ISSN:0887-8013    

DOI:10.1002/jcla.1860080402

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe new Cobas Core CMV IGM and IgG enzyme immunoassays (Roche Diagnostic Systems, Basle, Switzerland) were evaluated for their ability to detect cytomegalovirus (CMV)‐specific IgM and IgG antibodies. Therefore, both were compared with some other commercially available and already established serological tests used in the laboratory diagnosis of CMV infection. These included the Abbott IMx CMV IgM and IgG assays, the Abbott CMV‐M EIA, the Gull CMV IgM and IgG immunofluorescence tests, the medac CMV‐IgM‐ELA, and the Enzygnost anti‐cytomegalovirus assay (Behringwerke). A total of 572 serum samples of various categories were examined and the results showed high concordances between all methods, ranging from 84.5% to 94.9%. In a follow‐up on renal transplant patients, the times of first detection of seroconversions were compared. Since a high overall agreement between the Cobas Core CMV IgM and IgG enzyme immunoassays and the other test systems were observed, these new assays represent useful and reliable tools for clinical CMV diagnosis. © 1994 Wil

ISSN:0887-8013    

DOI:10.1002/jcla.1860080403

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractDetection of glycosylated protein in renal tissues was determined in streptozotocin (STZ)‐induced diabetic rats using the nitroblue tetrazolium (NBT) reaction. The glycosylation of extra‐cellular matrix (ECM) components such as laminin and fibronectin was examined in vitro using the same method. Immunofluorescence staining of laminin or type IV collagen was also performed in renal tissues of STZ‐induced diabetic rats. There was no significant difference in the intensity of NBT in renal tissues between 4 week STZ‐induced diabetic rats and control rats of the same age. The intensity of NBT staining in the glomerular mesangial areas and capillary walls was marked in 12 week diabetic rats. The mean values of fructosamine measured by the NBT reaction in the glycosylated‐laminin and fibronectin were increased dose dependently. In immunofluorescence, laminin and type IV collagen were observed significantly in the glomerular mesangial areas and capillary walls of 12 week diabetic rats. However, there was no significant change in renal histopathology in 4 and 12 week diabetic rats. It appears that the non‐enzymatic glycosylation and expression of ECM components in glomeruli increased in the early stage of diabetic nephropathy prior to the appearance of marked histologic alterations. In conclusion, non‐enzymatic glycosylation of glomerular structural components may play an important role in the initiation of the early stage of renal injuries in diabetes. © 1994 W

ISSN:0887-8013    

DOI:10.1002/jcla.1860080404

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe serodiagnostic value of candidaenolase antibody was evaluated in 27 patients with systemic candidiasis. The glycolytic enzyme enolase was prepared fromCandida albicansIFM 40009 and used as the antigen for immunoblot assays. IgG class antibody was found in the sera of 17 of 27 patients (62.9%) obtained during the early course of the infection. Serial sampling of sera increased the number of patients with positive Candida enolase antibody, which was detected in 25 of 27 patients (92.5%). None of the patients with localized candidiasis showed a positive IgG titer more than 1:100. The specificity of Candida enolase IgG antibody was 95%. This antibody was observed in various candida species:Candida albicans(6/7, 85.7%);C. parapsilosis(7/9, 77.9%);C. tropicalis(5/5, 100%);C. guilliermondii(4/4, 100%); andC. glabrata(1/3, 33.3%). © 1994 Wiley‐Liss, I

ISSN:0887-8013    

DOI:10.1002/jcla.1860080405

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0887-8013    

DOI:10.1002/jcla.1860080406

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori (Hp) infection is an important goal in clinical practice. In this paper we evaluated 1. the analytical reliability of a new second‐generation antigen based enzyme immunoassay (Cobas Core Anti Helicobacter pylori EIA) in detecting anti‐Hp IgG antibodies, and 2. the behaviour of anti‐Hp IgG in patients with chronic atrophic and non‐atrophic gastritis as compared to healthy controls. The findings from the dilution curve, the values of intra and inter assay coefficients of variations (never above 10%) and of the recovery test (between 96 and 109%), confirm that the method is reliable. Serum IgG anti‐Hp levels were found to be significantly higher in patients with histologically identified Hp infection, than in those negative at histology. Furthermore, the grade of histological positivity was correlated with serum IgG levels. However, we found a discrepancy between a low prevalence of Hp staining and a high prevalence of Hp seropositivity in patients with chronic atrophic or non‐atrophic gastritis, but not in controls. This suggests that IgG serum determination may be more useful than histology in determining a present or previous infection in patients with chronic atrophic or non‐atrophic gastritis. © 1994 W

ISSN:0887-8013    

DOI:10.1002/jcla.1860080407

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThis study evaluates the plasma levels of tumor necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α), interleukin‐ 1β (IL‐1β), and soluble IL‐2 receptor (sIL‐2R) in cancer patients infused with radiolabelled murine monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) for the purposes of imaging and dosimetry. Blood samples were collected from 13 patients (10 with colon cancer and 3 with lung cancer) before and at 4 and 7 days after infusion of either conventional intact111In‐ MAb or a bifunctional antibody delivery system. For all subjects, except one, this was the first exposure to murine MAb. Before infusion, higher levels of TNF‐α, IL‐1β, and sIL‐2R than the average expected in the plasma of healthy individuals were found. A significant decrease was noted in TNF‐α when preinfusion concentrations were compared to 4 day (P<0.01) or to 7 day (P<0.05) postinfusion values. A 50% or greater decrease in IL‐1β was also observed in most individuals with time after infusion. In contrast, sIL‐2R concentrations remained relatively stable during the 1 week follow‐up period. However, strikingly different patterns in the IL‐1β and sIL‐2R levels were noted in the subject who had received two previous murine antibody infusions. Our data show that the administration of radiolabelled murine antibodies, either conventional or bifunctional, can significantly alter plasma levels of TNF‐α and IL‐1β. These cytokines are important in immunoregulation and, perhaps also, in modulatio

ISSN:0887-8013    

DOI:10.1002/jcla.1860080408

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractGaucher disease (GD), caused by inherited deficiency of β‐glucocerebrosidase (β‐Glc, EC 3.1.2.45), is classified type I if the CNS is not involved (non‐neuronopathic), type II if CNS involvement is early and rapidly progressive (acute neuronopathic), and type III if CNS involvement occurs later and is slowly progressive (subacute neuronopathic). The clinical course is not predictable by measurement of residual β‐Glc activity. Patient classification by identification of specific mutations is more promosing: homozygosity for the common A5841‐>(N370S) mutation invariably predicts type I; homozygosity for the T6433‐>C (L444P) mutation usually indicates type III (Norbottnian). Type II disease patients often carry the T6433‐>C allele together with a complex allele derived in part from the downstream pseudogene by crossover or gene conversion, producing a T6433‐>C substitution, plus 2 or 3 additional single base substitutions (fusion gene). Employing selective PCR amplification of the structural gene, we detected homozygous T6433C (L444P) point mutations in a Caucasian boy, initially classified as having GD type I, who succumbed to severe visceral GD before age 3 years. A second novel PCR procedure for discriminating between the normal gene and the fusion gene confirmed the homozygous point mutation results. Post mortem neuropathological findings showed neuronal complex lipid accumulation consistent with late‐onset type III disease. Although in Norbottnian patients it is generally accepted that onset of neurological findings is delayed, patients with the L444P/L444P genotype can only be initially classified as type Ill with this ancestry. Other patients described sporadically elsewhere are invariably considered type I until neurological findings arise. This is the first actual demonstration of a transition from type I to type Ill based on medical findings, not geography. ©

ISSN:0887-8013    

DOI:10.1002/jcla.1860080409

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractAnti‐HIV‐1 IgG in urine was detected by an ultrasensitive enzyme immunoassay (immune complex transfer enzyme immunoassay) using recombinant reverse transcriptase (RT), p17 and p24 as antigens, and β‐D‐galactosidase fromEscherichia colias label. Anti‐HIV‐1 IgG in urine was reacted simultaneously with 2,4‐dinitrophenyl‐bovine serum albumin‐recombinant protein conjugate and recombinant protein‐β‐D‐galactosidase conjugate. The immune complex formed, consisting of the three components, was trapped onto polystyrene balls coated with affinity purified (anti‐2,4‐dinitrophenyl group) IgG. After washing, the immune complex was eluted from the polystyrene balls with excess of ϵN‐2,4‐dinitrophenyl‐L‐lysine and transferred to clean polystyrene balls coated with affinity‐purified (anti‐human IgG γ‐chain) IgG. Finally, the enzyme activity bound to the last solid phase was assayed by fluorometry. Using recombinant RT as antigen, the sensitivity and specificity for 83 seropositives and 100 seronegatives were both 100%, and the lowest signal for 60 asymptomatic carriers was 8.2‐fold higher than the highest signal for the seronegatives. The positivity with recombinant RT as antigen could be confirmed by using recombinant p17 and p24 as antigens. The sensitivity could be improved by a longer assay of bound β‐D‐galactosidase activity, by using concentrated urine samples and by the combined use of recombinant RT, p17, and p24. Thus, reliable diagnosis of HIV‐1 infection was poss

ISSN:0887-8013    

DOI:10.1002/jcla.1860080410

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractSerum pseudocholinesterase (PChE) was discovered in 1932. Since this protein mimics many of the catalytic properties of acetylcholinesterase, it has traditionally been referred to as PChE, even though its true biological function is unknown. Serum PChE is synthesized in the liver and secreted into the circulation as a sialated glycoprotein. Although no convincing evidence of biological function exists, a significant number of obese and diabetic patients have elevated levels of PChE. The same phenomenon is found in experimental animal models of obesity, diabetes and hyperlipoproteinemia. Streptozotocin‐induced diabetic mice showed increased serum PChE activity concomitant with increased serum triacylglycerol and PChE activity declined with treatment. Iso‐OMPA, a nontoxic inhibitor of serum PChE, reduced serum and liver triacylglycerols and serum VLDL in streptozotocininduced rodent diabetes. These findings suggest that PChE may have a role in VLDL metabolism. © 1994 Wiley‐Lis

ISSN:0887-8013    

DOI:10.1002/jcla.1860080411

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY