摘要:

&NA;Phonetic transcription is an essential tool for speech‐language pathologists working with phonologically impaired children. This article provides information that will help professionals enhance the accuracy of the phonetic transcriptions used in their clinical work. Important terms and concepts from articulatory/clinical phonetics (e.g., segment, phoneme) are reviewed and guidelines are provided for streamlining the process of whole‐word live transcription and for refining transcriptions by incorporating features from audio/video recordings. Sounds that are particularly prone to transcription error are discussed (including unaspirated and unreleased stops and glottal stops), and selected phonetic symbols and diacrities arepresented that have been found to be useful for transcribing non‐English sounds and “distortions” that may occur in the speech of children with speech sound disorders (e.g., velar and bilabial fricatives and affricates and lateralized sibilants). The role of expectation in phonetic transcription is also discussed (Oller & Eilers. 1975). Examples from children with phonological impairments illustrate the possible negative effects of expectation, and suggestions are provided for minimizing these effects.

ISSN:0271-8294    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2001

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

&NA;Assessing the phonological skills of young children, or of older children with delayed speech, is difficult because limited vocabulary and low intelligibility often preclude the use of a standardized articulation test. This article provides a framework for collecting and analyzing speech samples from this population with particular attention to phonetic transcription of these samples. A protocol for transcription is provided along with a discussion of the use of diacrities. The article includes a description of “fuzzy speech” and offers advice on how to deal with transcription of speech that falls into this category.

ISSN:0271-8294    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2001

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

&NA;The transcription of vowels is more difficult than the transcription of consonants for several reasons. Fox example, vowels are both less discrete than consonants and more variable across dialects, In addition, there is not widespread agreement on the best categorization and transcription system for vowels. Furthermore, vowels are often neglected by speech‐language pathologists due to the focus on consonants in clinical training and practice. Recently, however, there has been an increased attention to vowels and their importance in phonological development and disorders. To identify vowel errors accurately and to examine contextual influences on consonant errors, an accurate transcription of vowels is necessary. This article reviews International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) symbols and diacrities for transcribing vowels and discusses their importance in the transcription of disordered speech and dialect variation.

ISSN:0271-8294    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2001

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

&NA;This article reviews conventions for transcribing suprasegmental features in spoken English. symbols based on the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) and its recent Extensions are supplemented, in the area of intonation, by selected tonetic stress marks and examples of the autosegmental notation that is used in the Tone and Break Indices framework. The transcription conventions are intended to distinguish between prominence effects that reflect different speech production systems, including intonation, accent, stress, and articulation. The proposed symbols are illustrated with examples from a child with a language disorder whose speech is characterized by monotone pitch and equal and even stress.

ISSN:0271-8294    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2001

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

&NA;This article reviews major approaches to the transcription of disordered speech using the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA). application of selected symbols for transcribing non‐English sounds is highlighted in clinical examples, as are commonly used diacritic symbols. Included is an overview of the IPA extensions for transcription of atypical speech, and Voice Quality Symbols. Challenges related to the description of disordered speech are identified, and suggestions are provided to enhance clinical transcription.

ISSN:0271-8294    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2001

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0271-8294    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2001

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0271-8294    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2001

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0271-8294    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2001

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0271-8294    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2001

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0271-8294    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2001

数据来源: OVID