摘要:

No abstract available for this article.

ISSN:0734-7324    

DOI:10.1300/J020V03N02_01

出版商:Taylor&Francis Group    

年代:1986

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Since 1923 when motor vehicle accident statistics were first recorded by the National Safety Council, there has been a steady reduction in the motor vehicle death rate. Since 1966 when the Highway Safety Act was enacted, the reduction in the death rate has greatly increased, or nearly doubled, compared to the 16 years prior to the passage of the Highway Safety Act. Members of the Alliance for Traffic Safety believe that this increased reduction in the motor vehicle death rate since 1966 was due, at least in substantial part, to the development of a comprehensive balanced highway traffic safety program or a systems approach. This article reviews the role of the Alliance for Traffic Safety, the statistical data base related to highway traffic safety and offers recommendations for improving efforts in highway safety from a systems approach.

ISSN:0734-7324    

DOI:10.1300/J020V03N02_02

出版商:Taylor&Francis Group    

年代:1986

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

No abstract available for this article.

ISSN:0734-7324    

DOI:10.1300/J020V03N02_03

出版商:Taylor&Francis Group    

年代:1986

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Court-referred treatment and education for individuals arraigned for driving under the influence of liquor are increasing. At the same time. however, there is a concern that mandated treatment may be less effective than desired. Consequently, three issues are examined to suggest strategies that may enhance the effectiveness of the services provided to drunken driving offenders: (I) the role of court coercion and individual choice in entering treatment, (2) assessment of offenders and the scope of treatment recommendations made to courts, and (3) the role of treatment in individual change.

ISSN:0734-7324    

DOI:10.1300/J020V03N02_04

出版商:Taylor&Francis Group    

年代:1986

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Marlatt's (1978) Cognitive-Behavioral Model of relapse and Ellis' (1977) Rational-Emotive Therapy (RET) were used as bases to develop group therapy programs for multiple DUI offenders. The common elements and specific contents of the groups are described. A program evaluation battery administered pre and post treatment found no differences among the two specific treatment programs and an unstructured therapy group on both drinking and non-drinking measures except assertiveness. The implications and alternative explanations of these results are discussed.

ISSN:0734-7324    

DOI:10.1300/J020V03N02_05

出版商:Taylor&Francis Group    

年代:1986

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The Creative Interventions Alcohol Awareness Program provides innovative and effective treatment of individuals with multiple Driving While Intoxicated arrests. Albert Bandura's social learning theory provides a theoretical basis for the use of behavioral techniques to help group members acquire effective interpersonal skills. Behavioral change in the program is fostered by a gestalt orientation, cognitive restructuring, and experimentation with eleven specifically defined behaviors. The particularly difficult problem of measuring the effect of a program has been incorporated into the learning process, with observable behaviors providing group leaders and participants with a sound basis for evaluation.

ISSN:0734-7324    

DOI:10.1300/J020V03N02_06

出版商:Taylor&Francis Group    

年代:1986

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Massachusetts legislation passed in September 1982, increased the penalties for operating under the influence of alcohol (OUI) and was followed by a dramatic change in the processing of drunk driving offenses. This article examines what is currently available and proposed in terms of programs and facilities for individuals convicted of operating under the influence in Massachusetts and presents suggestions concerning the further development of programs. The information was collected in a series of semi-structured interviews with representatives from Massachusetts agencies and institutions providing programs and/or custody for the OUI population.

ISSN:0734-7324    

DOI:10.1300/J020V03N02_07

出版商:Taylor&Francis Group    

年代:1986

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

In recent years, drunk driving has become a major public issue, primarily due to concerned citizen groups who have been involved in activities to increase public awareness about the pervasiveness of this problem. This article describes the national campaign by the National Black Alcoholism Council (NBAC) to establish a Blacks Against Drunk Driving (BADD) initiative. The approach recommended is from a Black Cultural Perspective that includes education and training for key staff in the criminal justice system who work with persons arrested for driving while intoxicated (DWI). There are also steps outlined to engage the Black community in the drunk driving campaign through "community education networking conferences.

ISSN:0734-7324    

DOI:10.1300/J020V03N02_08

出版商:Taylor&Francis Group    

年代:1986

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

This paper argues that the problem of women and drinking and driving must be approached from two perspectives: (1) The design and implementation of DUI programs responsive to the particular needs of women and (2) A coordinated outreach effort to law enforcement agencies and the court system to increase the apprehension and referral of female offenders to drinking and driving programs. Statistics are examined which demonstrate that women are not being arrested, or convicted, or referred for drinking and driving in numbers at all equal to their participation in the problem. This paper further argues that coed drinking and driving programs where women are in the minority can epitomize the problems which alcoholic women encounter when seeking treatment in traditional programs which simply admit women for services without orienting those services to the specific needs of women.

ISSN:0734-7324    

DOI:10.1300/J020V03N02_09

出版商:Taylor&Francis Group    

年代:1986

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Comparisons of three populations of male and female DUIL offenders were carried out on a variety of descriptive measures. Repeat offenders differ from first offenders on all measures regardless of sex. Repeat offender males and females resemble each other closely as do first offender males and females. Compared to their first offender counterparts, repeat offender males and females drink more often, get drunk more often, abuse drugs in proportionately greater numbers, utilize more alcohol treatment services, have fewer economic resources, and exhibit greater impairment as a result of their drinking. The observed increase in DUIL arrests of females and their similarity to males in terms of problem drinking and drinking problems requires that intervention strategies be sensitive to the needs of both sexes.

ISSN:0734-7324    

DOI:10.1300/J020V03N02_10

出版商:Taylor&Francis Group    

年代:1986

数据来源: Taylor