ISSN:0309-2402    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2648.1983.tb00471.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The nursing profession in the United Kingdom is faced with great opportunities for significant developments. To make best use of these it is necessary to reflect on the past, to meditate on key issues which are current, to plan wisely and well for the future and then to press ahead with determination. Key issues highlighted are in the spheres of education, management and practice; the need for research is emphasized. The pay structure can either support or impede developments, as can the attitude of the medical profession; the nursing and medical professions are complementary and interdependent, understanding between them is essential and effective communications are core to its realization. A general goal identified is the achievement of a more cohesive profession, a modification of the divisions between education, management and practice which, it is contended, have intensified as developments have taken place in each of these spheres. Objectives for development are put forward in the context of current circumstances which, it is argued facilitate their promotion. Signs that the nursing profession now recognizes the need for unified action to achieve its objectives are seen as encouraging, and confidence is expressed that the profession will exploit the opportunities now within its grasp.

ISSN:0309-2402    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2648.1983.tb00472.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Health‐related behaviour is an important issue for providers for health care. Understanding and being able to predict and influence health behaviour are all essential if client co‐operation and participation is to be obtained. Since nurses spend more time with patients than any other health care professional, they are in a position to influence health behaviour. Optimal interaction with patients and potential patients is the result of careful application of theory. The health‐belief model offers an approach to understanding health‐related behaviour. A clear understanding of the cause of behaviour is necessary in order to predict change. A clear understanding of cause is also necessary for determining methods to influence health behaviour. As a new model and one developed for the healthy, the model needs development and testing for applicability in understanding health and other behaviour. Nurses can make a significant contribution in this development by testing aspects of the model. This paper summarizes the model and assesses the model using specific criteria for a

ISSN:0309-2402    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2648.1983.tb00473.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The use of theories and models in nursing is not merely an armchair activity indulged in by academic nurses in teaching and research institutions, but a means of looking critically at practice to improve the effectiveness of care. Nursing models help to provide descriptions of the contents of teaching and training courses. Models aim to specify: goals of action; descriptive terms for the recipients of services; nurse roles; likely sources of difficulty; the focus for intervention; and the intended consequences of the nursing model in applied practice. Examination reveals three separate dominant models of nursing practice in special hospitals: medico‐legal, moral‐retributional and educational. Nursing models are both useful and necessary for the provision of coherent teaching curricula and as a framework for the actual process of nursing. The need for consideration of model selection and model choice seems paramount in the current climate of special hospital nursing. A major advantage of educational nursing models seems that they allow the development and growth of nurses, with likely benefits for improved consumer servi

ISSN:0309-2402    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2648.1983.tb00474.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The aim of the paper is to demonstrate the importance of including cultural dimensions as a fundamental component of nursing curricula and to provide some indications as to how this may be achieved. The concept of ‘institutionalized racism’ is examined, with reference to the absence of the cultural dimension in nursing education, and it is suggested that nurses, as members of a ‘caring profession', should be in the forefront in promoting mutual cultural understanding. The argument for promoting cultural awareness is developed in the context of individualized nursing care and the nursing process.The needs of ethnic minority learners are considered along with their potential role, and that of tutors, in breaking down barriers to the acceptance of cultural diversity. Some possible reasons for the failure to include ethnographic perspectives in nurse education programmes are postulated, and finally suggestions as to how this curriculum deficit may be rectified are made. The paper concludes that British nurse educators should ensure that the needs fo learners and patients are better provided for in the future by directing more attention to ethnographic perspectives relating to learning and the provision of nursing

ISSN:0309-2402    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2648.1983.tb00475.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This paper describes a study of a new nursing post, that of the adviser on incontinence. Some of the difficulties encountered in the study were the composition of a study and control group and evaluation of change in urinary incontinence. Retrospective checks on the two groups showed that the items in which they differed did not have any relationship with changes in incontinence or its management. The findings were unable to support the Regional Health Authority's hope that hospital admissions would be reduced or the more general belief that overall resource use would decline. In addition to improvements in incontinence half the subjects identified other benefits such as increased understanding of the problem and the opportunity to discuss it with someone with a knowledge of incontinence. Issues were also raised of the organization and nature of the advisers work load.

ISSN:0309-2402    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2648.1983.tb00476.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Although hospices are often said to provide a higher standard of care to terminally ill patients than conventional health care facilities, little empirical investigation has been conducted to test such statements. One aspect of the care process for which hospices are often praised is the attention paid to social and emotional problems concerning the patient, as well as more directly clinical matters. Often these goals are not explicitly stated. This paper investigates a method for systematically documenting the goals set by a multidisciplinary group of staff for the patients under their care. The study was conducted in a National Health Service (NHS) terminal cancer care unit, the staff of which were interested in setting clear, explicit objectives for their patients.

ISSN:0309-2402    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2648.1983.tb00477.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This qualitative study was designed to elicit the family's perspective of their experience of the first hospitalization of a relative. A major focus of the study was the process by which families developed an understanding of mental illness and its treatment. During unstructured interviews, seven families explained how they interpreted unfamiliar events and surroundings. They identified their needs and concerns related to their interpretation of ‘mental illness', and they described their efforts to understand the patient from this perspective. The study identified processes by which families attached meaning to events: they reviewed past experiences and beliefs to make sense of the present experience; they examined their own behaviour as a contributor to the development of the illness; they observed and evaluated the hospitalization as treatment; and they asked questions about the future. The direction for nursing practice was identified in terms of providing support and information to families, as well as being aware of the emotional responses of families at all stages of the patient's illnes

ISSN:0309-2402    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2648.1983.tb00478.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The purpose of this study was to assess the impact of patient education on patient compliance to psychotropic medication after discharge from the hospital. A sample of 36 patients discharged from an in‐patient care facility and receiving an oral form of psychotropic drug were the subjects of this study. All subjects were patients of affective disorders. Subjects were randomly assigned to two groups: a control group; and a directive patient‐education group. The subjects were followed up after discharge for a 6‐month period. In analyzing the data, results indicated that the difference in percentage of compliance between the two groups was statistically significant. Findings imply that patient education did have an effect on patient compliance to medication. The findings of the study support a technique that can be incorporated in both in‐patient and out‐patient programmes in psychiatric‐mental health nursing. It would increase patient compliance to medication and hence decrease chances of rehosp

ISSN:0309-2402    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2648.1983.tb00479.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The study investigates the need for instruction and support among wives of patients with myocardial infarction, applying the ‘stress’ theory. The data were gathered by questionnaires completed by 59 wives of patients with myocardial infarction. Feelings and symptoms indicative of stress did occur among wives of the patients. They assessed instruction especially concerning home care, as being inadequate. They stated that the support they received had come largely from their own relatives; more than one third of the respondents said they had received support from a nurse; one fifth said they had not received it from anyone. The ‘instruction’ model for wives and other relatives of patients with myocardial infarction, introduced at the end of the article, emphasizes the importance of relevant information and support to the close relatives of patients with myocardial inf

ISSN:0309-2402    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2648.1983.tb00480.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY