摘要:

AbstractThe relationship of adolescent mothers' knowledge of infant development and perceptions of infant behavior to stress experienced during pregnancy were examined using a comparison group of adults of similar marital status. Relationships with maternal age across groups also were examined. Adolescents underestimated developmental rate and perceived some infant behaviors less optimally, but did not differ in levels of stress. Stress was related to several parenting subscores. Some support for a linear relationship with maternal age was found. Results suggest the need for further research to determine how level of maturity affects translation of knowledge into maternal action.

ISSN:0160-6891    

DOI:10.1002/nur.4770100303

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThree methods of recording mother‐child interaction were compared in a sample of 136 adolescent mothers with children ranging in age from 8 to 27 months. Mother‐child interaction was rated during in‐home observations using Barnard's Teaching Scale, Schaefer's Attachment Inventory, and Clarke‐Stewart's Rating Scales. The results indicate that each measure complements the other two, and that their interrelationships support the validity of the dimensions each describes. Yet, analyses indicate that they do not share common underlying factors. The findings suggest that each measure contributes to a more complete description of mother‐child in

ISSN:0160-6891    

DOI:10.1002/nur.4770100304

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractWomen's degree of participation, satisfaction, and change in health locus of control after giving birth in an alternative birthing unit was examined. A quasiexperimental two‐group design of convenience samples (N= 99) was used to compare differences and evaluate the care given. An alternative birthing experience increased women's sense of participation and related to women's satisfaction, but did not change internal scores on the Multidimensional Health Locus of Control Scales. Women's reliance on powerful others increased post delivery. Complications were negatively related to selected aspects of women's satisfaction in labor and delivery, but positively related to satisfaction with antepartal car

ISSN:0160-6891    

DOI:10.1002/nur.4770100305

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe results of clinical research provide information for improving patient care. Seldom can one profession conduct research in the clinical setting without communicating with other professionals affected by the research protocol. When informed consent is obtained from the patient, an investigator may think that sufficient communication to all parties affected by a study has occurred. To conceptualize interactions observed between two professions, (i.e., nursing and medicine), five patterns are proposed: blocking research, hidden research, dumping research, negotiated research, and collaborative research.The patterns are associated with various amounts or types of communication about research. Each description of a pattern contains (a) an example of the interactions possible in that model, (b) a set of assumptions that underlie those interactions, and (c) a number of potential outcomes. The interactions described are real occurrences with some details changed to prevent identification of individuals or institutions. These examples of research interactions occurred at several institutions. The outcomes listed are not all possible at the same time, but are a compilation of a number of outcomes that could occur.

ISSN:0160-6891    

DOI:10.1002/nur.4770100306

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to develop and test the Verran and Snyder‐Halpern (VSH) Sleep Scale, an instrument to subjectively measure sleep characteristics. Four major sleep factors and their associated characteristics were proposed for the Sleep Scale. Subjects completed three randomly ordered sleep questionnaires on three consecutive weekday mornings within the first two hours after arising. Scales included the VSH Sleep Scale, a sleep questionnaire and a sleep log. The VSH Sleep Scale had a reliability coefficient of .82 (theta). Construct validity was examined by factor analysis and correlations between Sleep Scale items and corresponding items on the two other study instruments. Scale validity also was assessed by the known groups method. Beginning support for the validity of the VSH Sleep Scale is provide

ISSN:0160-6891    

DOI:10.1002/nur.4770100307

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractAlthough low back pain (LBP), a major problem for nurses, is presumed to be caused by the physical demands of work, little scientific information supports this view. In this study, registered nurses were surveyed regarding LBP, demographics, medical history, exercise, and work variables. Univariate and multivariate analyses indicated previous LBP or back pain in another location of the spine were strongly associated with LBP during the study year. Aerobic dance exercise was less strongly associated. In contrast, lifting patients was only weakly associated, and other occupational variables not at all. Although results must be interpreted cautiously in light of study limitations, the findings suggest that factors unrelated to work may be more important to LBP than previously thought.

ISSN:0160-6891    

DOI:10.1002/nur.4770100308

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe purpose of the study was to determine if the tensing portion of progressive relaxation initiates the Valsalva response in order to establish the safety of the procedure for acutely ill cardiovascular patients. Sixty healthy adult volunteers performed fist, chest, and abdominal tensing and relaxation while their heart rate was continuously monitored. Occurrence of the Valsalva response was determined by dividing peak tachycardia during tensing by maximum bradycardia during releasing the tension. A Valsalva ratio greater than 1.5 indicated presence of the Valsalva response. Forty‐three percent of the sample exhibited the Valsalva response. Thus, progressive relaxation should not be used with acutely ill cardiovascular patient

ISSN:0160-6891    

DOI:10.1002/nur.4770100309

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to quantify and classify errors in reference lists of randomly selected, recently published issues of nursing journals (n= 17) and to assess whether these errors prevented retrieval of the cited documents. Randomly selected references, 65 from clinical journals and 47 from non‐clinical journals, were compared to the original sources for accuracy. Errors were classified as minor (not preventing retrieval) and major (preventing retrieval). Errors occurred more frequently in references in clinical journals, 38.4% of those reviewed, as compared to 21.3% in of non‐clinical journals. Additionally, 4.6% of the clinical references contained major errors, but no major errors were located in references from the non‐clinical journals. These findings have implications for all re

ISSN:0160-6891    

DOI:10.1002/nur.4770100310

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe purpose of this research was twofold. First, to determine if eight Multidimensional Health Locus of Control types hypothesized by Wallston and Wallston (1982) existed. Second, to assess the reliability, validity, and clinical utility of the control types. Two investigations were conducted based on research procedures designed for the discovery of clusters. The first study involved the derivation and replication of MHLC clusters with a sample of 400 healthy undergraduate men and women. The results of Study 1 suggested the existence of six MHLC clusters: (a) pure internal; (b) double external; (c) pure chance; (d) yea sayer; (e) nay sayer, and (f) believer in control. The sample for Study 2 consisted of 90 female undergraduate and graduate students. The six‐cluster solution was replicated in this second cross‐validation study. Furthermore, construct validity of the clusters was established through computer simulation. Finally, relationships between clusters and the Krantz Health Opinion Survey suggested the clusters have a theoretical as well as a empirical foundation. The implications of these findings for clinical practice, for the development of the health locus of control construct, and for future research on the MHLC Scale are discus

ISSN:0160-6891    

DOI:10.1002/nur.4770100311

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to compare nurse managers and nonmanagers in their orientations to power and in their communication styles. A complementary purpose was to examine the relationship between six orientations to power and social style. Fortyseven hospitals were randomly selected with 43 used for analysis. The director of nursing and a staff nurse from each hospital were asked to complete the Power Orientation Scale and to obtain ratings from others on their social style. Nurse administrators held more positive orientations to three of the six power orientations, and were perceived to communicate more assertively than staff nurses. Negative correlations were found between four of the power orientations and two dimensions of social style.

ISSN:0160-6891    

DOI:10.1002/nur.4770100312

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY