摘要:

The purpose of this study was to look at the networks of social support available for mothers during pregnancy and childbirth Another concern was to describe mothers' experiences of labour and the connections of social support with those experiences The data were collected through the use of two questionnaires submitted to 200 mothers recruited from Tampere University Hospital Both instruments ‐ Norbeck's Social Support Questionnaire and a scale designed by the author ‐ were based on Kahn's (1979) theory of social support The mothers reported an average of seven support persons each Most typically, these were the mother's spouse or partner and close friends and relatives The network of social support is a major source of emotional support, aid and affirmation for the mothers During labour the main source of emotional support for mothers was the midwife For the vast majority (85%) of the mothers, childbirth was a positive experience A significant association was found between the emotional support provided by midwives and mothers' positive experiences of childb

ISSN:0309-2402    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2648.1996.tb03137.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The role of social support in promoting recovery from chronic illness has been the focus of a debate within the nursing and social science research communities This paper reviews the literature on this important issue and discusses the implications for patient management In providing holistic patient care, health care professionals need to reflect on the impact of this research for their clinical practice

ISSN:0309-2402    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2648.1996.tb03138.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This study was designed to explore the daily lived experiences of a group of employed, low‐income Mexican women in their maternal and spousal roles The participants were 41 auxiliary nurses recruited from two large urban hospitals in Mexico Data were collected through the Women's Roles Interview Protocol (WRIP), which solicited the participants' perceptions of the satisfactions and stresses they experienced in then: roles as mothers and spouses, and their descriptions of the coping strategies and the resources they used to deal with stressful life experiences related to these roles Data analysis consisted of a qualitative thematic analysis of the narrative responses to open‐ended questions in the WRIP Satisfying aspects of the maternal and spousal roles, as identified by the participants, included giving to and receiving from their children and being valued and supported by their partners Spousal approval of their work was also satisfying These employed mothers, however, experienced many stressful aspects of functioning in multiple roles, including lack of resources, being absent from their children, self‐doubt about their maternal role functioning, role overload and spousal absences The women coped by juggling priorities and utilizing family resources From the data analysis, the investigators developed a conceptual framework for understanding these women's experiences with parenting and marriage The centrality of the family, a sense of value and empowerment as women in maternal and spousal roles, and the reality of role overload are discussed within the Mexican cu

ISSN:0309-2402    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2648.1996.tb03139.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The traditional hospital‐based approach to Australian nurse education curricula was primarily based on the medical model and directed towards the preparation of nurses who were able to give care to individual clients The major focus was on the needs of the individual A notable absence in curricula was any consideration of the role or importance of families to individual and family health This was despite the continuing involvement that nurses have in their practice with the families of their clients This paper describes the experiences of introducing a family nursing subject in an undergraduate, preregistration nursing programme which focuses on the family as a unit of care Educational strategies, clinical experiences, and evaluation of the unit of study are discuss

ISSN:0309-2402    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2648.1996.tb03140.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Childhood accidental injuries are a major public health problem, whether measured in terms of morbidity or mortality, and accident prevention is subsequently a priority issue The Accident and Emergency Notification System to health visitors provides them with vital information and statistics with which to plan accident prevention work, both on an individual basis or in group work This small study aimed to look at this system from the health visitor's perspective and explore the action taken The grounded theory approach was used to uncover the processes used by the health visitors Data were collected using unstructured interviews and by writing notes These were transcribed on the same day as recorded Nine categories were identified and an analysis of the processes involved when receiving the notification slip is presented The categories included‘knowing the family’,‘age and development’,‘pressure of work’and‘gut feeling/extra sensory perception’This study is a small contribution to our understanding of the processes involved in everyday health v

ISSN:0309-2402    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2648.1996.tb03141.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Health promotion is gaining widespread recognition throughout the world as the most efficacious practice in achieving health for all In Canada, the philosophy of health promotion is driving both federal and provincial health initiatives Such a philosophy is derived from a human science paradigm and is in direct opposition to the natural science paradigm from which the biomedical approach to health care emerged There now exists a tension between these contrasting paradigms as health care shifts to embrace a health‐promotion perspective The nursing process is based in the natural science paradigm and on a biomedical approach to health care In order for nurses to embrace health promotion fully, they must move away from the philosophy of the natural sciences and adopt a human science perspective Such a shift requires a radical transformation in nursing practice as nurses move away from the‘top‐down’approach of the nursing process and adopt a‘bottom‐up’approach to health‐promoting nursing practice The purpose of this paper is to compare and contrast the nursing process with the principles of health promotion, and to challenge our use of the nursing process in current nursing practice In particular, a framework for health‐promoting nursing practic

ISSN:0309-2402    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2648.1996.tb03142.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Nurses are in a position of power over their clients Power is reflected by status and clients, like all other people, have status relative to their social situation Terms of address are one of the ways that status and solidarity are demonstrated They are selected on the basis of the perceived status of the nurse and client, and the solidarity of the relationship There is a tension between solidarity and status that can cause nurses to select inappropriate terms of address or referring pronouns The nurse may choose terms of address to increase solidarity in the relationship, for example, to show empathy with the client's apparent vulnerable condition By increasing solidarity the client's status may seem to be diminished Clients may have to submit to many invasive, painful, embarrassing or humiliating experiences at the nurse's request Many of these situations are beyond ordinary acceptable behaviour outside the clinical context Distress to clients is minimized if they retain as much control as possible and one way keeping a certain amount of control is by maintaining their status In making a selection of terms of address and pronouns, the nurse must consider the delicate nuances of the options available so that the status of the client is not compromised This paper discusses the options available in selecting terms of address and referring pronouns, and the sociological implications of those choices

ISSN:0309-2402    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2648.1996.tb03143.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The nursing process has achieved predominance, if not pre‐eminence, in nursing Concurrent with critical scholarly evaluation of the philosophical foundations of nursing, vigorous critiques of the nursing process have emerged The critiques are wide‐ranging and varied, and question the philosophical commitments, stage of development, components, focus and consequences of using the nursing process However, the arguments are marred by dualistic dichotomous thinking and a lack of definitional clarity The critiques fail to discriminate between questions arising from the administrative implementation of the nursing process and questions regarding its theoretical value Clarification of the definition, description and purpose of the nursing process is essential to rigorous critique and to further development Given the pervasive use of the nursing process and the need for process theory in nursing, it seems most productive to develop the nursing process more fully and m congruence with contemporary philosophies of nur

ISSN:0309-2402    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2648.1996.tb03144.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This paper descrihes the process and outcomes of a study to develop a tool to measure nurses' knowledge of palhative care The development of the palhative care quiz for nursing (PCQN) entailed the convening of an advisory committee, a wide process of consultation, the development of a conceptual firamework, determination of format, generating of items and pre‐testing, piloting and further testing of the quiz The PCQN is a 20‐item true, false and 'I don't know' test of knowledge that is easily administered and has utility for assessing knowledge, stimulating discussion and identifying misconceptions ahout palliative care nur

ISSN:0309-2402    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2648.1996.tb03106.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Nursing, over the past 2 decades, has been concerned with the development of theories which will inform practice and help to establish nursing as an emerging discipline The view that the individual is a biopsychosocial being has occupied a prominent position in the existing catalogue of nursing theories The literature reveals that, although some existing theories do acknowledge that humans do have the advantage of a spiritual dimension, very little significant work appears to have been done in this area This paper explores some of the difficulties in arriving at a definition of spirituality and goes on to examine the extent to which nursing theories incorporate the concept of spirituality Additionally, nurse education does not appear to prepare practitioners adequately to meet the spiritual needs of patients The paper concludes with a discussion of the potential for meeting the spiritual needs of patients in the context of the changes occurring in the British National Health Service

ISSN:0309-2402    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2648.1996.tb03145.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY