ISSN:0160-6891    

DOI:10.1002/nur.4770180302

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractTo determine the extent to which social support from the spouse and a health care provider (HCP) is associated with short‐ and long‐term recovery outcomes in individuals after a cardiac illness, 93 patients were interviewed 2 months (short‐term) after their event; 73 (78%) subjects responded to a follow‐up questionnaire 1 year later (long‐term). Tangible aid from the spouse was associated with better short‐term psychological recovery. Satisfaction with and more emotional support from the spouse were associated with better short‐ and long‐term psychological recovery outcomes. Greater satisfaction with HCP support was associated with patients' short‐ and long‐term physical recoveries. These results highlight the value of different sources and types of support as having differential effects on physical and psychological recovery outcomes. ©1995

ISSN:0160-6891    

DOI:10.1002/nur.4770180303

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA staged theoretical model designed to explain the quality of elder caring by family members was tested. The model posits how the situational context, interactional process, and caregiving burden perceived by the caregiver affect the quality of elder caring. The purpose was to determine the amount of variance explained by the interactional process beyond that explained by the situational context and caregiving burden. Data were collected from 209 elder‐caregiver dyads using interviews, observations, and caregiver self‐reports. The strongest predictors of caregiving burden were the caregiver's stressful negative life events (situational context) and discrepancy between past and present image of elder (interactional process). The strongest predictors of quality of elder caring were the caregiver's perception of subjective burden and a monitoring role definition on the part of the caregiver (interactional process). ©1995 John Wiley&Sons,

ISSN:0160-6891    

DOI:10.1002/nur.4770180304

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to investigate the contribution of reversal theory constructs (i.e., metamotivational states) to understanding the outcome of tempting situations thatoccur in the first 6 weeks of smoking cessation. Cessation program participants (N= 68) were interviewed about tempting situations in which they either smoked or maintained abstinence. Both independent groups and repeated measures analyses indicated that metamotivational state (serious and goal‐directed vs. playful and spontaneous) and cigarette availability significantly predicted outcome. Reversal theory constructs correctly predicted outcome of the tempting episode for 70% of the subjects, while cigarette availability was an accurate predictor for 74%. Metamotivational state and cigarette availability together predicted the outcome for 89% of the subjects. ©1995 John Wiley&Sons, I

ISSN:0160-6891    

DOI:10.1002/nur.4770180305

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to explore feminine and menstrual socialization, expectations about experiencing symptoms, and the stressful nature of women's lives among women with three perimenstrual symptom patterns. Social learning and stress theory provided a theoretical framework for understanding why some menstruating women experience premenstrual syndrome or premenstrual magnification symptom patterns. Data about socialization, stressful life context, expectations about symptoms, depressed mood, and other health‐related and demographic indicators were obtained from an interview. Subsequent daily recordings in a health diary for two or more menstrual cycles provided data with which to classify women's symptoms across the menstrual cycle as a low severity symptom (LS,n= 73), premenstrual syndrome (PMS,n= 36), or premenstrual magnification (PMM,n= 62) pattern. Stepwise discriminant function analysis demonstrated that stressful life context, menstrual socialization, and expectations about symptoms related to menstruation differentiated women with an LS from those with a PMS or PMM symptom pattern. In addition, depressed mood differentiated the three groups. ©1995 John Wiley&Sons, I

ISSN:0160-6891    

DOI:10.1002/nur.4770180306

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractAn estimated 9 million adults in this country may have had a near‐death experience (NDE), yet little research has been focused on the early aftermath of this extraordinary phenomenon. The purpose of this interpretive study was to appropriate and make visible how patients who had an NDE during a cardiac or respiratory arrest understood and experienced this early period of survival. Gadamerian hermeneutics (1975/1990) informed and guided the study. This interpretation demonstrates that NDEs and their early aftermath can be the positive, life‐enhancing experiences that the common lore and most research tend to depict, yet they can also be unpleasant and distressing experiences fraught with emotional pain and angst. ©1995 John Wiley&Sons,

ISSN:0160-6891    

DOI:10.1002/nur.4770180307

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe purpose of this cross‐sectional study was to examine the impact of the perceived quality of the parental relationship and family status on coping strategies, received support, and well‐being in adolescents from separated or divorced and married parents. Two hundred forty‐four matched adolescents from separated/divorced and married households were drawn from an initial sample of 1,044 students who were tested at five colleges and three high schools of a large metropolitan and rural area. Regression analyses supported the hypothesis that a perceived poor parental relationship, and not family status, was associated with low life satisfaction and sense of future, and high anxiety in adolescents of divorced and married households. Hierarchical regression techniques revealed that coping strategies and received support did not mediate the association between a perceived poor parental relationship and low levels of well‐being in adolescents from divorced and married households. The findings underscore the importance of intervening with adolescents within the context of their family relationships. ©1995 John Wiley&S

ISSN:0160-6891    

DOI:10.1002/nur.4770180308

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe purposes of this study were to determine the dimensionality of the revised UCLA Loneliness Scale for adolescents through factor‐analytic techniques, and to provide construct validity for the instrument by testing four theoretically derived hypotheses in 333 adolescents, ages 12 to 21. Using a prior criteria, a two‐factor structure, resulting from a principal components analysis with an orthogonal rotation, best represented the dimensionality of the instrument for adolescents. The two factors demonstrated acceptable coefficient alpha reliabilities. Evidence of construct validity for the total scale was provided by three statistically significant correlations found be264tween the scale and the theoretically relevant variables of future time perspective, close friend solidarity, and dependency. Contrary to expectation, slow tempo was not appreciably related to loneliness. The results support the use of the revised UCLA Loneliness Scale in future research concerning loneliness in adolescents. ©1995 John Wiley&Sons,

ISSN:0160-6891    

DOI:10.1002/nur.4770180309

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractPrevious investigators have identified residential differences in the job satisfaction of hospital nurses. However, the degree to which the greater job satisfaction of rural nurses can be generalized beyond hospitals to other work settings, including nursing homes, is unknown. The purpose of this research was to examine the job satisfaction of nurses (registered and licensed practical) employed in both rural and urban nursing homes. A total of 281 nurses from 26 participating nursing homes completed a mailed questionnaire that measured the personal and job‐specific characteristics of the nurses and the contextual properties of the facilities in which they worked. The data indicated no statistically significant differences in the overall job satisfaction, or on any of the five subscales of the instrument, between rural and urban nurses. However, a pooled multivariate model identified five factors that predicted the job satisfaction of nurses employed in long‐term care facilities: the employees' race and personal income; the employees' perception that their supervisor was interested in their career aspirations; the length of time that the nurses had intended to stay at the time of their hiring; and their current intent to leave. ©1995 John Wiley&Sons,

ISSN:0160-6891    

DOI:10.1002/nur.4770180310

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0160-6891    

DOI:10.1002/nur.4770180311

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY