摘要:

AbstractCirculating HIV P24 antigen levels at baseline and following AZT therapy were measured in 9 patients with ARC and 11 patients with AIDS. Eight of these patients had no detectable levels of P24. The P24 antigen levels in the remaining 12 patients decreased significantly after AZT treatment. Following discontinuation of AZT treatment in 2 patients, the P24 antigen levels went up. These results clearly demonstrate the efficacy of AZT in reducing P24 antigen levels in circulation.

ISSN:0887-8013    

DOI:10.1002/jcla.1860030402

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractPeripheral blood T‐lymphocyte subsets were studied serially over a 6 year period in 50 patients with monoclonal gammopathy of unknown significance and multiple myeloma. The results were correlated with clinical status as measured by responsiveness to treatment (response vs. relapse). To allow assessment of the effects of treatment per se upon T‐lymphocyte subset levels, patients were studied prior to as well as on and off therapy. After adjustment for treatment effects, the significant correlation (P<0.001) between low percentages of T4‐bearing cells and relapse status persisted in all patients. Following multivariate analysis, β2‐microglobulin and m‐protein values correlated with relapse status, but these correlations were not unexpected since these parameters were often used in association with other clinical and laboratory findings to assess relapse status. The most striking finding of this study was the independent correlation between decreasing percent of T4 levels and increasing probability of relapse (P≤ 0.003). Specifically, in this study the proportion of subjects with T4 levels<20% who relapsed was 67% regardless of other parameters. The strength of the correlation between the T4 values and relapse may provide insight into the biology of relapsing myeloma as well as adding a clinically useful test for diseas

ISSN:0887-8013    

DOI:10.1002/jcla.1860030403

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA solid phase, enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) competition kit was developed to detect circulating nativerasgene‐related products in sera of 151 healthy volunteers and cancer patients. This assay uses monoclonal antibody (mAb) BST‐6A generated against a yeast‐derived, native ras‐related polypeptide Yp20. Only 2% (1 of 58) of normal control sera showed strong competition, as compared to 15% (5 of 34) of patients with early stage or no evidence of disease, and 44% (26 of 59) of patients with advanced disease. These differences were statistically significant (X2, P<0.05–0.001). Eleven sera samples of cancer patients found to be strong competitors in the ELISA competition kit were tested for the presence of anti‐ras antibodies by ELISA. None showed higher ELISA values as compared with pooled normal human serum and control sera. It is thus suggested that our procedure detected circulating ras‐related oncoproteins in sera of cancer patients mainly with a

ISSN:0887-8013    

DOI:10.1002/jcla.1860030404

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe effect of okadaic acid (OA), a non‐TPA (12‐0‐tetradecanoylphorbol‐13—acetate)‐type tumor promoter, on interleukin 1 (IL‐1) synthesis in human peripheral blood monocytes in vitro was examined using immunofluorescence and the mouse thymocyte assays. Stimulation of IL‐1 was shown with 0.05 μg OA/ml (the peak response), while concentrations of greater than 1.0 μg OA/ml showed significant inhibition of IL‐1 synthesis by monocytes in the immunofluorescence analysis. Okadaic acid added directly to mouse thymocytes showed a peak response in IL‐1 synthesis at 0.01 μg OA/ml, while significant inhibition was shown for concentrations of OA greater than 0.1 μg ONA/ml. Supernatants of monocytes exposed to OA gave maximum stimulation at 0.05 μg OA/ml for both 24 and 48 hr exposures. Significant inhibition of IL‐1 synthesis in monocytes was shown by supernatants obtained from monocytes exposed 24 hr with 1.0 μg OA/ml. Addition of various concentrations of OA to monocyte cultures in the presence of increasing concentrations of monoclonal antibody to OA showed significant reduction of the inhibition of IL‐1 synthesis by OA at the 0.10 μg level, but more significantly at the 1.0 μg OA/ml level. The higher levels of OA associated with inhibition of IL‐1 synthesis in monocytes in this study were comparable to the concentrations used in the tumor promotion studies by others. The reversal of the inhibitory effect of OA by the monoclonal antibody to OA is of interest and should be applicable to further studies on th

ISSN:0887-8013    

DOI:10.1002/jcla.1860030405

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe distribution of selected lymphocyte subset populations in renal transplant patients was used to assist in the differential diagnosis of graft dysfunction. Patients experiencing dysfunction due to rejection showed consistent and significant decreases in relative numbers of CD 8 (cytotoxic/suppressor) lymphocytes. The ratio of CD 4 cells to CD 8 cells in this group of patients was generally greater than 2.00 due to decreases in CD 8 cells. Patients showing graft dysfunction due to viral infections showed consistent and significant increases in CD 8 cells which also bear the HNK‐1 or the HLA‐Dr determinants. Serial monitoring for these dual‐marked lymphocytes on a weekly basis can be of con‐ siderable use in determining the etiology of graft dysfunction. Increases in other “activation” markers, including transferrin receptors, CD 38, and a T cell lineage specific activation antigen (TLiSA) were not specific for rejection; in fact, increases in CD38 were more often associated with viral infections. These studies indicated that lymphocyte subset determinations done on a regular basis can help distinguish graft dysfunction due to viral infections from other causes. The ability to distinguish rejection episodes from stable grafts is less obvious. Although the alterations in lymphocyte subset distribution are not entirely specific, they can distinguish viral infections fro

ISSN:0887-8013    

DOI:10.1002/jcla.1860030406

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractWe evaluated the Seralyzer® instrument for the assay of serum cholesterol and compared it to the Kodak Ektachem™ method. The Seralyzer showed good accuracy in the analysis of cholesterol in Abell‐Kendall‐verified serum pools, and the bias from the expected value was small in all cases but one. The Seralyzer exhibited CVs of5% from the true cholesterol

ISSN:0887-8013    

DOI:10.1002/jcla.1860030407

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractMonolayers of NB41A3 (MNB) cells were exposed to pharmacologic doses of dexamethasone (DXM). After 24‐h, the cells were infected with herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV‐1) at a multiplicity of infection (m.0.i.) = 0.1. After every 24‐h period, extracellular and intracellular virus aliquots were collected and frozen. The aliquots were titered in a standard plaque‐forming assay. It was shown that the hormone led to a statistically significant increase of extra‐ and intracellular virus titers above the titers exhibited by these cells without added hormone. The same experiment was repeated in Vero cells, but the hormone did not elevate the resultant HSV‐1 titers. A binding assay was performed on these two cell lines by use of3H‐DXM to determine if a DXM receptor was present. Specific binding was seen, but only in the MNB cell line. The Bmax of this receptor was 480 fmol/mg protein and it had a Kd of 2.3 nM. The S value of the receptor ligand complex equalled 8.0. These results indicate that cells possessing hormone receptors allow for a more efficient replication of the virus and suggest that these hormones may play an important role in the exacerbation of herpes simplex virus infe

ISSN:0887-8013    

DOI:10.1002/jcla.1860030408

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractIn recent years, a new lectin—jacalin—has raised the interest of immunologists because of its original properties with respect to human immunoglobulins and lymphocytes. Its structure and carbohydrate binding specifity are now well documented, and it can be purified easily from jackfruit seeds by ion exchange or affinity chromatography. The binding and precipitating specificities of jacalin with heavy chains of human immunoglobulins allow its use as a diagnostic (IgA subclass typing) and preparative tool (purification of IgA and IgD, removal of IgA from biologic samples and preparations). Other possible applications of jacalin's binding properties also can be envisaged. In addition, the lectin displays a mitogenic activity specific for human CD4 T‐lymphocytes; consequently, the proliferative response induced by jacalin appears to represent a new and interesting assay for a functional study of CD4 cells, with obvious applications in primary and acquired, especially AIDS, immune deficiency s

ISSN:0887-8013    

DOI:10.1002/jcla.1860030409

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe sensitivity of the conventional enzyme immunoassay methods is seriously limited by the presence of nonspecific immunoglobulins at high concentrations in test serum. In order to overcome this difficulty, various methods have been developed, and the detection limit of serum antibodies has been lowered to 50–100 ng/l, which is 300,000‐fold lower than that by the conventional enzyme immunoassay method using antigen‐coated solid phases and anti‐immunoglobulin antibody‐enzyme conjugates. As a result, anti‐insulin antibodies have been demonstrated in most of patients treated with insulin for 0.5–10 months, and anti‐thyroglobulin IgG has been demonstrated not only in all patients with Graves' disease and chronic thyroiditis, but also in a large proportion of h

ISSN:0887-8013    

DOI:10.1002/jcla.1860030410

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0887-8013    

DOI:10.1002/jcla.1860030401

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY