ISSN:0309-2402    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2648.1996.tb00031.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0309-2402    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2648.1996.tb00032.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The curricula of tertiary nursing courses usually involve a number of complementary strands These include biological sciences, social sciences, behavioural sciences, other support subjects and clinical units These different strands each, to some extent, present the nursing student with a dilemma as they may present entirely different models of the body Explorations of this dilemma show that students are also being presented with different models of illness and different conceptions of appropriate health care response to illness The question is then raised as to which of these approaches most accurately reflects the realities of nursing practice

ISSN:0309-2402    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2648.1996.tb00033.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Psychoneuroimmunology (PNI) is concerned with the mechanisms of bidirectional communication between the neuroendocrine and immune systems Investigators in other disciplines have used this framework to guide the examination of possible relationships between behavioural factors and the progression of immunologically mediated illnesses and to evaluate the role of immune products m central nervous system disturbances Nurse scientists have an opportunity to make unique contributions to the growing field of PNI Unlike basic science research, which has as its goal the generation of fundamental knowledge concerning biological or behavioural processes, nursing research is driven by the need to promote excellence in nursing science as a guide for nursing practice Although a few nurse scientists have conducted PNI research to date, additional studies are needed to generate new knowledge concerning mind‐body interactions in health and illness and to develop strategies that promote mental and physical well‐being in persons at risk for immune dysfunction This paper highlights the few recently conducted nursing studies grounded in a PNI framework to illustrate the utility of PNI in advancing nursing sci

ISSN:0309-2402    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2648.1996.tb00034.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The rift between ‘science’ and ‘phenomenology’ in current nursing theory is explored through an examination of two recent evaluations of the work of Patricia Benner, who has proposed a model of skill acquisition, latterly within a Heideggerian framework English offers a critique of Benner's ideas from the perspective of cognitive psychology, while Darbyshire defends them against what he describes as a ‘positivist’ attack No attempt is made, in this paper, to evaluate Benner's work directly, but Darbyshire's response to the ‘critique’ is analysed, and it is noted that, in making his defence, he invokes a network of concepts which he ascribes to a ‘traditional notion of objective science’, and accuses English of subscribing to it. It is suggested that this ‘Cartesian’ worldview is an outmoded myth, superseded by the philosophy of science during the last 30 years, and based on the rhetoric rather than the reality of scientific practice Nursing is not, therefore, obliged to choose between ‘positivism’ and a philosophy whose chief virtue is that it represents a ‘challenge’ to positivism It could instead build a scientific basis for research and theory by drawing, not on mid‐century thinking, but on a more contemporary unde

ISSN:0309-2402    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2648.1996.tb00035.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

An ageing Australian population and improving medical retrieval technology have led to an increasing need for nurses to manage complex and acute health issues of ageing and chronic disability In a study of aged and extended care involving nurses, residents, allied health professionals and family members, investigators used semi‐structured interviews to identify critical aspects of nursing The aim of the study was to begin to identify and illustrate a theoretical framework of ‘critical’ nursing activities for aged and extended care Two important themes to emerge were the structure of the health care setting and the characteristic behaviours of people associated with it These themes reinforce the importance of treating people as individuals and of describing caring criteria in ways which reinforce

ISSN:0309-2402    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2648.1996.tb00036.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This paper is concerned with the interrelationships between the three concepts of theory, research and practice In the course of discussing the interrelationships between these concepts, research is identified as the link between theory and practice on both a formal (explicit) and informal (tacit) level The role of formal and informal research in the development of nursing expertise is also given some consideration

ISSN:0309-2402    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2648.1996.tb00037.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Theory/practice issues have a long‐standing history in nurse education, and are a chronic source of controversy to which there is no easy or perfect solution We have argued that it is the tension between theory and practice and research which can be usefully exploited in teaching and research Students need to be introduced to the debates surrounding the genesis and generation of nursing knowledge They need to gain an appreciation of what counts as nursing knowledge at different points in time and the politics which drive the legitimation of nursing theory and practice Such an approach has much to offer in helping students deal with reality shock and make sense of their experience as they confront the ambiguities, uncertainties and contradictions that characterize the stock‐in‐trade of professiona

ISSN:0309-2402    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2648.1996.tb00038.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Regarding health care services, the decision‐making process occurs at three primary levels macro (national), mid‐range (hospital) and micro (individual practitioner) The research basis for this process at each of these levels is briefly discussed, with an emphasis concerning which type of data is and/or should be utilized The paradigm assumptions behind data generation are also explored with reference to methodologies which seek to combine different types of data The nursing profession, within the changing structure of the NHS, needs to take account of data generation if it is to play an active research role, and therefore be able to influence the health care decision‐making p

ISSN:0309-2402    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2648.1996.tb00039.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This paper reports a small study which explored the management arrangements of the providers of community services in five health districts and the influence these had on the way research findings were utilized by nurses in their clinical practice Insights were sought into the nature of the organizations in which district nurses worked With the co‐operation of the service managers, all the nurses had previously been involved in testing a model of dissemination of research information The study reported here arose from that original research and explored the links between management arrangements and research utilization in clinical practice Interviews using a semi‐structured schedule are reported from 22 service managers in the five health districts Data on managers'professional roles and backgrounds, the organizational structures and processes and external social and political factors were collected and analysed A selection of findings is discussed in relation to influence on research utilization in clinical prac

ISSN:0309-2402    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2648.1996.tb00040.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY