摘要:

AbstractA histological study of experimental cryptorchidism in the immature guinea‐pig and the results of subsequent orchidopexy are described.Arrest of development of a testis was produced by delaying its descent into the scrotum. Subsequent orchidopexy at ages up to and beyond puberty allowed development to continue to active spermatogenesis.The poor results following orchidopexy for natural cryptorchidism in man are discussed in relation to this experimental work and the existence of a primary testicular abnormality is suggested. The superficial inguinal pouch ectopic testicle and the retractile testicle are also discusse

ISSN:0007-1323    

DOI:10.1002/bjs.1800600402

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1973

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA study of the contralateral scrotal testicle of the guinea‐pig before and after the surgical treatment of unilateral experimental cryptorchidism is described.The contralateral scrotal testicle of the guinea‐pig has been found to mature quite normally without any evidence of incomplete development. In man, however, the contralateral scrotal testicle of unilaterally cryptorchid patients often shows incomplete development. The difference in results suggests that in man the unilateral cryptorchid state may be associated with a bilateral testicular abnormality. This bilateral abnormality might be the cause of poor fertility and, if severe, might also be the cause of failure of descent of the cryptorchid testi

ISSN:0007-1323    

DOI:10.1002/bjs.1800600403

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1973

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA definition of cranial encephalomeningocele is presented together with a classification of the types of sincipital encephalomeningocele and a review of their frequency throughout the world. A series of 30 cases encountered in Burma is described, including the personal details, clinical presentation, diagnostic procedures, general management, operative treatment, and the observations at operation. The aetiology and pathogenesis of sincipital encephalomeningocele are discussed with reference to the literature, to the embryogenesis of the skull and brain, and consideration of the observations made in this series of cases.

ISSN:0007-1323    

DOI:10.1002/bjs.1800600404

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1973

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThis paper reports a family in which 6 females and 3 males have sacral agenesis. Four of the female members of the family have associated presacral tumours: 1 meningocele, 1 dermoid, and 2 of an undetermined nature at present. Similar sacral lesions associated with presacral meningoceles in 4 female members of a family of 29 have been reported by Cohn and Bay‐Nielsen (1969

ISSN:0007-1323    

DOI:10.1002/bjs.1800600405

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1973

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractTwo hundred successive patients with upper gastro‐intestinal tract haemorrhage were admitted to a surgical unit for management. One hundred and thirty‐five patients (67.5 per cent) had a chronic peptic ulcer, 33 patients (16.5 per cent) had acute lesions (either an erosive gastritis or an acute gastric ulcer), and 32 patients (16 per cent) were a mixture of other diagnoses, of which 13 (6.5 per cent) were simple conditions but 19 (9.5 per cent) were conditions with a bad prognosis, e.g., carcinoma of the stomach, oesophageal varices, aortic aneurysm. Surgery was undertaken for massive, continuing, or recurrent bleeding and was as ‘conservative’ as thought possible. In duodenal ulcer this consisted of suture of the ulcer with vagotomy and pyloroplasty, and suture of the ulcer with vagotomy where possible in cases of anastomotic ulcer. In gastric ulcer only those less than 2 cm. in diameter were treated by suture with vagotomy and pyloroplasty. Ulcers greater than 2 cm. in size requiring surgery were treated by gastrectomy.In the 181 patients whose underlying condition had a good prognosis there were 7 deaths (4 per cent). In this group 81 operations were carried out; 61 were ‘conservative’ operations for peptic ulcer, 2 were for repair of a hiatus hernia, and there were 18 gastrectomies, usually for a large gastric ulcer. There were 2 deaths among the operated patients; 1 after gastrectomy and 1 after a ‘conservative’ operation. There were 5 deaths among the 100 patients in the group which was treated non‐operatively. There were 8 deaths among the 19 patients with underlying conditions of grave prognosis.The case for the admission of patients with upper gastro‐intestinal tract bleeding to a surgical unit is fully discussed and it is advocated together with a selective policy for operation. Where operation is necessary this should be as conservative as possible for bleeding duodenal ulcer, chronic gastric ulcer less than 2 cm. in size (ulcers of larger size may well respond but the method was not assessed for such ulcers), solitary acute gastric ulcer, and anastomotic ulcer. Gastric resection should be retained for the few patients with diffuse erosive gastritis requiring surgery and possibly for patients with a very large c

ISSN:0007-1323    

DOI:10.1002/bjs.1800600406

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1973

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe incidence, clinical experience, and management of gastroduodenal ulceration following intracranial disease over a 5‐year period at the Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, are reported.Usually the children present with a decline in the conscious state and falling blood‐pressure. The maximum danger period is the first 7‐‐10 days after an acute episode of brain‐stem compression. The gastro‐intestinal bleeding may not be overt, but the haemoglobin falls steadily. Small premonitory haemorrhages may herald torrential blood‐loss. Early vagotomy and pyloroplasty with oversewing of the ulcer provide the best operation for these children, and there have been no major postoperative gastrointestinal symptoms in a short

ISSN:0007-1323    

DOI:10.1002/bjs.1800600407

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1973

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThis paper reports a retrospective analysis of the results of conventional management of prostatic carcinoma in 110 patients. The 5‐year probability survival was 23 per cent. A correct initial diagnosis was made in only 53 per cent of the patients. Indices of prostatic carcinoma as opposed to benign prostatic hypertrophy would appear to be a higher age‐group, the occurrence of retention without preceding prostatism, and obstructive uropathy disproportionately severe in relation to symptoms. A normal serum prostatic acid phosphatase does not preclude the diagnosis of carcinoma of the prostate.Treatment with oestrogenic hormones produced regression of the primary neoplasm in 60 per cent of the patients but rarely affected metastatic lesions. The principal cause of death was not metastatic disease but lower urinary‐tract obstruction or operations for its r

ISSN:0007-1323    

DOI:10.1002/bjs.1800600408

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1973

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0007-1323    

DOI:10.1002/bjs.1800600409

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1973

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe diagnosis of splenic injury may be obvious from the outset, or it may either be masked by other injuries or present much later in the phase of convalescence. Delayed rupture may occur as late as 1 month after injury, at which time it may be embarrassing for the doctor and dangerous for the patient. Any additional diagnostic measure is therefore considered appropriate in cases of abdominal trauma. Schorr and Danon (1967) described the value of a film taken in the left lateral decubitus position with barium in the stomach, and noted the significance of a distance of more than 3 cm. from the greater curvature of stomach to the lateral abdominal wall. A case is described in the present paper in which a false‐positive result was obtained with the method of Schorr and Danon (1967) owing to interposition of a heavy mobile omentum. A right lateral decubitus film had been taken while the patient had a gas‐filled stomach, and had revealed a distance of only 2.2 cm. between the greater curve and lateral abdominal wall. In this projection the mobile omentum had obviously fallen away, allowing the stomach to rise towards the left abdominal wall and thus demonstrating the absence of a fixed mass in this region.Although it would appear that this technique is more useful in cases of delayed rupture than in acute cases, it is suggested that routine use be made of the right lateral decubitus film with a gas‐filled stomach, prior to films being taken according to Schorr and Danon's (1967) method. This modification might also be useful in the diagnosis of diseases of the spleen, and in following the progress of patients after trea

ISSN:0007-1323    

DOI:10.1002/bjs.1800600410

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1973

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0007-1323    

DOI:10.1002/bjs.1800600411

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1973

数据来源: WILEY