摘要:

AbstractOne hundred and eight patients with advanced carcinoma of the breast were treated by trans‐sphenoidal hypophysectomy and followed up for at least 1 year. The results were assessed both by clinical response and objectively by survival following hypophysectomy, as expressed by the survival ratio. The two methods showed close correlation.The results show that there is a variation in response relating to menopausal status and age at diagnosis, subsequent hormonal manipulation and physical condition at hypophysectomy. Younger patients whose carcinoma is diagnosed after menopause carry a good prognosis, yet the older premenopausal patients, especially if their clinical condition is poor, do not benefit. Easily available clinical information can be a guide to prognosi

ISSN:0007-1323    

DOI:10.1002/bjs.1800620202

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1975

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThree cases are reported of raised intracranial pressure associated with spinal tumours. The theories which have been advanced to explain this complication are discussed and it is suggested that in many of the reported cases the underlying mechanism may have been intracranial spread of the tumour and not a blockage of the cerebrospinal fluid pathways with proteinaceous deposits, as has been widely maintained. Autopsy revealed the former process to have operated in 2 of the 3 cases and it may have done so in the third. Two cases had unusual features in common: they were malignant schwannomas (a very rare spinal tumour) and they had both developed within the field of irradiation given for benign conditions many years previously.

ISSN:0007-1323    

DOI:10.1002/bjs.1800620203

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1975

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractArteriographic exposition of the parathyroids in 52 patients consecutively referred for primary hyper‐parathyroidism is reported. Thirty‐nine patients underwent neck exploration. In 29 patients pathologic parathyroids were found. The arteriographic evaluation was based on observation of the course of the inferior thyroid artery and the presence of parenchymal opacification. Comparison of arteriography and surgical findings revealed that selective angiography of the inferior thyroid artery had a high sensitivity and specificity in the detection of pathologic parathyroids far exceeding that of a non‐selective tech

ISSN:0007-1323    

DOI:10.1002/bjs.1800620204

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1975

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA total of 56 patients with 65 fistulas was treated using one or a combination of three modern nutritional aids. Fifty‐two of the fistulas (80 per cent) closed spontaneously and only 7 fistulas (10.8 per cent) required attempts at operative closure. The overall mortality was 7 patients (12.5 per cent), which compared favourably with a 40 per cent mortality in an earlier comparable group which had not received such nutritio

ISSN:0007-1323    

DOI:10.1002/bjs.1800620205

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1975

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractHolter valves have been used in 9 cases to drain ascites, and in 1 case a pleural effusion, into the superior vena cava. All these effusions were due to malignant disease. Three patients died before the results of the operation could be assessed and in 1 case ascites rapidly recurred. Five patients were relieved until death from their primary disease. One patient died 3 1/4 years after insertion of the valve, but ascites had returned—probably as a result of recurrent blockage of the valve by particulate matte

ISSN:0007-1323    

DOI:10.1002/bjs.1800620206

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1975

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe conventional surgical treatment of bleeding oesophageal varices in the emergency situation is based upon the Boerema‐Crile operation of transthoracic oesophagotomy and ligation of the varices. This and the other methods of treatment of this condition in current practice are discussed.Two cases are reported in which a transabdominal oesophagogastrotomy was used to approach the site of bleeding. This operation is described and the theoretical and practical advantages it appears to offer over the standard approach are considere

ISSN:0007-1323    

DOI:10.1002/bjs.1800620207

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1975

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractGastric mucosal ulceration was produced in rats following intraperitoneal injection of indomethacin (40 mg/kg). The incidence of ulcerations was progressively reduced as the bile flow was diverted progressively distal to the ampulla of Vater. It is suggested that bile reflux into the stomach may play a part in the pathogenesis of indomethacin‐induced gastric ulceration in rat

ISSN:0007-1323    

DOI:10.1002/bjs.1800620208

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1975

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractPlasma calcitonin, glucagon and parathyroid hormone were measured in patients with acute pancreatitis.Plasma calcitonin was not detectable in 6 specimens obtained from the hypocalcaemic patients.Plama glucagon values were similar in patients with acute pancreatitis and control subjects and were unrelated to hypocalcaemia, which was not even induced by glucagon infusion.High or rising parathyroid hormone levels were noted in association with hypo‐ and normocalcaemia, suggesting that parathyroid hormone rises and maintains plasma calcium within normal limits. Plasma parathyroid hormone was, however, undetectable in 8 patients with prolonged hypocalcaemia. Deficiency of parathyroid hormone due to its destruction by proteolytic enzymes or because of parathyroid gland exhaustion is suggested as the major factor inducing persistent hypocalcaemia in acute pancreatitis. Administration of parathyroid hormone should, therefore, be considered in patients with acute pancreatitis when hypocalcaemia does not respond to intravenous calcium therap

ISSN:0007-1323    

DOI:10.1002/bjs.1800620209

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1975

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractForty‐seven selected patients presenting with acute abdominal symptoms were investigated by examination of the fluid obtained by peritoneal lavage. In 34 patients this confirmed the clinical diagnosis, in 11 it was a more positive help in that it corrected an erroneous clinical diagnosis and in 2 the results of the investigation were misleadin

ISSN:0007-1323    

DOI:10.1002/bjs.1800620210

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1975

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA technique for abdominal lavage is described and was used to evaluate the abdomen of 671 multiple trauma victims. In 44 per cent (299 cases) there was a bloodstained return and these were regarded as positive. Patients with a positive result underwent exploratory laparotomy which revealed that 89 per cent had significant intra‐abdominal trauma requiring a surgical procedure, 8 per cent had trauma which did not require any active surgical correction and 3 per cent had no abnormal findings. Of all the lavages performed, there were 0.11 per cent false positive and 0.03 per cent false negative results. The value of the test in the context of multiple trauma is emphasize

ISSN:0007-1323    

DOI:10.1002/bjs.1800620211

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1975

数据来源: WILEY