摘要:

Child prosody is important clinically, but descriptive procedures are lacking. Here, a broad descriptive framework is presented. The approach is based onsystemic phonology, although other current models are mentioned. Information on English prosody and speaker usage is presented. Speech samples are used to show how utterances are broken down into prosodic units (tone group, foot, syllable, phoneme). Discourse influences the manner in which morphemes and syllables are produced. Language interaction occurs between grammatical and prosodic units. Tone, stress, rhythm, and pause are considered. English stress is key to the organization of speech. Speech-language pathologists would benefit from more training in prosody analysis and transcription for clinical purposes.

ISSN:0271-8294    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1997

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Studies that have explored interrelationships among linguistic components during children's speech production ore reviewed. Linguistic trade-offs are thought to occur when increases in complexity or accuracy in one component are associated with decreases in complexity or accuracy in another component. The occurrence of tradeoffs appears to be influenced by elicitation condition and developmental level of the speaker. Explanations for the occurrence or absence of trade-offs, including limited capacity processing models, are discussed, and implications of the work on linguistic interactions for clinical assessment are offered.

ISSN:0271-8294    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1997

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

When children display cooccurring speech and language impairments, clinicians must design goal-attack strategies to increase treatment efficiency. Interventions can be hypothesized to facilitate gains in untreated as well as treated domains based on language processing theories. Studies investigating the indirect effects of language interventions on phonology and vice versa, of phonological intervention on morphosyntax, are reviewed. Although the results are equivocal, there is greater evidence to support facilitatory effects of phonological intervention on morphosyntactic performance, especially for children with severe impairments in both domains. Simultaneous and sequential treatments of different domains must also be explored with children who have phonological and morphosyntactic impairments.

ISSN:0271-8294    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1997

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The question examined in this article is whether certain prosodic modifications within the linguistic input provided to children can influence their ability to process and learn language. Based on a limited capacity framework, the argument is made that use of emphatic stress on selected target forms may help focus an individual's attention so that cognitive resources can be directed toward processing new linguistic information. A brief review is provided of prior research that has examined the role of stress in language processing. Findings are summarized from recent investigations of the effect of emphatic stress on novel word learning by children with normal language and those with specific language impairment (SL1). These results indicate that use of emphatic stress on modeled target forms can improve children's lexical learning. Implications for language intervention are discussed.

ISSN:0271-8294    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1997

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

A number of recent studies have begun to demonstrate how the prosodic structure of children's early words is restricted and how this prosodic structure changes developmentally. This article outlines a series of stages of prosodic development that children follow from the beginning of word acquisition through the end of the second year of life. The minimal word, which provides the child with a restricted learning environment for both segmental acquisition and the acquisition of syllabic and subsyllabic structure, is shown to be an extremely important factor in phonological development during this period.

ISSN:0271-8294    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1997

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Like younger, normally developing children, children who are language impaired frequently omit grammatical morphemes in their phrase productions. These omissions from phrases bear some similarity to omissions of weak syllables from multisyllabic words. These similarities concern prosodic properties; specifically, initial weak syllables are particularly challenging in both cases. Omissions of word- and phrase-initial weak syllables may occur because of perceptual or production constraints that are operative in the immature language system. Clinical procedures whereby the salience of grammatical morpheme models is increased and the difficulty of production of grammatical morphemes is controlled via manipulation of prosodic contexts may enhance children's learning of grammatical morphemes.

ISSN:0271-8294    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1997

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Prosody is an important component of communication that interacts with the other aspects of language (i.e., syntax, semantics, pragmatics, and segmental phonology). Attention to prosody affords clinicians a better understanding of children's language impairments. Brewster's (1989) system for classifying prosody deficits is a promising framework for clinical management. It provides insight into the child's adaptive use of prosody as it interacts with language and speech.

ISSN:0271-8294    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1997

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0271-8294    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1997

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0271-8294    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1997

数据来源: OVID