ISSN:0149-6085    

DOI:10.1111/j.1745-4565.1988.tb00515.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTEthylenethiourea (ETU) residue originating from ethylenebisdithiocarbamate (EBDC) fungicides sprayed in the field was evaluated in canned spinach. The effect of leaf type, mechanical injury, holding temperature and washing solution on levels of ETU were studied. A smooth leaf cultivar had lower ETU residues than savoy and semisavoy. Leaf‐injured spinach had higher ETU residues than the intact control. Spinach washed in water reduced the ETU level to less than 5 ppm, while addition of sodium hypochlorite (300 ppm) and a basic detergent (0.1%) further reduced ETU levels to less than 1 ppm. Increasing the washing time from 1 to 3 min did not significantly reduce the residual ETU levels. High holding temperatures (21°C) resulted in canned spinach with low but not significantly different levels of ETU as compared to low temperatures (2

ISSN:0149-6085    

DOI:10.1111/j.1745-4565.1988.tb00516.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTBeef cattle were fed corn silage with or without apple pomace andlor fish meal. Trace levels of dicofol, an acaricide used on apples, were found in tissues of animals fed apple pomace. Detectable levels of p, p'‐DDE were also found in tissues of these cattle since dicofol, as formulated, contains about 2.5% p, p'‐DDT. The addition of fish meal containing traces of p,p'‐DDE to the ration did not consistently increase p, p'‐DDE concentrations since this supplement only comprised 3% of the diet. The corn silage and fish meal each contained trace concentrations of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) but PCBs were not detectable in tissues of any of the

ISSN:0149-6085    

DOI:10.1111/j.1745-4565.1988.tb00517.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTCommercially obtained protein based condiments, including soy sauces, were analyzed for the presence of ethyl carbamate (urethane) using combined gas chromatography‐mass spectrometry (GC‐MS). Samples were spiked with 100 parts‐per‐billion (ppb) oft‐butyl carbamate internal standard, extracted with methylene chloride and concentrated prior to GC‐MS analysis. For quantitation, the ratio of the pseudomolecular ions produced during isobutane chemical ionization (CI) at m/z 90 (ethyl carbamate) and m/z 118 (t‐butyl carbamate) were monitored by mass chromatography. Response factors for ethyl carbamate versus the internal standard were determined in both the electron ionization (EI) and chemical ionization modes. The CI mode was used for quantitation as it was more sensitive and interference free. Samples testing positive by CI‐MS were subsequently scanned by EI‐MS for confirmation of identity as the CI spectra did not contain fragment ions necessary for adequate specificity. This method proved simple and reliable with detection limits less than 1 ppb. Limits of confirmation were 10 ppb. The recovery of internal standard was 86.7%± 5.6%. Only fermented products were found to conta

ISSN:0149-6085    

DOI:10.1111/j.1745-4565.1988.tb00518.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTFairly high levels (1.1 to 3.85%) of morpholine (MOR) and traces (140 to 670 ppb) of N‐nitrosomorpholine (NMOR) were detected in 9 commercial samples of liquid waxes used for coating apples. Also, low levels (0.25 to 7.7 ppm) of MOR but no NMOR were detected in 17 batches of apples coated with these waxes. Uncoated apples were negative for both MOR and NMOR. Although MOR is easily nitrosated, incubation of wax‐coated apples with 10 ppm nitrite under simulated gastric conditions did not form any detectable levels of NMOR (detection limit, 0.5 ppb). Therefore, the possibility of formation of NMOR in the human stomach, after ingestion of such wax‐coated apples, is highly unl

ISSN:0149-6085    

DOI:10.1111/j.1745-4565.1988.tb00519.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTTotal phenolic plant flavonoids obtained from Thuia accidentalis L. and Cupressus sempevirens L. showed antimutagenic effects on benzo(a) pyrene [B(a)P] in Salmonella typhimurium strains TA100 and TA98. The n‐butanol extract was more effective then chloroform and petrol eum‐ether extracts, respectively. Aqueous extracts exhibited no inhibition in both strains. Total flavonoids from C. sempevirens showed more antimutagenic activity than flavonoids from T. accidentalis. None of the extracts revealed any cytotoxic or mutagenic activity on the bacterial tester stra

ISSN:0149-6085    

DOI:10.1111/j.1745-4565.1988.tb00520.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTThe effect of seven dietary constituents, (i) cuminaldehyde, (2) eugenol, (3) ferulic acid, (4) linalool, (5) piperine, (6) vanillin and (7) zingerone on human and rat platelet aggregation has been studied. Cuminaldehyde and eugenol both at 2mM caused a significant stimulation of aggregation of washed platelets while zingerone exerted a similar but moderate effect at 4 mM. The other compounds were without any effect. Cuminaldehyde and eugenol showed essentially the same effect on both human and rat platelets. Their effect on platelet aggregation increased with concentration up to 2 mM, beyond which a decrease was observed. The effect was less pronounced in platelet rich plasma (PRP). This aggregatory effect of the two compounds was almost additive at low concentrations. Pre‐treatment with aspirin or salicyclic acid (0.1 mM) inhibited the effect of the above compounds on platelet aggregation. Treatment with onion juice (20 μL/mL) as well as garlic juice (5 μ/mL) countered to a large extent the effect of the two compounds. These studies are of significance in hemostasis and thrombo

ISSN:0149-6085    

DOI:10.1111/j.1745-4565.1988.tb00521.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTGrowth of Aspergillus flavus and Penicillium notatum was inhibited by a fungicide coupled to a packaging film. A chemical method was employed to attach a fungicide containing amino groups to an ionomeric packaging film containing pendent carboxyl groups. Dicyclohexylcarbodiimide was used as the coupling agent and dimethylaminopyridine as the catalyst for the reaction. Infra‐red spectroscopy, weight gain and elemental analysis were used to demonstrate that the fungicide was coupled to the fil

ISSN:0149-6085    

DOI:10.1111/j.1745-4565.1988.tb00522.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY