摘要:

AbstractFragments of human tumours and tissues have been maintained in mice made deficient in cell–mediated immunity by thymectomy, lethal irradiation and reconstitution with syngeneicA graft between individuals of identical genetic constitution, e.g. identical twins and mice of the same pure line strain.bone marrow. Tissue fragments from 84 patients were implanted and 68 per cent were viable 2 weeks after transplantation beneath the kidney capsule. Many specimens survived for 12 weeks or more and some were passaged to secondary hosts. When tissues were implanted subcutaneously survival was slightly less.The histological appearances of maintained tumours were excellent and in some cases functional studies were undertaken. The implications of the method as a means for studying the sensitivity of human tumours to therapeutic agents are discusse

ISSN:0007-1323    

DOI:10.1002/bjs.1800610602

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractLyophilized allograft and xenograft appear to be equally effective for the temporary cover of raw areas1.Lyophilized allograft has the disadvantage of occasionally separating into two layers when removed. One layer can easily be missed and inhibit the take of a subsequent autograft.Lyophilized xenograft is easier to handle and more easily available. In spite of the many advantages shown to be associated with this method of treatment, it is still virtually unused in Great Britain and in many other parts of the world.

ISSN:0007-1323    

DOI:10.1002/bjs.1800610603

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractClinical studies have shown that bloody or traumatic colonic operations are associated with a high incidence of anastomotic dehiscence, and it has been suggested that trauma has important systemic effects on colonic healing. However, intra‐abdominal trauma may have important local effects on colon healing, and the patho‐genesis of anastomotic disruption in traumatized subjects remains uncertain.The effects of local and remote trauma were studied in colonic anastomoses in rats. Local trauma consisted of a retroperitoneal dissection and biopsy of the psoas muscle, and some animals were given peritoneal drains. Remote trauma consisted of a comminuted fracture of the femur.Remote trauma had no effect on the tensile strength and collagen content of colonic anastomoses, but local trauma in the vicinity of anastomoses resulted in loss of colonic tensile strength and a significant incidence of anastomotic disruption. The incidence of anastomotic disruption was not significantly affected by peritoneal drains.Anastomotic dehiscence in traumatized animals was accompanied by a significant reduction in the collagen content and collagen concentration of anastomoses. It is concluded that sepsis is the most probable cause of the failure of anastomotic healing in traumatized anim

ISSN:0007-1323    

DOI:10.1002/bjs.1800610604

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractColonic operations complicated by excessive intraabdominal trauma are followed by a high incidence of anastomotic disruption. Experimental studies have shown that the local effects of trauma result in impaired colonic healing and a significant incidence of disruption in colonic anastomoses.The nature of the effect of local trauma on the healing of colonic anastomoses was studied in rats subjected to intra‐abdominal trauma.The incidence of anastomotic disruption in traumatized rats was 18.5 per cent, but disruption did not occur when the colon was defunctioned for 4 weeks prior to surgery, and the incidence of anastomotic disruption in animals given intraperitoneal cephalothin during surgery was only 3–6 per cent.It was concluded that sepsis is the immediate cause of anastomotic disruption in traumatized rats, and it was suggested that the value of prophylactic intraperitoneal antimicrobial therapy in patients undergoing colonic surgery should be studied in a randomized prospective clinical tr

ISSN:0007-1323    

DOI:10.1002/bjs.1800610605

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractSixteen new patients with carcinoma of the male breast presented to St Bartholomew's Hospital in the 20‐year period from 1952 to 1971. Twelve (75 per cent) had Stage 111 or Stage IV disease. Seven of those in Stage III were thus classified by reason of the advanced (T3) local lesions and were treated by radical mastectomy. Results of treatment are recorded. The most significant prognostic factor is probably lymph node involvement. Orchidectomy is recommended in the management of disseminated disease and hormone assay studies may help to determine whether subsequent adrenalectomy will be benefit. Two stiking remissions following orchidectomy are presente

ISSN:0007-1323    

DOI:10.1002/bjs.1800610606

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA case is reported of a pneumopericardium in a 69‐year‐old woman caused by the rupture into the pericardium of a gastric ulcer situated in a hiatus hernia. Gastrografin studies were used to confirm the diagnosis and her initial conservative management was successful. However, she died at the operation to close her fistula, probably largely as a result of multiple unsuspected pulmonary emboli compounding her acid pericardi

ISSN:0007-1323    

DOI:10.1002/bjs.1800610607

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractPostoperative chest infection occurred in 65 of 200 patients, 100 of whom had biliary disease and 100 duodenal ulcer. As might be expected the incidence of chest infection was significantly higher in males, in those with duodenal ulcer, in industrial workers and those with preoperative chest symptoms, particularly if they smoked. Contrary to what might be expected it was not significantly higher in smokers in general, obese patients and those having longer operations. Although the incidence is high in the 40–60 age group it is not directly related to age. There appears to be a seasonal variatio

ISSN:0007-1323    

DOI:10.1002/bjs.1800610608

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractCombined transpleural exploration and extraserous drainage of subphrenic abscesses offer the advantages of transpleural exploration for location of a subphrenic abscess with the safety of extraserous drainage. In addition, thoracic complications can be treated simultaneously. The method was employed with success in 18 of 20 patients, in 12 of whom serious thoracic complications were present.

ISSN:0007-1323    

DOI:10.1002/bjs.1800610609

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA technique is described for the repair of burst abdominal incisions which ensures that pressure from below the incision tends to bring together the walls of the wound. This technique is most useful for fat flabby abdomens.

ISSN:0007-1323    

DOI:10.1002/bjs.1800610610

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA case of spontaneous perforation of the ureter in a 58‐year‐old woman is described. The difficulties in differential diagnosis from acute intraperitoneal catastrophes and the helpful role of the urgent intravenous pyelogram in atypical cases are stressed.The literature has been reviewed to yield 41 previous cases, and some of the common factors in aetiology, diagnosis and management are discus

ISSN:0007-1323    

DOI:10.1002/bjs.1800610611

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY