ISSN:0002-8614    

DOI:10.1111/j.1532-5415.1973.tb00852.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1973

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT:Adult males and females in contemporary populations undergo age‐associated demineralization of the skeleton (osteoporosis). Males lose less bone mineral than females, partly because of the slower rate and later age at onset of the loss in males. This study demonstrates that age‐associated demineralization also characterizes prehistoric populations. Demineralization in a prehistoric, hunting‐and‐gathering skeletal population was studied cross‐sectionally. The bone mineral content of radii from skeletons (5‐year age groups from 20 years to 60+) was measured by means of a photon absorptiometry technique. Males not only lost less cortical and trabecular bone than did females but began demineralization at a later age. These sexual differences also apply to modern populations.The apparent universality of osteoporotic demineralization in both time and space attests to a basic genetic unity within our species. Medical science has met with only limited success in combatting the osteoporosis which so often results in collapsed vertebrae and fractured femora in the geriatric population. Bone loss with age has a strong genetic basis and therefore will not easily be arrested or even slowed by the nutritional and hormonal therapy that is emp

ISSN:0002-8614    

DOI:10.1111/j.1532-5415.1973.tb00853.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1973

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT:In 707 non‐obese female adults with unimpaired glucose tolerance, the fasting blood glucose levels of those in the fourth, fifth and sixth decades of life exceeded the levels found in those of the third decade (20–29 years), but there was no evidence of a progressive increase in successive age decades. The slightly greater fasting glycemia in the later age decades was accompanied by higher increments in blood glucose in the first half hour of the glucose tolerance test. These higher levels of glucose during the fasting state and in the first half hour after oral administration of glucose were not associated with increments in serum insulin greater than those recorded for the third age decade. This age‐related increase in fasting and post‐glucose blood sugar levels without an increase in serum insulin could result from the age‐related increase in the thickness of capillary basement membranes. The higher levels of glucose could then serve to restore glucose transport and cell glucose metabolites to normal without evoking a rise in serum insulin.In 479 obese women with unimpaired glucose tolerance, there was no evidence of the age‐related increase in fasting blood glucose nor the slightly exaggerated hyperglycemia found early in the test in non‐obese subjects with normal glucose tolerance. The relative fasting hyperinsulinemia and the increased insulin responses to induced hyperglycemia known to characterize obese persons were present in all age decades but the hyperinsulinemia was less marked in subjects older than 30. In these obese subjects with unimpaired glucose tolerance, there was no evidence of any delay in the insulin response to the induced

ISSN:0002-8614    

DOI:10.1111/j.1532-5415.1973.tb00854.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1973

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT:The cerebral blood flow in healthy elderly men is not notably different from that in 20‐year‐old control subjects. Only in the presence of a significant degree of arteriosclerosis is there a decrease in cerebral blood flow. Eventually there is a decrease in cerebral metabolic function associated with a decline in mentation. To explain much of the early mental change in many elderly persons, the environment must be assessed. In an 11‐year NIMH study of more than 600 variables, 2 factors proved to be accurate predictors of survival and mortality in the healthy elderly: (a) a new health indicator, viz, the organization of the subject's daily behavior; and (b) the presence or absence of chronic cigarette smoking. Behavior patterns of today's elderly are discussed.Pseudosenility, i.e., acute and potentially reversible mental change, is common in the elderly and may often be overlooked or misdiagnosed. Some causes are: medications, metabolic imbalance, depression, malnutrition, malignancy, hepatic disease, diminished cardiac output, cerebrovascular syndromes, febrile conditions, and chronic lung disease. Chronic, possibly reversible, mental syndromes include the depressions, dementias, deficiency states, and alcoholic encephalopathies. The treatment is out

ISSN:0002-8614    

DOI:10.1111/j.1532-5415.1973.tb00855.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1973

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT:Although pancreatic disease may occur at any age, it is more prevalent in the elderly. Pancreopathy usually can be diagnosed by properly performed enzyme and function studies. However, because of its protean manifestations, the presence of pancreatic disease is often missed even after exploratory laparotomy and histologic examination. Prompt diagnosis can be life‐saving, especially in patients with acute abdominal symptoms. This requires diagnostic skill and a basic knowledge of the physiologic and pathologic mechanisms. Chronic pancreatitis follows a precise pattern of events, depending upon many complex underlying mechanisms. Early recognition can interrupt or delay its evolution. This article concerns various etiologic concepts, modern diagnostic methods (including enzyme and function studies, radiography, angiography, pancreatography), and medical and surgical treatment, with emphasis on the use of digestive enzyme

ISSN:0002-8614    

DOI:10.1111/j.1532-5415.1973.tb00856.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1973

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT:Questionnaires were completed by 153 internists concerning their referral and treatment of out‐patients showing psychologic disturbances. Internists reported that equal numbers of their younger and older patients had psychologic disturbances; in the light of other data, this suggests that such disorders are being overlooked in some older patients. The internists also indicated that they referred equal numbers of older patients and younger patients to psychiatric facilities. Some internists treated psychologic disturbances in younger and older patients to the same degree, whereas cardiologists tended to treat more of the older group, and nephrologists tended to treat more of the younger group.The age of the physician is an important factor in his practice. Older physicians saw more older than younger patients in their practice. Older internists with certain subspecialty interests perceived psychologic disturbances more often in older patients than in younger patients. Older cardiologists personally treated psychologic disturbances more often in older patients than in younger ones. Individual interests and personalities of the internists were factors in their referral and treatment practices. Some internists referred more patients with psychologic disturbances and others personally treated most of these cases, regardless of the age of the patien

ISSN:0002-8614    

DOI:10.1111/j.1532-5415.1973.tb00857.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1973

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT:Examination of the therapeutic regimens used in treating 89 long‐term hospitalized male psychiatric patients in two groups (age 60 or older, and age 59 or younger) indicated that fewer psychotropic drugs were used in the older group (N = 45) even though both groups presented the same symptom picture, qualitatively and quantitatively, in interview and self‐report situations. This tendency to prefer a non‐drug treatment regimen in the older group did not appear to be due to the presence of a greater incidence of somatic illness, as both groups showed an equal frequency of concurrent physical illness. The data are interpreted as indicating that older patients are treated differently because they are perceived differently by the staff, most likely as a result of energy depletion and the diminished ability to act out their symptoms, associated with increasin

ISSN:0002-8614    

DOI:10.1111/j.1532-5415.1973.tb00858.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1973

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT:The information in this article regarding aural rehabilitation was obtained directly and indirectly from aged persons with impaired hearing, from their families, and from nurses and assistants in several nursing homes and extended care facilities. Although many elderly persons with auditory deficits have had successful experiences with hearing aids, many others have not. The possible reasons are discussed, as are ways of overcoming prevalent negative attitudes by study of the psychosocial aspects and the careful assessment of individual patients by qualified personnel.

ISSN:0002-8614    

DOI:10.1111/j.1532-5415.1973.tb00859.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1973

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0002-8614    

DOI:10.1111/j.1532-5415.1973.tb00861.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1973

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0002-8614    

DOI:10.1111/j.1532-5415.1973.tb00863.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1973

数据来源: WILEY