ISSN:0160-6891    

DOI:10.1002/nur.4770180503

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA preliminary quasi‐experimental, longitudinal study was conducted to explore differences in maternal mood states, self‐esteem, family functioning, maternal‐infant interaction, and home environment between mothers of preterm infants who participated in a nurse‐managed program of parent‐to‐parent support and those who served as a comparison group. Mothers who participated in the intervention scored significantly higher on the Barnard NCATS interaction measure and the HOME total scale and subscales of maternal responsiveness and organization (N= 58) at 12 months following discharge from a neonatal intensive care unit. Using repeated measures analysis for a subset of mothers (n= 32), there were significant differences between the two groups on the mood state anxiety‐tension (POMS) during the first 4 months postdischarge, with the treatment group having less anxiety. There was also a group by time interaction effect on self‐esteem during the first 4 months, with self‐esteem of the treatment group mothers increasing and comparison mothers decreasing. Findings suggest that one‐to‐one veteran parent support, in a nurse‐managed program, may influence maternal and maternal‐infant interaction outcomes.

ISSN:0160-6891    

DOI:10.1002/nur.4770180504

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA descriptive correlational design was used to identify the physiologic, therapeutic, and psychosocial determinants of leg ulcer healing in community‐residing older people with venous and venous‐arterial disease (N= 156). A regression model with healing rate as the dependent variable explained 49% of the variance. Increased pain when mobilizing, increased hours with limbs horizontal to the torso, and moderate and severe liposclerosis (hardening and induration of the skin) were associated with poorer healing rates. Higher wound status scores were associated with more rapid healing rates. Self‐efficacy beliefs and social support were not significant factors. The findings suggest the need for early detection and management of limb pain that interferes with normal mobility. Limb position and edema assessment prior to the application of compression bandages is recommended, with bandages that provide clients with high compression when ambulant and low compression when resting being potentially beneficial. ©1995 John Wiley&Son

ISSN:0160-6891    

DOI:10.1002/nur.4770180505

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractAffect instability, a core symptom of several major mental illnesses, contributes to high levels of subjective distress and impaired self‐care abilities. The findings of previous studies have shown that, in asymptomatic samples, the organizational properties of the self‐concept impact short‐term affect regulation. In this study, that work is extended to examine the association between the organizational properties of the self‐concept and instability of affect in adults with a major mental illness. Subjects were 19 adults with a major mental illness (clinical) and 10 asymptomatic adults. Zajonc's card‐sorting task was used to measure two organizational properties: (a) differentiation–the number of attributes included in the self‐concept, and (b) unity–the degree of interdependence among the attributes. An experience sampling procedure was used to obtain 50 measures of affect across a 10‐day period. The clinical group experienced more instability of negative affects than the asymptomatic group. Furthermore, the clinical group had lower differentiation and higher unity of the self‐concept than the asymptomatic controls, although both organizational properties were related to education. In the total sample, differentiation was not related to instability of affect. Unity accounted for 21% of the variance in instability of negative affect. ©1995

ISSN:0160-6891    

DOI:10.1002/nur.4770180506

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe symptoms of 58 pregnant couples–37 with a history of infertility and 21 without a history of infertility–were compared. The Symptomatology Inventory, a checklist of 42 common physical and psychological symptoms of pregnancy, was completed by each spouse from months 4 to 9 of pregnancy. For purposes of analysis, the individual symptoms were grouped into three categories: physical symptoms, negative affective symptoms, and positive affective symptoms. Although the infertile pregnant couples did not experience more symptoms than fertile couples, their pattern of reporting pregnancy‐related symptoms was quite different. In terms of both number and type of symptoms, infertile spouses' symptoms tended to be positively related. Compared to fertile couples, the infertile couples experienced symptoms globally and were more consistent in the number of symptoms reported by each spouse. Additional research is needed to confirm these findings and to determine the implications of these differences for childbearing and the marital relationship. ©1995 John Wiley&Son

ISSN:0160-6891    

DOI:10.1002/nur.4770180507

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe experience of pain within specific cultural groups has not been well studied. The purpose of this ethnographic study was to discover Mexican–American meanings, expressions, and care associated with pain. Data were obtained from 20 key and 14 general informants and analyzed using thematic and pattern analysis. Themes identified included: pain as encompassing experience of suffering; the obligation to bear pain and to endure it stoically; and the primacy of caring for others. Based on study findings, a beginning description of the cultural context is provided from which pain as experienced by Mexican–Americans can be understood and from which culturally competent nursing care can be designed. ©1995 John Wiley&Sons,

ISSN:0160-6891    

DOI:10.1002/nur.4770180508

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractGender and kinship were examined with regard to caregivers' use of informal and formal support and to two models of support (substitution or supplementation). Three groups of caregivers of a demented relative living at home–husbands, wives, and adult daughters–were compared on measures of both informal and formal support. The gender hypothesis deals with the similarities among caregivers of the same gender with respect to support. The kinship hypothesis refers to the similarities among caregivers having the same kinship with the carereceiver. The gender hypothesis was confirmed for informal informational support while the kinship hypothesis was supported for informal conflictual support. For most of the comparisons, the three groups of caregivers shared more similarities than differences. The interchangeability between informal and formal support seems to fall under the perspective of kinship because the daughter group is the only one where a model of supplementation was observed. ©1995 John Wiley&Sons,

ISSN:0160-6891    

DOI:10.1002/nur.4770180509

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe construction and validation of a residence‐based index of the degree of rurality are reported. The MSU Rurality Index is a locally normed index and assigns a quantitative measure of rurality to each participant in a study. Data required to compute the index are minimal; only two variables need be measured. Statistical analysis effort required to compute the index is somewhat more intensive than usual, but this tradeoff between data collection and data analysis seems sensible. Data collection is generally more expensive than data analysis. The two required variables, county population and distance to emergency care, are optimally transformed to achieve normality and weighted to achieve validity. A measure of departure from normality is automatically obtained while constructing the index. A positive score reflects a rural residence and a negative score reflects an urban residence relative to the group under study. A score of zero reflects average rurality. Reliability and construct validity were examined using two data sets. The MSU Rurality Index has high test–retest reliability, is appropriately related to a set of ordered categories concerning place of residence, and is as or more strongly related to these categories than alternative indices computed from distance or population alone. The validity of the MSU Rurality Index does not appear to be compromised by its parsimony. Even though the MSU Rurality Index is based on only two variables, it was found to be associated with various health care variables as strongly or more strongly than an 11 variable county‐based index developed in Texas. ©1995 John Wiley&Son

ISSN:0160-6891    

DOI:10.1002/nur.4770180510

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractMany of the measurement aspects of nursing research have been governed by rules regarding the minimum values of certain summary indexes (such as Cronbach's coefficient alpha and Cohen's kappa), the required numbers of subjects per item for factor analyses, and the like. In this article a case is made for violating these rules whenever the circumstances warrant such violations. ©1995 John Wiley&Sons, Inc

ISSN:0160-6891    

DOI:10.1002/nur.4770180511

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0160-6891    

DOI:10.1002/nur.4770180512

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY