ISSN:0309-2402    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2648.1990.tb01884.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0309-2402    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2648.1990.tb01885.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This paper examines changes in health care workers’ perceptions of AIDSaccruing from attempts at professional enlightenment Based upon a 4‐month study of 60 registered nurses enrolled in a bachelor of nursing programme, it investigates alterations in knowledge and attitudes resulting from intense instruction on AIDS and AIDS patient care as part of a class in epidemiology Contrary to what much of the literature has suggested to this point regarding knowledge enhancement and attitudinal transformation, the research reveals a number of positive changes to have occurred over the period of thestudy Not only were the nurses better informed about AIDS than previously, but their attitudes towards the disease and patient care had become considerably more lib

ISSN:0309-2402    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2648.1990.tb01886.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Comparatively little is known about how patients with advanced cancer cope with palliative chemotherapy This study uses grounded theory to analyse the coping responses of 24 women with advanced breast or ovarian cancer Half the sample received chemotherapy at home, and the remainder were treated in hospital The results suggest that four predominant coping styles are used, think positive/fighter (n = 8), acceptance (n = 8), fearfulness (n = 5) and hopelessness (n = 3) In addition, a range of coping strategies that reduced the threat of chemotherapy are identified. The findings have implications for the provision of quality patient care in palliative therapy, especially in relation to individualizing patient education

ISSN:0309-2402    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2648.1990.tb01887.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The need of the functionally disabled for nursing care is a primary rationale for institutionalization in long‐term care settings However, maintenance of the self‐care abilities that nursing home residents retain is an important component of their quality of life Nurses are in an important position to encourage and sustain residents’ abilities to participate in their care Nevertheless, without specifying the role of the resident in care, nursing interventions may inadvertently reinforce dependency and apathy at the expense of autonomy, control and well‐being Data from nursing home care records and interviews suggest that nursing staff using Orem's Self‐Care Deficit Nursing Theory differ in their nursing assessments and goals of care from staff on a control unit Further study is recommended of the influence of the model on staff perspectives of care and on interventions which support nursing home residents’ self‐care ability

ISSN:0309-2402    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2648.1990.tb01888.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Models of care from the general field of nursing applied in special hospitals appears to be unworkable in this type of environment in terms of their inability to affect patient care It is argued that these external models, adopted due to a crisis of confidence in special hospitals, fail because their fundamental constructs clash with that of the institution's particular sociology A historical analysis of the development of special hospitals and nursing models reveals a dichotomy of emergent values, highly complex in nature, which conflict from the notion of Parsonian role‐adoption From this position, it is suggested that the strength of value systems are such that this leads to a non‐negotiable stalemate of forensic elements of client and institution, and the ‘treatment’ ethic as prescribed by the medicalization of criminology This article critically analyses the six most commonly‐used nursing models in special hospitals and pinpoints the areas of breakdown within this type of environment from a sociological perspective Finally, it argues for a new direction away from ‘generalist’ ideals of nursing towards a theoretical construction of ‘specialism

ISSN:0309-2402    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2648.1990.tb01889.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

While several published studies have examined the interactions of health status and social support in the general population or elderly segment of the population, there has been no reported study that specifically examines the health status and social support of frail elderly women, aged 85 years and older This study reports on the findings of a research study that examined a group of frail elderly women, residing in the community It focuses on why and how these women are able to bve independently The relationships between health status and social support and between health status and the process of ageing are explored The study reveals the importance of social support assessments of this group as a prerequisite to effective health care policy, professional health education programmes, and community resource development

ISSN:0309-2402    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2648.1990.tb01890.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Pregnancy as a transition in family life is perceived as a crisis by many families Sociodemographic characteristics of families during pregnancy can serve as important sources of information to nurses in drawing out family strengths and providing assistance during this crisis Family dynamics were measured in 160 women in the third trimester of pregnancy Half were in their first pregnancy and half were in their second pregnancy The research question addressed the relationship between family dynamics and several sociodemographic characteristics Statistically significant relationships were found between the sociodemographic variables of marital and social status, and several dimensions of family dynamics Families in which couples were married and who enjoyed a higher social status had more positive family dynamics in the dimensions of individuation, stability, flexibility, mutuality and communication Race, maternal age and parity were not related to level of family dynamics Strengths in families who have more positive dynamics may be explained by availability of resources, their expertise in using the system, societal approval of marriage and internal family support from the husband It is essential for nursing care to include systematic family assessment, socialization in effectively using the health care system and individualized family guidance

ISSN:0309-2402    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2648.1990.tb01891.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Research findings on the causes and correlates of postnatal depression divide into two explanatory frameworks The clinical/medical model identifies the mothers as being ‘ill’, and the social science model suggests a particular vulnerability to additional social stress factors Despite attempts to predict those women at risk, and develop preventative programmes, most treatment initiatives arereactive, which is a direct result of the inconclusive nature of available evidence The study reported here suggests that the concept ‘postnatal depression’ needs to be re‐examined and that rather than it being an individual illness or vulnerability, it is more akin to a normal grief reaction and part of a normal postnatal profile It only becomes a problem when it is defined and treated inappropriately The implications from this research lead to a new approach to understanding the mother's experience of postnatal depression, and types of counselling and support which might effectively be employed by midwives and healt

ISSN:0309-2402    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2648.1990.tb01892.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This descriptive research project was designed to replicate the study of Brodt&Stronge (1980) and to extend and investigate the attitudes of nurses towards computers in clinical practice Lack of an adequate study into nurses’ attitudes to computers was the motive behind this study The research project was earned out in a district general hospital in the United Kingdom Data was collected by means of a Likert's type closed‐structure attitude‐scale questionnaire The sample consisted of 58 nurses working in a clinical setting The overall conclusion was that nurses’ attitudes to computers were more unfavourable than fa

ISSN:0309-2402    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2648.1990.tb01893.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY