摘要:

Using the xenon‐133 inhalation method, we studied the age‐related decline in regional cerebral blood flow, calculated as the initial slope index (ISI), in neurologically normal subjects without any risk factors for cerebral arteriosclerosis (154 men and 123 women), ranging in age from 19 to 88 years. The decline in the ISI was rapid in younger age groups and gradual in older age groups. The ISI was higher in women than in men older than 40 years. Using computed tomography, we studied the age‐related decline in brain volume index (BVI; 100%Xbrain volume/cranial cavity volume) in neurologically normal subjects without any risk factors for cerebral arteriosclerosis (92 men and 49 women), ranging in age from 37 to 86 years. The decline in the BVI was gradual in younger age groups and rapid in older age groups. The BVI was higher in women than in men older than 60

ISSN:0002-8614    

DOI:10.1111/j.1532-5415.1988.tb02353.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) and matched controls fasted for 24 hours, and serial glucose, pyruvate, lactate, β‐hydroxybutyrate, acetoacetate, insulin, and glucagon levels were measured. Patients with AD showed a glucose insulin correlation pattern over the 24 hours that differed from the control group. These differences may be secondary to weight loss or to other metabolic or nutritional factors affecting the AD patien

ISSN:0002-8614    

DOI:10.1111/j.1532-5415.1988.tb02354.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The usual alcohol intake in a community‐based sample of subjects aged 70 years and over was investigated. A sample of 825 subjects was drawn from the records of five general practices in a rural township and 774 subjects (93.8%) agreed to participate. A stratified sub‐sample of subjects from the abstainers, infrequent, weekly, and daily drinkers was subsequently investigated in more detail. Men took alcohol more frequently than women and in greater quantities although frequency and amount decreased with age. The usual place for drinking was the home. The highest use of psychotropic drugs occurred in the abstainers, but this was significant for men only. When compared with drinking patterns in middle age, 60.1% of men and 30.3% of women said that they took less alcohol, while 7.4% of men and 11.1% of women said that they took more. The main reasons for decrease in alcohol intake were change in health and fewer social opportunities. The main reasons for increase in alcohol intake were more money and more time. Drinking was most commonly associated with social activities and few took alcohol to help cope with personal situati

ISSN:0002-8614    

DOI:10.1111/j.1532-5415.1988.tb02355.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

A randomized controlled trial was performed to determine whether a telephone support system could reduce the frequency of ambulatory physician encounters. A total of 182 elderly persons were enrolled in the study. The experimental group was regularly called by a public health nurse and could call the nurse every weekday during normal working hours. The control group received no intervention. A year later, the experimental group reported 7.40 ambulatory encounters with a physician (SD = 4.94) and the control group reported 8.61 encounters (SD = 6.85). The difference between the groups, after adjusting for various prognostic factors, was 1.20 (95% confidence interval, −0.84 to 3.24). Although the difference did not achieve statistical significance, the results suggest that telephone support may bring about a substantial decrease in medical care utilization. Further research assessing the cost‐advantage ratio for this type of intervention is recommen

ISSN:0002-8614    

DOI:10.1111/j.1532-5415.1988.tb02356.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Controversy exists regarding the influence of aging on thyroid hormone metabolism. Several investigators report lowering of T3 and/or a rise in reverse T3 (rT3) in elderly subjects. Others suggest that these thyroid hormone alterations were secondary to associated disorders rather than old age, and questioned the “healthy” status of the subjects studied in the earlier reports. Therefore, to assess the possible effect of aging we studied T3 resin uptake, T4, free T4, T3, and rT3 concentrations in 152 euthyroid healthy adult subjects. These subjects were selected carefully and were therefore devoid of any illness, acute or chronic, and were not treated with any medications at the time of study. No significant alterations were noted in any of the thyroid hormone concentrations in subjects divided into groups according to age. Nor was there a significant difference in these parameters between men and women of any individual age group or for all ages combined. Therefore, old age per se may not influence thyroid hormone metabolism and hence may not induce changes in serum thyroid hormone concentrations. The changes in thyroid hormones noted previously in elderly subjects may be a reflection of concurrent disorders and not old

ISSN:0002-8614    

DOI:10.1111/j.1532-5415.1988.tb02357.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Glucose intolerance has been observed often in elderly subjects, but it is not yet clear whether this impaired metabolic state is due to the aging process itself or is secondary to the appearance of other age‐related variables. This study attempts to elucidate the effect of age in itself on factors controlling glucose tolerance. Several metabolic parameters were measured in 10 young male controls (23–29 yr) and 17 nonhospitalized, healthy, nonobese, old (60–80 yr) male subjects. Insulin binding to circulating cells was performed along with the intravenous glucose tolerance test, and the data were analyzed by the minimal model method. This approach yields the following measures: tissue insulin sensitivity (SI), fractional glucose disappearance at basal insulin (glucose effectiveness, SG), and first (φ1) and second (φ2) phase β‐cell responsiveness to glucose. Insulin‐binding capacity to monocytes and erythrocytes was respectively 6.03% ± 0.57% and 5.96% ± 0.53% (elderly), 5.97% ± 0.39% and 5.36% ± 0.57% (young); SI, was 6.20 ± 0.59 × 104min−1/ (μU/mL) (elderly) and 6.35 ± 0.30 (young); SGwas 0.016 ± 0.002 min−1(elderly) and 0.019 ± 0.003 (young); φ1was 1.84 ± 0.29 min‐1(μU/mL)/(mg/dL) (elderly) and 3.37 ± 0.84 (young); φ2was 13.80 ± 1.78 × 104min−2(μU/mL)/(mg/dL) (elderly) and 9.59 ± 2.65 (young). These results show no change with aging of tissue insulin sensitivity and an intact β‐cell activity, suggesting that age per se does not contribute to the deterioration of glucose tolerance when the insurgence of other age‐relaled variables, eg, o

ISSN:0002-8614    

DOI:10.1111/j.1532-5415.1988.tb02358.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0002-8614    

DOI:10.1111/j.1532-5415.1988.tb02359.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0002-8614    

DOI:10.1111/j.1532-5415.1988.tb02360.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

A dipstick method for bacteriologic screening of urine using a combination of leukocyte esterase and nitrite indicators, Chemstrip LN®, was evaluated in a male inpatient geriatric population. Three hundred seventy‐five urine samples from 198 symptomatic patients (age range, 45 to 98 years; mean, 69.6) were tested by LN and cultured using standard methods. LN showed 169 negatives, but in 7 of these cases, the culture was positive (≥5 × 104col/mL). Organisms recovered from these cultures wereCandida(notalbicans), Group BStreptococcus, Staphylococcus aureus, and in four cases, Pseudomonas aeruginosa. In the four cases of missedPseudomonasthe patients were receiving aminoglycoside therapy for 2 to 6 days and/or drugs that dye the urine. Despite the fact that many patients were on medications known to interfere with the test strips, the negative predictive value was still 96.0% showing that the strips may be suitable for use with this population given the understanding that certain antibiotics and/or substances that dye the urine may give false negative re

ISSN:0002-8614    

DOI:10.1111/j.1532-5415.1988.tb02361.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0002-8614    

DOI:10.1111/j.1532-5415.1988.tb02362.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY