ISSN:0309-2402    

DOI:10.1046/j.1365-2648.1993.18030339.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0309-2402    

DOI:10.1046/j.1365-2648.1993.180303435.x

出版商:Blackwell Science Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0309-2402    

DOI:10.1046/j.1365-2648.1993.180303439.x

出版商:Blackwell Science Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This paper reports on an integrative review of the research literature published between 1983 and 1991 that focused on identifying the determinants of a health‐promoting lifestyle Twenty‐three studies were reviewed, six of which were concerned with children and adolescents and the remaining 17 with adults A meta‐analysis of correlations for each study determinant was conducted using the Pandora System Results indicated that self‐efficacy was the strongest predictor of a health‐promoting lifestyle, followed by social support, perceived benefits, self‐concept, perceived barriers and health definition The most frequently studied determinants were not the best predictors of a health‐promo

ISSN:0309-2402    

DOI:10.1046/j.1365-2648.1993.18030345.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

A research project, which looks at the value of health education in the prevention of childhood asthma, is described The project was a controlled trial by a health visitor focused within the community This exploratory research looked at three groups of children over a 2‐year period, and compared the effect of (a) individual health education, and (b) group health education During the first year, two groups were active, one receiving individual health education, the other collecting data of the same type During the second year, a third group was involved in health education sessions The findings have been similar in both cases, in that both groups have demonstrated a good improvement in knowledge of asthma and its treatment Through the active involvement of using a peakflow meter and diary records in the health education programme, both groups receiving health education have shown a significant improvement in the morbidity indicators related to night symptoms and restricted activities The qualitative analysis of the research also highlighted the value parents of asthmatic children place on counselli

ISSN:0309-2402    

DOI:10.1046/j.1365-2648.1993.18030354.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Clients suffering from the fasting and gorging syndromes of anorexia and bulimia nervosa are at significant risk of self‐harm even if treated with apparent success in hospital Two major issues (not inevitably co‐existing) appear to be at work in these illnesses, distorted perception by the sufferer of his or her own body appearance and stressful interpersonal relationships originating in one of a variety of groups of which the sufferer is a member (Fear of psychosexual maturity, that is, the clients’ inability to develop an age‐appropriate sexual identity, is treated in this paper as being the product of faulty interactional patterns, it is also a less clear‐cut issue in bulimia nervosa than in anorexia) A supervised hospital in‐patient treatment regime concentrating upon weight gain, effective discouragement of purgation and vomiting, possible drug treatment and perhaps dual or independent usage of individual or group psychotherapy with focused cognitive–behavioural task‐oriented approaches, will not realize effective change unless these issues are resolved Community psychiatric nurses (CPNs) are well‐placed to observe and supervise people with eating disorders who are potentially vulnerable to relapse following discharge from hospital Strategies for effective CPN interventions in the community care of anorectic and bulimic clients are sugg

ISSN:0309-2402    

DOI:10.1046/j.1365-2648.1993.18030364.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The Elderly Screening Survey was carried out in 1990 as a follow‐up to a similar study completed by the Centre for the Study of Primary Care in 1988 The aim of these two studies was to look at national differences in the types of screening programmes for elderly people and, specifically, to look at who carries out these programmes The Elderly Screening Studies of 1988 and 1990 can be located within the ongoing debates about screening In particular, given the implications of the general practitioner contract arrangements, these studies provide information on the discussion about the role and involvement of community nurses in screening older people The results suggest that screening programmes for this age group had become more tailored to ‘age‐related need’ in 1990 as compared to 1988 In 1990, districts were more likely to employ a wider variety of nursing personnel in carrying out screening schedules Furthermore, it was evident that more districts were employing district nurses and practice nurses to implement screening assessments than in 1988 Attention is drawn to the lack of guidelines at district level on screening activities The need to re‐assess training provision particularly for practice nurses is h

ISSN:0309-2402    

DOI:10.1046/j.1365-2648.1993.18030371.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The strength of an insulin‐dependent, diabetic (IDDM) person's sense of coherence (SOC), conceptualized according to Antonovsky's salutogenetic model, was related to patterns of problem‐solving and to emotional coping strategies These personal SOC scores were also related to reported positive experiences, problems in daily life, problems in relation to the environment, worries about long‐term complications, tedium and well‐being which had been measured 5 years earlier In the entire IDDM group the mean score for the SOC was 143 There was a significant correlation between the SOC scores and coping patterns (Z – 2053,P<0 04) The subgroup labelled ‘experts’ had the highest SOC scores There were also significant correlations between the SOC scores and problems in relation to the environment (r– 0 08,P0 03), tedium (r– 0 69P0 01) and well‐being (r– 0 64,P0 02) There were no correlations between the SOC scores and metabolic control, reported experiences that the disease had positively influenced the diabetic person's life, problems in daily life, or worries about long‐term complications It was concluded that a sense of coherence seems an important factor which contributes to successful emotional coping with the demands of the disease As subjective health is an important nursing goal the salutogenic model appears to have potential utility in the care

ISSN:0309-2402    

DOI:10.1046/j.1365-2648.1993.18030381.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Benner's model of skill acquisition is currently receiving considerable interest from nurse educationalists, and promises to form the basis for some curricula offered by colleagues of nurse education This paper debates the ‘novice to expert’ model and seeks to explain exactly what an ‘expert’ is The Benner model proposes that one component of expertise is workmg from an intuitive base This claim is disputed and the definition of intuition is contested Alternative explanations to account for the intuitive responses of Bermer's subjects are su

ISSN:0309-2402    

DOI:10.1046/j.1365-2648.1993.18030387.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

There has been an almost exponential increase in the number of clinical areas using primary nursing as a mode for delivering nursing care Concurrently, the amount of written material pertaining to primary nursing has grown In this paper, a small sample of this literature is reviewed Most of the literature can be seen as either descriptive or as evaluative research Many of the papers reviewed have methodological weaknesses, also the findings are equivocal about the advantages and the nature of primary nursing A major problem appears to be that the basic tenets, beliefs and values of primary nursing have not been systematically investigated, thus attempts to evaluate primary nursing without such a philosophical analysis may be misdirected This paper argues that such an analysis (a) is now necessary, (b) requires a qualitative research approach to generate theory, and (c) that a grounded theory methodology is the most appropriate way to do this A preliminary field study is briefly described and the generated data discussed

ISSN:0309-2402    

DOI:10.1046/j.1365-2648.1993.18030394.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY