ISSN:0160-6891    

DOI:10.1002/nur.4770160602

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe purpose of this analysis was to explore strain and depression among family caregivers of persons receiving chemotherapy for cancer using the Pearlin Stress Process Model. Seventy‐five family caregivers of persons receiving chemotherapy participated, completing the Caregiver Strain Index and the Depression Subscale of the Profile of Mood States within 3 weeks of the initiation of chemotherapy. Hierarchical regression analyses indicated that 44% of the variance in strain and 40% of the variance in depression were explained by the antecedent variables of caregiver age and gender, patient age and gender, patient functional status, the presence of recurrent disease, perceived efficacy of coping strategies, and perceived adequacy of social support. Further analysis aimed at delineating the mechanisms through which coping and social support operate in the model found no evidence for a moderating or stress‐buffering effect. However, coping mediated the relationship between strain and depression and social support mediated the relationship between functional status and depress

ISSN:0160-6891    

DOI:10.1002/nur.4770160603

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA test of the compensatory hierarchical model of social support sources was conducted in a sample of 80 older women with heart disease. Relationships of support sources to measures of psychological well‐being also were investigated. Emotional and tangible support sources fit the model with the exception that unmarried women without children named friends more often than extended family as emotional support sources. Receipt of emotional support from nonfamily members rather than from sources including family members was related to lower positive affect. Similarly, receipt of tangible support from nonfamily members rather than from sources including family members was related to less satisfaction with life. Factors that disrupt the family relationships of older women with illness are worthy of further exploratio

ISSN:0160-6891    

DOI:10.1002/nur.4770160604

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe effects of high ambient stressors (equipment sounds) and social stressors (conversation) on heart rate (HR) and blood pressure (BP) were examined in coronary care patients. Simultaneously occurring sound level in decibels, actual sound, electrocardiogram, and BP were recorded three times/day over 2 days for 20 subjects. Repeated measures ANOVA and pairwise comparisons revealed maximum HR to be significantly higher during conversation than during low ambient sounds (quiet). High ambient stressors did not affect HR for these subjects. BP did not significantly change during any of the sound conditions. Further research is needed to delineate cardiovascular effects of specific social stressors.

ISSN:0160-6891    

DOI:10.1002/nur.4770160605

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractStress has been documented as a critical factor in understanding a variety of health problems. This study was designed to examine the relationships between symptom severity and perceived stress in women with varying severity levels of premenstrual symptoms. Perceived stress was evaluated before and after menstruation in 104 women. Women who had high levels of premenstrual symptomatology demonstrated significantly greater perceived stress in the premenstrual phase compared to the postmenstrual phase, while women with low levels of premenstrual symptomatology showed no cycle‐phase differenc

ISSN:0160-6891    

DOI:10.1002/nur.4770160606

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA postpartum measure, What Being the Parent of a New Baby is Like, was administered to explore the development of maternal role for mothers (N= 76) at 1, 3, 4 1/2, and 6 months postpartum. Individual differences were relatively stable across time and accounted for much more variance than time effects. Mean scores on the Centrality (of baby) and Help (with parenting tasks) subscales decreased over time, and Evaluation (satisfaction with role performance) and Lifechange subscale scores increased. Primiparas demonstrated the steepest mean increase in Evaluation scores over time. Mean Evaluation scores for first‐(n= 29) and second‐time mothers (n= 33) were similar, but mothers of three or more children (n= 14) had significantly higher scores. Parity was also related inversely to amount of life change, and maternal education was related inversely to Evaluation and Centrality scores. Demographic, subscale, and contextual variable interrelationships were generally consistent with maternal role adaptation theory. Findings also suggest that parity effects are more complex than a dichotomous primipara/multipara representat

ISSN:0160-6891    

DOI:10.1002/nur.4770160607

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe purpose of this descriptive correlational study was to examine practicing nurses' attitudes, subjective norms, and intentions to care for HIV positive patients, using the Theory of Reasoned Action. One hundred and forty‐one subjects completed a questionnaire developed according to guidelines described by Ajzen and Fishbein (1980). Consistent with the theory, nurses' attitudes and subjective norms were found to be significant predictors of intentions to care for persons who are HIV positive (R2= 0.27). Personal beliefs found to discriminate between intenders and nonintenders were those related to possible consequences for self, family, and friends, but not job‐related consequences. Normative beliefs which discriminated between groups were also related to nonprofessional referents' expectations. In addition, qualitative data showed persistent concerns about occupational risk for contracting AIDS. Based on the results of this research, it is recommended that nurse educators in both clinical and academic settings, target specific educational/training interventions to include transmission, prevention, as well as exploration of feelings, attitudes, beliefs, and behavioral intentions about HIV‐related topics. Further theory‐based research and testing of interventions to change practicing nurses' attitudes and beliefs about HIV disease are ad

ISSN:0160-6891    

DOI:10.1002/nur.4770160608

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractUsing the job satisfaction model embedded in the Price‐Mueller nurse turnover model, the moderating effects of positive affectivity (PA) and negative affectivity (NA) on the relationships between the seven independent variables in the model and job satisfaction were examined. Multiple regression procedure was used to analyze data collected from 162 nursing employees of a 327‐bed Veterans Administration Medical Center. The major determinants of job satisfaction were found to be routinization, instrumental communication, and PA. The impact of participation, instrumental communication, integration, distributive justice on job satisfaction were found to be moderated by PA. NA moderated the impact of promotional opportunity on job satisfaction. These predictors, in conjunction with demographic variables, explained 45% of the variance of job satisfact

ISSN:0160-6891    

DOI:10.1002/nur.4770160609

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractSingle‐item indicators that ask respondents for their global rating of a specific concept are congruent with nursing's emphasis on wholism and individualism. They allow the subject to take personally salient features of the situation into account when providing a response. The psychometric performance of single‐item indicators in published research and in a sample data set using measures of the mother's choice and satisfaction with her employment decision support the validity and reliability of the measures, suggesting that these indicators deserve more attention in nursing research. Recommendations for the use of single‐item indicators are pro

ISSN:0160-6891    

DOI:10.1002/nur.4770160610

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0160-6891    

DOI:10.1002/nur.4770160611

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY