摘要:

Toxicological evaluation of Karnal bunt wheat was carried out in monkeys, feeding a diet containing 70% karnal bunt wheat, for 12 weeks. Blood was drawn once every two weeks. In addition to hematological parameters, total protein, albumin, alkaline phosphatase and transaminases were estimated in serum. The results of the study did not indicate any adverse effect in monkeys on consumption of up to 70% Karnal bunt affected wheat.

ISSN:0149-6085    

DOI:10.1111/j.1745-4565.1983.tb00462.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Two fungi, Boletus edulis and Agaricus bisporus, were tested as substrates for two known aflatoxigenic fungi, Aspergillus flavus ATCC 15548 and A. parasiticus NRRL 2999. Both autoclaved substrates supported mycelial growth, sporulation, and aflatoxin production; however, the B. edulis substrate allowed more rapid mold growth and greater toxin production than did the A. bisporus substrate under laboratory conditions. Both aflatoxins B1and AFG1were produced with AFG1being the predominant toxin. Aflatoxins B2and AFG2were not detected. Although toxin was produced at low levels, the highest mean being 0.55 μg/g substrate for AFB1and AFG1, both mushrooms apparently contained minimal nutrients for toxigenic mold growth and failed to cause antimycotic or antiaflatoxigenic responses. Routinely used aflatoxin extraction and analytical procedures appear applicable for such testing of mushrooms

ISSN:0149-6085    

DOI:10.1111/j.1745-4565.1983.tb00463.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Paraffin wax and mineral oil coatings were determined on a large number of domestic and imported fruits and vegetables by high‐temperature gas chromatography employing a Dexil 300 liquid phase with temperature programming up to 400°C. The surface coatings were removed from the foods by repeated dipping in chloroform. The chloroform extracts were concentrated and analyzed directly by gas chromatography. Identification of the waxes was made by comparison to known paraffin or mineral oil standards. Paraffin wax or mineral oil were found on squash, turnip, cucumber, sweet potatoes, egg plant, and most citrus frui

ISSN:0149-6085    

DOI:10.1111/j.1745-4565.1983.tb00464.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. capitata) was grown on soil (control) or municipal sewage sludge‐treated plots. The cabbage was freeze‐dried and analyzed for glucosinolate content and pattern. Results showed that cabbage grown on sludge‐amended soil contained only half the glucosinolate content of cabbage grown on the control plot. The pattern of individual glucosinolates present was also altered. The sludge‐grown cabbage glucosinolate extract was shown to be mutagenic in the non‐activated test system of S. typhimurium TA 100. Extracts of both sludge‐grown and control cabbage were shown to enhance the mutagenicity on a dose‐response basis of aflatoxin B1, benzo(a)pyren

ISSN:0149-6085    

DOI:10.1111/j.1745-4565.1983.tb00465.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Changes in the ultrastructure of Staphylococcus aureus 196E during heating at 50°C in 0.1 M phosphate buffer, and during repair in nutrient medium were studied using transmission electron microscopy. Injury was assessed by differential plating on tryptic soy agar (TSA) + 1% pyruvate and on TSA + 7% NaCl. Injury was>99% in the first 15 min. Mild aldehyde fixation or osmium tetroxide fixation gave good cellular preservation. The observation of ribosome‐free areas in all heated cells at all times (≥15 min) of injury is consistent with published reports that rRNA destruction is a primary locus of injury in heated bacteria. Cells heated 45 min or longer, as well as cells starved 1–2 h in buffer at 35°C, generated a variety of internal membranes, typically near the DNA region. At 90 and 120 min, extreme alterations of structure were apparent indicators of cell death. Cells heated 90 and 120 min had virtually no ribosomes, exaggerated internal membranes, and surface blebs. During repair of cells injured 30 min, the population assumed normal appearance in 4 h, although some cells clearly were incapable of repair. After 6 h, the number of cells undergoing division increased. The reappearance of normal ultrastructure paralleled regaining of salt tolerance in the

ISSN:0149-6085    

DOI:10.1111/j.1745-4565.1983.tb00466.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0149-6085    

DOI:10.1111/j.1745-4565.1983.tb00467.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY