ISSN:0309-2402    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2648.1985.tb00540.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This study focuses on hospital sisters in 30 Dutch hospitals. The so‐called role‐set approach has been adopted. In this approach the sisters are the focal persons. Direct superiors, specialists, registered nurses and student nurses acted as role‐senders. The possible number of respondents is 600 (120 of each group). The response of hospital sisters is 100%, that of role‐senders 88%. The study started out as an attempt to collect background information on the causes of wastage of sisters. High wastage rates are generally regarded as an indication of an unfavourable working environment. Since hospital sisters occupy a key position in hospitals, the ward problems will be studied from their angle. Although wastage rates have dropped recently, it does not necessarily follow that the working environment has improved. Wastage is known to act as a safety valve, thus allowing tensions to resolve. The threat of unemployment clogs this outlet, which increases the tensions on the hospital ward. Data from the study show that work overload is one of the major stress factors for sisters. Analyses demonstrated that there exists a relationship between work overload and tensions with the management and direct superiors, tensions in job execution, irritableness on the ward, low self‐esteem, health complaints and psychological condition. Sisters with an excessive job involvement refer to work overload more often than their moderate colleagues. There is a relationship between an unfavourable working environment and irritableness o

ISSN:0309-2402    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2648.1985.tb00541.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Using autobiographical material, the patient experience of major surgery (panproctocolectomy and ileostomy) is described. A number of stages are identified in the patient experience: the development of dependence before surgery; disconnectedness from the social world immediately after surgery; and reality shock as grief and loss became apparent. The data are analysed using a theoretical perspective originally developed to describe reactions to bereavement. The practical nursing and counselling implications deriving from the theoretical model are elaborated.

ISSN:0309-2402    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2648.1985.tb00542.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The relationship between certain psychosocial characteristics of 122 baccalaureate nursing students and their attitudes toward the elderly was determined using multiple stepwise regression. Collectively the psychosocial characteristics accounted for 11–14% of the variance in attitude scores on four of the seven attitude dimensions, specifically, realistic toughness toward the elderly, anxiety about ageing, family responsibility and unfavourable stereotyping of the elderl

ISSN:0309-2402    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2648.1985.tb00543.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The purpose of this study was to determine which variables distinguish newly institutionalized elderly people from elderly people able to remain in the community. The findings suggest that old age and lack of a social support network are major predictors of institutionalization rather than health and social variables.

ISSN:0309-2402    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2648.1985.tb00544.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This study was designed to establish a foundation for the further development of a pain assessment tool for use in clinical practice. It was earlier reported that there existed a significant difference in the intensity of the words pain, ache and hurt and that each of these concepts had their own specific sensory and affective word descriptors. This study was designed to: 1 find out if the above results could be verified by using subjects with a different background from those included in the previous study; 2 determine the intensity of word descriptors; and 3 determine if patients, nurses and nursing students use the same word descriptors to describe pain‐like experiences. Pain assessment tools used were the McGill Pain Questionnaire, a visual analogue scale and a pain, ache and hurt questionnaire. The results of the earlier reported study were confirmed. In addition, a significant difference was found in intensity of the word descriptors. Patients, nurses and nursing students used basically the same word descriptor to describe pain‐like experiences.The sensory word descriptors(crushing, sharp, tearing, cutting, penetrating, gnawing, dull, pulling, sore, stinging, pricking and pinching) andthe affective word descriptors(dreadful, torturing, killing, unbearable, terrifying, suffocating, exhausting, unhappy, troublesome, annoying, irritating and fearful) are suggested as a foundation upon which a pain assessment tool could be developed for use in clinical pract

ISSN:0309-2402    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2648.1985.tb00545.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Though standards for handwashing have been defined, little effort has been made to assess the quality of handwashing in clinical settings. This paper describes tests of reliability and validity of tools to evaluate two aspects of handwashing — appropriateness and technique. Based on these tests, methods to evaluate handwashing are recommende

ISSN:0309-2402    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2648.1985.tb00546.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Nursing's bid for professional status has been and continues to be a hotly debated issue. Much of the debate rests upon the question of what exactly the word professional implies, for many nurses do in fact consider themselves to be professionals while others would disagree. This paper suggests that nursing is not a profession but it is engaged in the process of professionalizing. A professionalizing occupation utilizes various vehicles to reach its own ends and, for nursing, it is suggested that the development of nursing theory at basic and complex levels is one such vehicle. Selected professional criteria are examined and it is shown that nursing theory development aids in the attainment of these criteria, thereby allowing nursing to become more professionalized.

ISSN:0309-2402    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2648.1985.tb00547.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

In this paper the authors discuss their experiences in admitting students with an arts ‘A’ (advanced) level General Certificate of Education background to an undergraduate nursing degree course. Firstly, the implications of students’ different cognitive styles, both professionally and in teaching, are examined. Secondly, there is a description of an introductory course that has been used to assist students in the arts‐science transition. Finally, the performance of ‘arts’ students, in a physiology course over a 6‐year period is described, analysed and discussed. The proposition emerges that arts students may be disadvantaged initially by having not only a lack of knowledge in physiology, but a different cognitive style to science specialists. The results of the students’ examination performance over 6 years suggests that with the provision of only a limited amount of special help ‘arts’ students can perform as well as the ‘science’ students in physiology examinations. Other variables which may have contributed to this positiv

ISSN:0309-2402    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2648.1985.tb00548.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Inclusion of gerontological nursing in curricula is emerging as an issue of concern to faculty of schools of nursing. Using research findings which view the setting and client selection as major determinants of learning outcomes, faculty are experimenting with teaching strategies which support a positive more realistic view of the elderly and their inherent potential and motivation for health. This paper examines the learning outcomes about ageing of a senior clinical experience at the baccalaureate level directed toward learning to nurse the elderly in a responsive and health promoting manner. Students were provided with an opportunity to become comfortable working with the elderly and their families in order to: 1 increase their level of knowledge about the process of ageing; and 2 incorporate this knowledge within a nursing framework by identifying critical aspects of development used in the health assessment of the elderly. The method of study was primarily experiential in nature with each student making a series of home visits over a 3‐month period to one selected client family. Two groups of clients participated in the programme: clients in group A were maintaining themselves in their own homes, were not anticipating institutionalization and were in good health; clients in group B were in hospital for treatment of a major health problem but would be recuperating in their own homes. By using Palmore's Facts on Ageing Quiz, it was determined that client selection did in fact make a differencevis‐à‐vislearning outcomes about ageing and th

ISSN:0309-2402    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2648.1985.tb00549.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY