摘要:

The self-association of alcohols and alkylphenols in hydrocarbon solutions, their association with extractants, especially with hydroxyoximes, and adsorption of modifiers at hydrocarbon/water interfaces in systems containing only modifiers and mixtures of modifiers and extractants are reviewed. Considering these processes, it is possible to successfully model metal extraction and to explain the modifier effects on the equilibrium and kinetics of metal extraction. The models for association of extractants with modifiers, their coadsorption at the liquid/liquid interfaces, and metal extraction with extractant-modifier mixtures are presented. Modifiers affect metal extraction both thermodynamically and kinetically by changing the concentration of the extractant active species and by blocking the interface that can be completely occupied by modifier-adsorbed molecules.

ISSN:1040-8347    

DOI:10.1080/10408349508050560

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1995

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

In an age when speed-driven automation is displacing a large proportion of the workforce, the analytical laboratory will not be spared cutbacks. The greatest potential gains in productivity, however, may be in changing corporate culture to best use the human talent available. This article demonstrates that conditions of high sample variability or low throughput are best handled through leveraging the human resources in the industrial analytical laboratory. The analytical laboratory of the future will be even more dynamic than that of the present, requiring an environment conducive to learning. Management techniques are discussed.

ISSN:1040-8347    

DOI:10.1080/10408349508050561

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1995

数据来源: Taylor