ISSN:0309-2402    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2648.1996.tb02862.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0309-2402    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2648.1996.tb02863.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

A convenience sample of 50 hospitalized patients who had experienced major care from two nurses, one of whom shared their mother‐tongue (Arabic) and one of whom did not, were asked to rate, using 10‐point visual analogue scales, their current pain, worry about their medical condition, and knowledge about the medical investigations carried out The two nurses nominated by each patient were asked to rate their patient's pain, worry and knowledge using the same scales Pain assessments by the three respondent groups did not differ significantly, but only nurses sharing a mother‐tongue with the patient provided pain ratings which correlated significantly with those of their patients Both groups of nurses consistently rated patients as being more worried and more knowledgable than patients rated themselves Nurses, unlike patients, associated greater knowledge with greater worry The limitations of the study undertaken are reviewed Discussion centres on the implications of these findings for optimizing nursing care, including situations where nurse and patient do not share a cultural background and cannot converse r

ISSN:0309-2402    

DOI:10.1046/j.1365-2648.1996.02011.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The initial development of the Pain Management Inventory (PMI), a precise clinical index of pain management methods intended for use with patients with arthritis, is reported The PMI differs from available instruments in its intent to assess specific methods that the individual is currently using for arthritis pain management and the perceived helpfulness of these methods, thus providing information to be used in combination with other clinical indicators for planning and evaluating ongoing pain self‐management Sixteen of 17 items, or methods, initially demonstrated content validity Using methods appropriate for an index of independent items, psychometric testing with a sample of 82 persons having a primary diagnosis of osteoarthritis or rheumatoid arthritis then focused on estimating the construct validity and test‐retest reliability of each item Findings assist in better understanding how various methods relate to overall pain management when it is defined as successfully taking care of or handling the pain as viewed within a cognitive‐behavioural framework Findings suggest that there are eight items that represent valid and reliable pain management methods These items should be used and evaluated with additional arthritis samples to determine whether the findings rep

ISSN:0309-2402    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2648.1996.tb02865.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Patient compliance is paramount in the effectiveness of therapeutic regimens Without compliance therapeutic goals cannot be achieved, resulting in poorer patient outcomes The social and psychological factors thought to influence compliance are identified as (a) knowledge and understanding including communication, (b) quality of the interaction including the patient–provider relationship and patient satisfaction, (c) social isolation and social support including the effect of the family, (d) health beliefs and attitudes — health belief model variables, and (e) factors associated with the illness and the treatment including the duration and the complexity of the regimen Noncompliance is a significant problem and a major challenge for the health care team Practical advice is offered for nurses and other health care professionals to increase patient compliance with therapeutic regimens These include factors involved in the patient‐provider relationship, communication skills and information‐giving, and the mobilization of existing social support networks Further research is needed to provide more conclusive results into the factors involved in patient compliance and to test the effectiveness of compliance‐enhancing

ISSN:0309-2402    

DOI:10.1046/j.1365-2648.1996.01993.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The literature on female genital mutilation (also known as female circumcision) within a feminist theoretical context is discussed Issues of culture, politics and religion in the literature will be examined in relation to feminist thought and the paper will also assess the effects of female genital mutilation on women's health and status within developing societies Parallels with other similar practices in developed and developing countries will be drawn and policy strategies discussed

ISSN:0309-2402    

DOI:10.1046/j.1365-2648.1996.01934.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Caring has been advocated as integral to nursing ethics, and much theorizing has suggested that it may be a partial or the entire foundation for nursing's ethic Yet few research studies have examined the practical expression of caring in the clinical setting The author describes the concept of comfort as an aspect of care experienced by long‐term care nurses in their daily practice related to moral choices The design of the study was descriptive and qualitative The sample consisted of 15 registered nurses who were participants in the author's previous study of moral certainty and uncertainty Their responses to interview questions during the previous study suggested the topic for the present study A semi‐structured interview consisting of eight neutral open‐ended questions was conducted with each participant The findings suggest that long‐term‐care nurses function in the roles of mediator and communicator In these roles, they try to meet a mental ideal of ‘good nursing practice’ They use multiple criteria on which to base their moral choices including comfort, their own and their residents The author examines the providing and feeling of comfort as related to the nurses'

ISSN:0309-2402    

DOI:10.1046/j.1365-2648.1996.01985.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

A range of issues surrounding admission to either residential or nursing home care are considered from the perspectives of older people and their family carers Drawing on the literature and a number of studies conducted by the authors, the processes and perceptions that shape and influence admission to care are identified On the basis of the interaction of these factors a four‐stage typology of admission is suggested the positive choice, the rationalized alternative, the discredited option, and thefait accompliThe characteristics of each admission type are discussed and the implications for professionals, particularly nurses, working with older people and their carers are address

ISSN:0309-2402    

DOI:10.1046/j.1365-2648.1996.01966.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The provision of skilful psychosocial care to patients suffering from chronic illnesses starts with an appreciation of what it is like to live with a chronic condition Definitions of self‐esteem may be realigned when patients encounter a prolonged problem, and reliance upon professional help Getting inside the experience of such illness may be key to understanding patient motivation, noncompliance with therapy and altered patterns of social engagement. Individuals' personal constructs may usefully then be used to explore the extent to which chronic illness sufferers share common problems and nee

ISSN:0309-2402    

DOI:10.1046/j.1365-2648.1996.02047.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Grief is a universal phenomenon, affecting every age and culture However, the literature reveals that this concept is surrounded with ambiguity and conflicting research findings There are few studies which focus on the grief of older widows, and none which focuses on the grief of older women whose husbands received hospice care The purpose of this longitudinal study was to generate a conceptual definition and theory of grief for older adult women using grounded theory methodology Informants comprised six older widows whose husbands were enrolled in a hospice programme in a southern metropolitan setting in the United States Each informant was asked to respond to the initial question ‘What is your experience in dealing with the loss of your husband?’ Interviews were conducted in the widows' homes after the deaths of their husbands during the following three time frames of bereavement 1–4 months, 7–10 months and 13–16 months Interviews were audio‐taped, transcribed, coded and analysed using the constant comparative method Oracle, a text‐oriented database management computer program, was used to facilitate the creation, storage, coding, analysis and retrieval of data Cross‐comparisons of the findings from the three phases of data collection were made and these findings were compared with the literature The following core concepts emerged from the data ‘being aware’, ‘experiencing distress’, ‘supporting’, ‘coping’ and ‘facing new realities’ Core concepts were combined into a conceptual definition of grief and a grounded theory of grief of older adult women whose husbands experienced hospice care was developed The results of this study expand our knowledge of the grief process of older widows whose husbands received hospice care and have implications for the development of effective

ISSN:0309-2402    

DOI:10.1046/j.1365-2648.1996.01888.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY