ISSN:0887-8013    

DOI:10.1002/jcla.1860080602

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0887-8013    

DOI:10.1002/jcla.1860080603

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractSystemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a nonorgan‐specific autoimmune disease which affects multiple organ systems and is multifactorial in etiology.SLE is the prototypic systemic rheumatic disease with immune dysregulation characterized by (1) polyclonal activation of B‐cells and (2) production of a large spectrum of autoantibodies with a marked preference for nuclear and intracellular antigens.The clinical and laboratory manifestations and criteria for classification and diagnosis of systemic lupus erythematosus, lupus‐like syndromes, and various subsets of systemic lupus erythematosus, are reviewed. The differential diagnosis of SLE and related diseases is described with correlation of specific intracellular autoantibodies. © 1994 Wiley‐L

ISSN:0887-8013    

DOI:10.1002/jcla.1860080604

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractConsiderable progress has been made in the improvement of clinical assays for the detection of autoantibodies to nuclear and intracellular antigens with the use of available World Health Organization (WHO) and Arthritis Foundation/Centers for Disease Control (AF/CDC) standards. The ultimate goal of standardization is for various clinical laboratory test results to be interchangeable and for an exchange of data to be done with confidence.This report discusses the available standards. In addition, significant technical problems and variations in methodologies for the detection of autoantibodies to intracellular antigens noted during a 4‐year study by a European Consensus Study Group are detailed.Currently, there is a need for a future generation of reference preparations and standards that will show specific antibody reactivity on sensitive enzymes and immunoblotting assays. Standardization efforts should be done to characterize specific nuclear and cellular antigen preparations that may be of natural or of recombinant technology origin. © 1994 Wiley‐Liss,

ISSN:0887-8013    

DOI:10.1002/jcla.1860080605

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0887-8013    

DOI:10.1002/jcla.1860080606

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractAntibodies directed against ganglioside GM1 or sulfatides are frequently associated with motor or sensorimotor neuropathies. To establish the prevalence of such antiglycosphingolipid autoantibodies in autoimmune disorders and to determine whether they contribute to neurologic symptoms in those individuals, we measured these antibodies by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in serum samples from rheumatologic patients with and without peripheral neuropathies (PN). We tested 21 patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (9 with PN), 26 with Sjögren's syndrome (12 with PN), 34 with scleroderma (28 with PN), and 14 with rheumatoid arthritis (4 with PN).Samples from 32 normal individuals were also tested. Patients with systemic lupus erythematosus and rheumatoid arthritis had elevated concentrations of GM1 antibodies and scleroderma patients had lower levels of sulfatide antibodies compared to healthy individuals. The presence of ganglioside or sulfatide antibodies did not correlate with the development of peripheral neuropathy in these patients. These findings suggest that relatively low‐titer glycosphingolipid antibodies may arise as part of a nonspecific polyclonal gammopathy in rheumatologic disorders but generally without clinical manifestation. © 1994 Wiley‐Li

ISSN:0887-8013    

DOI:10.1002/jcla.1860080607

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractWe had an opportunity to test a reagent kit for serum lipoprotein (a) [Lp(a)] assay, which was based on the latex immunoturbidimetric assay method, and applied it to COBAS MIRA (Roche). Reproducibility of the assay procedure was 0.92–4.0% CV of three samples which contained 12.58–60.4 mg/dl of Lp(a). Minimum detectable concentration was 1.5–2.0 mg/dl. It was confirmed that interference of co‐existing substances, i.e. hemoglobin, bilirubin, and intralipid, was negligible. No cross reactivity was seen with plasminogen. Correlation with a ELISA method was excellent. Frequency distribution of Lp(a) in healthy Japanese was similar to that found in white population. © 1994 Wiley

ISSN:0887-8013    

DOI:10.1002/jcla.1860080608

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThis study compared the effect of sodium dodecyl‐sulfate, potassium ferricyanide, and preincubation technique to continuous‐flow analysis and prior deproteinization to correct the negative interference of bilirubin on serum creatinine found by the kinetic Jaffé reaction. Bilirubin increased to 684 μmol/L did not interfere with serum creatinine measured by the methods incorporated with dialysis or deproteinization. Trichloroacetic acid was the best protein precipitant. The reagent incorporated with sodium dodecyl sulfate was more appropriate to minimize bilirubin interference than reagent containing potassium ferricyanide. An increase in potassium ferricyanide concentration resulted in false positive creatinine values. Incorporation of both SDS and potassium ferricyanide in the reagent did not help in minimizing the bilirubin interference over use of each chemical alone. The 10 minutes of preincubation of the sample with alkaline buffer incorporating with either SDS or potassium ferricyanide before starting the Jaffé reaction was the appropriate way to overcome unconjugated bilirubin interference at a level of 342.0 μmol/L. However, the technique did not work uniformly with icteric patient sera containing conjugated, unconjugated, and delta bilirubin. This is a challenging problem that remains to be solved by the clinical chemist. © 1994 Wiley

ISSN:0887-8013    

DOI:10.1002/jcla.1860080609

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA new method for the detection of magnetically labeled cells in suspension using an optical microscope is presented. The movement of individual cells in a nonuniform magnetic field (magnetophoresis) can be studied and the direction and velocity of their movement can be determined. Cell‐associated magnetic particles (e.g., attached magnetic immunomicrospheres) influence these parameters. We developed a magnetophoresis chamber for measuring the movement of single cells in a high‐gradient magnetic field. Paramagnetic erythrocytes were used to monitor the level of magnetic force in the chamber. Bw6 antigen‐positive REH cells were used as a biological model. Magnetic microspheres coupled with anti‐Bw6 antibody were used as magnetic labels. The movement of magnetically labeled REH cells was investigated versus the intensity of magnetic field. The magnetization of microspheres was experimentally determined by the Faraday balance method. Experimental and theoretical results substantiate the feasibility of detecting a single cell associated with a single magnetic microsphere. Thus, magnetophoresis provides a sensitive biometrical system for magnetically labeled entities. © 1994 Wiley

ISSN:0887-8013    

DOI:10.1002/jcla.1860080610

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractDuring the past few years, interest in xenotransplantation of porcine islets of Langerhans for the future therapy of type I diabetes has increased markedly. Therefore, we established a semiautomated digestion method for isolating islets from the porcine pancreas. However, although the isolation technique was standardized and collagenase of controlled quality was used, we were unable to attain high islet yields with a satisfactory degree of reproducibility. One hypothesis was that varying degrees of interference by donor pancreatic enzymes were responsible for this failure. The aim of this study was to examine the kinetics of four types of enzymatic activity during the isolation procedure, as well as their effects on islet yield: collagenase, trypsin, neutral protease, and clostripain. Our results indicate that while exogenous collagenase activity decreases slightly during the isolation procedure, the activity of the pancreas enzymes neutral protease and trypsin increases. In some cases, trypsin activity increases very strongly. A strong increase in trypsin activity correlates with poor islet yield, whereas low trypsin activity always correlates with high islet yield. Addition of the protease inhibitor Pefabloc to the isolation medium results in low trypsin activity and reproducible high islet yields. © 1994 Wiley‐Liss, I

ISSN:0887-8013    

DOI:10.1002/jcla.1860080611

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY