摘要:

AbstractIn this exploratory study, nursing inferences were examined within a framework of information processing theory. Verbal responses to a patient simulation by 28 nursing students and 15 practicing nurses were used as data. Six different categories of inferences were identified. Inferences most frequently activated across educational levels were those about immediate situational concerns. Practicing nurses activated significantly more complex inferences than the student groups. In each group, the majority of inferences were activated during the first half of the encounter. These results of this preliminary analysis support the proposition that inference activation is an important component of the diagnostic reasoning process used by both nurses and nursing students.

ISSN:0160-6891    

DOI:10.1002/nur.4770090403

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to evaluate the construct validity, generalizability, and interrater reliability of an instrument designed to measure the complexity of nursing care in the ambulatory care setting. The conceptual framework for the development of the classification instrument was adapted from a theory of organizations and is based upon knowledge technology. Previous research using the Delphi methodology delineated 44 activity categories for the classification instrument. These categories were organized under six literature‐based responsibility areas. The instrument was tested in seven areas of one hospital‐based ambulatory care setting. A total of 641 valid patient ratings were used for the analysis. Results indicate the instrument has beginning construct validity and high interrater reliability with training. It is not generalizable across services unless the effect of clinic type on nursing care complexity is conside

ISSN:0160-6891    

DOI:10.1002/nur.4770090404

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0160-6891    

DOI:10.1002/nur.4770090405

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe relationship between perceived stress and symptom patterns was investigated in 136 seventh and eighth grade boys and girls. Affective‐oriented coping and social support, two variables hypothesized as mediators of this relationship, were examined also. Participants completed the Modified Adolescent Life Change Events Questionnaire, the Jalowiec Coping Scale, the PRQ‐A Social Support System, and the Symptom Pattern Scale. As predicted, the positive relationship between perceived stress and symptom patterns decreased when controlling for affective‐oriented coping, while it increased when controlling for social support. Implications for nursing practice and further theory development are disc

ISSN:0160-6891    

DOI:10.1002/nur.4770090406

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractIndicators of the environment of doctoral programs in nursing were examined in relationship to productivity. Student and faculty perceptions of the academic program environment were correlated with outcome measures of productivity for both faculty and alumni. Twenty‐five of the 29 eligible doctoral programs in nursing participated in the study; results are based on the responses of 326 faculty, 659 students, and 296 alumni. Environmental and productivity indicators were primarily measured by the Graduate Program Self‐Assessment (GPSA) instruments developed by Educational Testing Service (ETS) for studying dimensions of quality in doctoral education. Significant relationships were found between faculty perceptions of the environment's scholarly excellence, available resources, and student commitment and motivation and faculty productivity. Students consistently viewed the environment more positively when greater percentages of the faculty were at the associate, rather than the assistant, professor level. There was minimal relationship between faculty and student perceptions of the environment and alumni productiv

ISSN:0160-6891    

DOI:10.1002/nur.4770090407

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to develop a survey instrument to measure coping responses in working mothers. Coping responses were defined as efforts to prevent, avoid, or control emotional distress. Based on interviews literature review, and a survey of existing instruments, items were developed to measure these three functions of coping behaviors. The instrument was distributed to 133 married mothers who worked at least 15 hours per week outside the home; response rate was 93%.Nine subscales to measure coping responses in working mothers were identified. Alpha reliability coefficients for the subscales range from 65–90. Construct validity of the subscales was investigated by examining specified relationships between subscale scores and role strain measures. All but one of the subcaes were significantly correlated in the predicted direction with at least one of the role strain measures.The final instrument, the Coping Responses Inventor (CRI), is comprised of 59 Likert format items from which nine subscale scores can be calculated. Some aspects of the reliability and validity of this instrument have been investigated, but confirmation of the findings await further study. Potential uses of the CRI are 1) as an instrument in survey research and 2) as an exploratory tool in counseling interventions with employed women with childre

ISSN:0160-6891    

DOI:10.1002/nur.4770090408

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe purposes of this study were to describe health behavior of the elderly and to explore the determinants and health consequences of that behavior, using survey data from 386 respondents (138 men, 248 women), 55 years of age and older. These elderly persons engaged in a wide variety of activities to protect their health, the most important of which were eating properly, obtaining adequate rest, and exercising. By multiple regression analysis, age, sex, socioeconomic status, and marital status explained only 7.2% of the variance in health protective behavior. Of those variables, sex had the greatest association with health protective behavior and age the least. Married men, but not married women, practiced more health behaviors than their unmarried counterparts. Health protective behavior was not related to overall health status, but was weakly related to perceived health. The lack of association between health protective behavior and health status is interpreted in terms of the nature of the population examined.

ISSN:0160-6891    

DOI:10.1002/nur.4770090409

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractBereaved, property loss, and control groups (N = 155) studied 11 months following the 1980 volcanic eruption of Mt. St. Helens were recontacted 35 months postdisaster to test the hypotheses that the greater the loss experienced, the higher the stress, and the poorer the health. In general, the hypotheses were suppored. Even though mental distress decreased between the two data collection periods the mental health of the bereaved group remained poorer than both the property loss and control groups. At 3 years postdisaster, only 4% of the study participants repored complete recovery from disaster loss. Findings are compared with those of other recent disasters and clinical and theoretical implications are discussed.

ISSN:0160-6891    

DOI:10.1002/nur.4770090410

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractCapsular contracture, the condition wherein fibrous tissue encapsulates the implanted silastic gel prosthesis used in breast augmentation, remains the most frequent complication in surgical enlargement of the small breast. Since the condition is a natural, woundhealing response to an implanted foreign body, management of the problem must be geared to the modification of this response. Expansion exercises, manual manipulation of the affected breast tissue for controlling capsule formation, was evaluated. Results showed that subjects who did not use expansion exercises had a higher incidence of capsular contracture than the subjects who did.

ISSN:0160-6891    

DOI:10.1002/nur.4770090411

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe purpose of this 3‐year longitudina study was to determine if nursing students' self‐care attitudes change after being socallized through a curriculum based on Orem's Self‐Care Deficit Theory. The sample cons sted of 40 baccalaureate nursing students and 71 general university students who served as a control group. Pretest‐posttest design was used employing the Linn‐Lewis Self‐Care Attitude Scale. On initial testing, nursing students had more positive attitudes toward self‐care than the general university students, but the results were not significant. At the completion of the nursing curriculum, analysis of covariance on posttest mean scores indicated nursing students had significantly higher self‐care

ISSN:0160-6891    

DOI:10.1002/nur.4770090412

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY