摘要:

ABSTRACT:This third autopsy study of 23 centenarians (7 men and 16 women) included the pathologic examination of bone, the detection of malignant neoplasms, and the determination of the main and contributory causes of death. (Previous studies concerned the lungs and the cardiovascular, urogenital and digestive systems.) The vertebral bone specimens showed definite osteoporosis in 14 of the 23 subjects. In some cases it was associated with kyphosis or scoliosis of the spine or a history of femoral fracture. Eight malignant neoplasms were observed in six patients. Prostatic cancers were found in three of the seven men. All the cancers were well differentiated structurally. Four latent cancers were detected at autopsy. Most of these centenarians died of bronchopneumonia or myocardial fibrosis. Death from a malignant neoplasm was uncommon, and usually the cancer was only a contributory cause. The importance of atherosclerosis prevention is stressed by the fact that atherosclerosis was the basic cause of the cardiovascular lesions that constituted a main cause of death.

ISSN:0002-8614    

DOI:10.1111/j.1532-5415.1978.tb05034.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT:In a prevalence epidemiologic study conducted in a characteristic submontane area in North Bohemia, the genealogic incidence of myocardial infarction, sudden brain vascular episodes, and malignant tumors was studied in a representative sample of persons aged 70 to 105 years. The incidence was then compared with that in two other samples: 1) men under age 40 with a history of transmural myocardial infarction, and 2) both men and women aged 40–60 who had had a stroke. The statistical evaluation was performed according to accepted international criteria (WHO). A significantly lower genealogic incidence of myocardial infarction and sudden brain vascular episodes was found in the geriatric subjects (70–105 years old) who had symptoms of so‐called physiologic aging, as compared with the incidence in the younger subjects who had symptoms of so‐called pathologic aging. The difference was less clear‐cut with respect to the genealogic incidence of maligna

ISSN:0002-8614    

DOI:10.1111/j.1532-5415.1978.tb05035.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT:Previously published observations on 4‐hour and 24‐hour amobarbital blood levels in two groups of subjects (ages 20‐40 and over‐65) were analyzed with use of an analog computer and literature data for the rate constants of absorption, distribution and metabolism. It was found that the volume of distribution did not change with age, and the increase in biologic half‐life from 22.8 hours in the young subjects to 86.62 in the elderly subjects was due to a decreased rate of metabolism. When the one‐point method is used, the size of the nightly dose of amobarbital should be reduced in elderly subjects from 200 mg to 50 mg in order to maintain the same steady‐state blood levels found in you

ISSN:0002-8614    

DOI:10.1111/j.1532-5415.1978.tb05036.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT:Laxatives are the most frequently prescribed drugs in long‐term care facilities. Of all nursing home patients, 58 percent receive laxatives—often more than one, and usually on a “prn” basis. This pattern of dosage is probably used in an effort to prevent constipation. Selection of a laxative should be based on careful evaluation of the cause of constipation, with due consideration being given to differences in drug effectiveness and the incidence of side effects. A review of laxative utilization among 73 elderly patients in a large metropolitan skilled nursing facility showed a rational use of these drugs. However, more attention should have been paid to the dietary management of const

ISSN:0002-8614    

DOI:10.1111/j.1532-5415.1978.tb05037.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT:From a study (probability sampling methods) of the response of 74 older adults residing in a high‐rise public housing complex, it was concluded that the association between leisure satisfaction and psychologic well‐being is substantial and seems relatively unaffected by self‐rated levels of health and i

ISSN:0002-8614    

DOI:10.1111/j.1532-5415.1978.tb05038.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT:The younger generation of today will become the elderly of tomorrow. The qualitative differences in life experiences of blacks versus whites lead to differences in the manifestations of emotional problems. Thus the need for a special psychiatric strategy for aged blacks in the future. The problems of blacks, regardless of age, are inextricably linked with beliefs regarding illness, health and institutionalized racism. The many psychiatric ghettoes stemming from the depopulation of mental hospitals reflect poor planning and an obvious disregard for the realities of the whole life situations of elderly blacks. There should be an end to living in squalor and being the victims of muggings, rape and all forms of exploitation. Psychiatry should step forward with some careful and significant plans.

ISSN:0002-8614    

DOI:10.1111/j.1532-5415.1978.tb05039.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT:The staffs at three extended care facilities identified a group of 10 hypochondriacal patients. The research team asked these 10 patients and 59 controls, 27 questions relating to health attitudes and behaviors. Six items were found to be fairly useful in distinguishing hypochondriacal from non‐hypochondriacal subjects. These six items were taken as the Hypochondriasis Scale for Institutional Geriatric Patients (HSIG), and each patient was scored on the basis of his responses to these six items. This test proved to be one way of distinguishing between hypochondriacal and non‐hypochondriacal groups (P<.005). However, because of the possibility of false positive results, the scale should be used only to confirm staff suspicions of hypochondriasis and should not be used as part of the clinical intake proced

ISSN:0002-8614    

DOI:10.1111/j.1532-5415.1978.tb05040.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0002-8614    

DOI:10.1111/j.1532-5415.1978.tb05041.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY