK indicated skeletal muscle as the source of the elevated enzyme activity. The literature on enzyme abnormalities in hypothyroidism is reviewed, with special reference to hypothyroid myopa

ISSN:0002-8614    

DOI:10.1111/j.1532-5415.1977.tb00299.x

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTThirty‐nine patients with arterial insufficiency of the lower limbs were treated with cyclandelate or placebo in a double‐blind cross‐over study, to evaluate the effect of this drug on symptomatic and physiologic indicators of circulatory status. The following measurements were used: skin temperature of the big toe and dorsum of the foot; blood flow in the calf at rest and after exercise on a foot ergometer to the point of claudication; walking distance to the development of claudication; exercise tolerance on a foot ergometer; and reflex vasoconstriction on the skin of the toe in response to cooling of the upper extremities. During treatment with cyclandelate, significant improvement occurred in each of these measures of circulatory effic

ISSN:0002-8614    

DOI:10.1111/j.1532-5415.1977.tb00300.x

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTAortic medial calcification was investigated in rats in which the progeria‐like syndrome (PLS) was evoked by administering dihydrotachysterol. In 35 experimental rats and 15 controls, calcification was studied morphologically by light and electron microscopy, and by enzyme histochemistry. Body weight, food intake and serum calcium levels were also determined. Calcification occurred along and on the elastic lamellae in association with the accumulation of ground substance. In the smooth‐muscle cells surrounding the calcified foci, the activities of various lysosomal enzymes increased concomitantly with a tendency toward transformation of smooth‐muscle cells to a modified form. From these observations, the role of ground‐substance formation by smooth‐muscle cells is postulated, and participation in the catabolism of ground substance by the lysosomal enzymes of these cells is suggested. It appears the increased activity of adenosine monophosphatase should be linked to the calcification. The etiology of weight loss, skin manifestations and aortic calcification in PLS rats seems to be different from that in human progeric diseases. Therefore, the PLS rat should not be readily accepted as an animal model for the study of progeric

ISSN:0002-8614    

DOI:10.1111/j.1532-5415.1977.tb00301.x

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTA patient with Parkinson's disease, in whom polycythemia vera was known to be present for several years prior to the onset of parkinsonian symptoms, received treatment with a preparation consisting of L‐dopa plus a decarboxylase inhibitor (Madopar). Improvement in the parkinsonian symptoms was associated with marked improvement in the polycythemia. A therapeutic trial of the same L‐dopa preparation in 2 other patients with polycythemia had similar effects. The cases are presented and the possible central therapeutic effect of L‐dopa is disc

ISSN:0002-8614    

DOI:10.1111/j.1532-5415.1977.tb00302.x

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTIncreasing the peroxidizability of dietary fat has an adverse effect on the function of the central nervous system (CNS) in the rat. This effect may be influenced by the level of docosahexanoic acid, a highly unsaturated fatty acid, selectively concentrated in the phospholipids of brain membranes. This study was aimed at determining the influence of age, sex, and the nature of a dietary lipid supplement – linolenic acid (18:3ω3), docosahexanoic acid (22:6ω3), or the same amount of 22:6ω3 in the form of menhaden oil triglycerides — on the rate of increase in the percentage of 22:6ω3 in the whole‐brain fatty acids of rats between the ages of 1 and 12 months. The dietary lipid supplements were reflected in linear increases in the brain 22:6ω3 of female rats throughout the study. Between 6 and 12 months of age, the rate of incorporation of dietary 22:6ω3 and its precursors into the brain 22:6ω3 of male rats dropped. At 12 months it was about half that for females in the case of 22:6ω3 and menhaden oil, and about zero for 18:3ω3. It is suggested that dietary 22:6ω3 and its precursors may modify CNS function by altering membrane function and peroxidizability through changes in the concentration of 22:6ω3 in membra

ISSN:0002-8614    

DOI:10.1111/j.1532-5415.1977.tb00303.x

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTProcainamide‐induced systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a well recognized clinical syndrome believed to be characterized by normocomplementemia. However, in 7 cases of drug‐induced SLE recorded in the literature, hypocomplementemia was found. The present report concerns a well documented case of procainamide‐induced SLE with hypocomplementemia. The patient improved and complement values returned to normal after procainamide therapy was discontinued and replaced by digitalis and steroid th

ISSN:0002-8614    

DOI:10.1111/j.1532-5415.1977.tb00304.x

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTA review of the literature and a study conducted at a state hospital indicated that valid psychologic test results on geriatric patients are often difficult to obtain. Reasons most frequently offered by psychometricians for inconclusive or incomplete findings were the patient's uncooperativeness, unavailability, or severity of physical/mental dysfunction. A need was apparent for alternate assessment instruments for measuring current and potential levels of functioning in the elderly. In the investigation, attention was focused on the following areas: 1) studies in which the more traditional measurements were used, 2) articles stressing the need for caution in using the traditional techniques, and 3) studies in which behavioral rating scales and checklists were used as the evaluative devices. A large number of checklists and behavioral rating scales were found to be relevant and applicable to an institutional setting. Five were selected and are reviewed in depth.

ISSN:0002-8614    

DOI:10.1111/j.1532-5415.1977.tb00305.x

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0002-8614    

DOI:10.1111/j.1532-5415.1977.tb00306.x

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0002-8614    

DOI:10.1111/j.1532-5415.1977.tb00310.x

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY