ISSN:0309-2402    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2648.1991.tb01754.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0309-2402    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2648.1991.tb01755.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The role of the parent of a hospitalized child has changed considerably over the past 30 years Where parents were previously expected to hand responsibility for care over to their child's nurses, there is now an expectation that parents will be extensively involved in the care of their hospitalized children The negotiation of roles between nurses and parents has been advocated by workers concerned about conflicts between nurses and parents However, it is not known whether such negotiation takes place between nurses and parents It is clear that power is not evenly distributed between nurses and parents issues of territory, stress, anxiety, uncertainty, control and conflicts arising from parental competence all place the parent in a weaker position It is argued that the nurse holds the initiative in the decision about whether negotiation takes place. A small study is described in which nurses were invited to describes their response to their perception that a parent wanted to increase or decrease her or his involvement in her or his child's care The critical incident technique (Flanagan 1954) was used to collect data Nurses' responses were categorized into categories of ‘encouragement’, ‘explanation/advice’ and ‘negotiation’. Responses were then placed in more specific subcategones The inter‐rater reliability of the categorization was measured. Owing to the limitations of the study, the results can only be regarded as suggestive. Nevertheless, significant association was found between the category of response and the grade of staff, with a stratified pattern of category of response demonstrated The implications of the study for future research

ISSN:0309-2402    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2648.1991.tb01756.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Every effort is made to provide children affected by cancer‐related illness with advanced medical care This theory‐developing, hypotheses‐generating study focused on the child's view of the service provided in an oncology clinic The methodology included interviews, observations of medical consultations and children's drawings It also sought the parents' opinion of the effect of an impending appointment on the child's behaviour The population for this ideographic research consisted of a convenience sample of 10 children over the age of 5 years, attending an oncology clinic which served a medium‐sized city and its surrounding area Quantitative and qualitative data were collected from semi‐structured interviews, participant observations, transcribed audio‐tape recordings and gaze interaction charts Data were analysed using grounded theory The medical interview was not acknowledged as being very significant by the children their conscious attention centred on peers and play activities The data also suggest that clinic visits are more acceptable for children when staff invest personal attention, give appropnate adequate explanations and handle children sensitively Behaviour changes before appointments were reported by parents to be more prevalent in children who received less positive regard from the health team Clinic observations and transcripts demonstrated the doctor's ‘dominant role’ during consultations Interaction with the child centred around the examination and was frequently interrupted A more extensive study would confirm or refute these prov

ISSN:0309-2402    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2648.1991.tb01757.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

A major shady about the epidemiology of inflammatory bowel disease in children was planned A pilot study of pre‐morbid variables among 42 children with the disease was undertaken Conducting a pilot study was an essential component of the research process, both in refining the data collection instrument and in maximizing the use of technology Results of the pilot study are described and the way in which they were used to prepare a better major study are discuss

ISSN:0309-2402    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2648.1991.tb01758.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Locus of control has received considerable attention from nurse researchers over the past decade A review of nursing studies related to locus of control reveals that the collective results of this research have yielded little information that is useful for nursing practice It is noted that many of the criticisms levelled at locus of control research at the beginning of the decade are still problematic For example, most studies are correlational in design, instruments used to measure the construct suffer from reliability and validity problems, researchers have failed in many cases to consider the multidimensional nature of the construct, and in most studies the value of the reinforcer is ignored If future research in this area is to lead to useful results, nurse researchers must be prepared to move to experimental designs, and must pay greater attention to issues of reliability and validity

ISSN:0309-2402    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2648.1991.tb01759.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This study examined changes in baccalaureate nursing students' attitudes toward and knowledge about research, following completion of a research course The teaching methods used in the course included having students critique research articles, complete objective examinations, and work in small groups to develop research proposals The sample of 54 students completed a pretest and two post tests measuring research knowledge, and a pretest and one post‐test measuring research attitudes The pretest was administered at the beginning of the research course, and the first post‐test was administered at the end of the course The second post‐test was administered during the students' last semester in the nursing programme Students reported more positive attitudes toward research at the end of the programme than at the beginning of the course Knowledge scores were significantly higher at the end of the course than at the beginning of the course or at the end of the programme There was no differences in knowledge scores on the pretest and on the second post‐test The findings raise questions about the effectiveness of traditional research curricula in preparing baccalaureate nursing students to be competent research c

ISSN:0309-2402    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2648.1991.tb01760.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

A problem‐solving approach to nursing practice has been advocated in the nursing literature for some time However, the extent to which nurses perceive themselves as capable problem solvers or improve their problem‐solving ability during their nursing education is not generally known The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between nurses' perceptions of their problem solving ability and their course of study The Problem‐Solving Inventory (PSI) was developed by Heppner and colleagues (1982) to assess attitudes towards and perceptions of problem‐solving behaviour The instrument provides a global appraisal of oneself as a problem solver and assesses perceptions of problem solving ability In this study, data were collected from 67 pre and post registration nursing students in two phases, during their course and on completion of their course Data from each phase were compared to identify changes in perception of problem‐solving behaviour over time While there was no overall improvement in perceptions of problem‐solving ability by phase 2, confidence in problem solving had improved significantly (P<0 01) There were improvements according to age, experience, and course being undertaken for the likelihood of approaching rather than avoiding problems, and having personal control over pro

ISSN:0309-2402    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2648.1991.tb01761.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This paper attempts to use the work of Peter Marris on loss and change to provide a theoretical perspective on the role of resistance in the process of professional growth Nurse education is highlighted as an area of radical change with the implementation of Project 2000 in the United Kingdom Early data generated by exploratory work in one Project 2000 demonstration district are used to illustrate the potential emergence of areas of resistance to major educational reform It is argued that resistance to change has an adaptive function and is a necessary precursor to professional growth It is not necessarily indicative of intransigence but rather should be seen as part of any process of adaptation to changes which might undermine the validity of past systems of understanding the world in which we live

ISSN:0309-2402    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2648.1991.tb01762.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This paper describes a hermeneutical and phenomenological research study of the mid‐life spiritual experience of 10 women who are members of the United Church of Canada Based on in‐depth, face‐to‐face interviews, the paper describes the first of two simultaneous and interrelated experiences an evolving consciousness of self and children The five invariant themes that emerge point to a need for an expanded framework of human development that takes fuller account of women's experience and spir

ISSN:0309-2402    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2648.1991.tb01763.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY