ISSN:0309-2402    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2648.1987.tb01366.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

For many years the nursing profession in the United Kingdom has sought ways of improving the education of nurses. The present article explores some of the issues surrounding the recent proposals for an alternative to the long‐standing apprenticeship system, namely that of moving basic nurse education into institutions of higher education. In particular, it focuses upon and explores the views of clinical nurse teachers and nurse tutors. In order to provide an historical context, the article begins by outlining the history of nurse education over the last century with reference to the various reports that have been published throughout the period. Before discussing the results of a questionnaire completed by those currently involved in the training and education of nurses, the article also considers the experience of other countries where collegiate education for nurses has been introduce

ISSN:0309-2402    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2648.1987.tb01367.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

For a person with a chronic illness, life is altered in some way. Whether simple or complex, changes are nevertheless permanent. A patient with a chronic disease assesses recommended treatments on how well they can be integrated into his life. Evidence suggests that an individual's perception of his situation will determine whether or not he will comply with a medical regimen. Health professionals neglect the patient's point of view if they believe that patients regard the health professional as an absolute authority, thereby contributing to non‐ compliance. The contingency contract provides a model of patient‐provider transaction, which requires input from both parties. The health professional can work with the person to make the medical regimen compatible with the individual's lifest

ISSN:0309-2402    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2648.1987.tb01368.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

In 47 patients admitted to the coronary care unit (CCU) at Sahlgren's Hospital in Göteborg, Sweden, due to acute myocardial infarction (MI) the intensity of pain independently assessed by the patient and by the nurse on duty was evaluated during the first 24 hours in CCU. Pain was assessed according to a modified numerical rating scale graded from 0‐10, where 0 meant no pain and 10 meant the most severe pain. A positive correlation between the patients’ and nurses’ assessments was found (r = 0‐76; P<0‐001). However, the nurses under‐estimated the patients’ pain in 23% of the situations and over‐estimated it in 20%. Over‐estimation was particularly found when heart rate and blood pressure increased. Many patients scoring their pain to fairly high degrees were not given pain‐relieving treatment. Treatment with morphine did not cause substantial pain relief in a substantial number of patients. A significantly positive correlation was found between the patients’ and nurses’ assessments of pain, although underestimation as well as over‐estimation occurred. A few patients with severe pain were not treated and when treatment was give

ISSN:0309-2402    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2648.1987.tb01369.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This paper describes the results of a research project investigating activity levels and consumer perceptions at two contrasting day hospitals for the elderly. Day hospitals traditionally function on a medical model with an important emphasis placed on treatment and discharge. Their claim to provide a therapeutic regime has been questioned however, the suggestion being that there are higher levels of such activities in day centres. The results of this study demonstrate that activity levels at day hospitals are far higher than previous research indicates but that the emphasis on discharge is contrary to the expressed needs of the majority of consumers. In view of the prevailing demographic trends the paper concludes with suggestions for service innovation with specific reference to the role of the nursing profession.

ISSN:0309-2402    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2648.1987.tb01370.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The American Hospital Association‘Patient's Bill of Rights’ encourages greater disclosure of medical information to patients. However, the‘Bill of Rights’ and conventional hospital practice centre responsibility for disclosure on physicians. The standing of nurses with regard to disclosure of information remains unclear. Many features ofthe nursing role indicate nurses could participate more fully in disclosure. A questionnaire exploring issues of disclosure by nurses was circulated to senior nursing students and fourth‐year medical students. The 28 nursing respondents and 28 medical respondents differed significantly on 20 of the 87 items. In 15 of these, nursing students clearly showed more support than medical students for an active nursing role in disclosure, informed consent, expressing professional opinions, and patients’ decision‐making. A more active role by nurses in disclosing information may support increased patient participation in de

ISSN:0309-2402    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2648.1987.tb01371.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The interview that the nurse completes with a patient on his admission to hospital may be seen as one more negotiated step within a patient career that may span many years. Nevertheless, the nurse's assessment of the patient marks a key point in this career, his entry into a formal institution. It also marks the starting point of a planned intervention on the part ofthe nurses involved. Whilst such interviews have traditionally not been seen as important as that with the consultant, they are likely to have a significant effect upon how patient and nurse subsequently interact. This paper describes a research project which sought to identify the ways in which student nurses formulate an assessment of a patient on admission. A qualitative research methodology was used and a symbolic interactionist perspective employed.

ISSN:0309-2402    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2648.1987.tb01372.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Patient compliance in alcoholism treatment remains an under‐researched topic. Some factors as to why patients comply to treatment have been studied but the intervention of nursing staff who work in the community has not been extensively researched. This study looks at the effect, if any, of having community psychiatric nurses following up a randomly‐selected group of new patients referred to the Withington Hospital Alcoholism Treatment Unit. This study looks at the involvement of community psychiatric nurses in their initial treatm

ISSN:0309-2402    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2648.1987.tb01373.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Indwelling urethral catheters are used for the long‐term management of intractable urinary incontinence or bladder outlet obstruction with resultant retention of urine. There are welldescribed problems associated with their use including urinary tract infections and mechanical problems. Urinary tract infections have been well researched, however mechanical problems associated with blockage of the catheter lumen due to encrustation, leakage of urine and general discomfort, have been the least investigated. To date, there has been no research of patients’ views, understanding or feelings in relation to their catheters. This paper comprises a preliminary investigation of patients’ understanding and knowledge of their catheter's location and function, its acceptance, problems associated with its use, social implications and its subsequent management. Thirty‐six patients from the community of one health district were surveyed. It was concluded that an indwelling catheter is a prosthesis which, to be successful, requires adequate patient education and management. Education of the patient and carers is particularly important since an understanding of the catheter and its function will lead to better acceptance of the device and will enable better management of the urine drainage

ISSN:0309-2402    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2648.1987.tb01374.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Quality assurance (QA) is being hailed as a ‘new frontier’ of nursing. Its diffusion into nursing theory and practice in the United Kingdom is outlined. QA is not an alien import; favourable preconditions already existed. The systems‐reasoning of the nursing process, which sprawned a plethora of models, each geared to the ‘orderly’ progression of stages, objectives and process, is resonant with the values and measurement techniques of QA. A major limitation of QA is that it downplays the organizational complexity of hospitals. Although QA is projected as being in the service of clients, its major impetus is concerned with professional self‐defence, as regards other professions, the state and litigious clients. Further, QA enlisted by nursing strongly reproduces the ethos and logic of the dominant medical model; patients are ‘objectified’ as the technical products of production. The ‘medical gaze’ is now being joined with

ISSN:0309-2402    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2648.1987.tb01375.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY