ISSN:0309-2402    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2648.1987.tb01331.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This paper explores the relationship between the life sciences of anatomy, physiology, microbiology and pharmacology and the teaching/learning problems of their application in nursing. A theoretical model is proposed derived from a conceptual consideration of nursing tasks and of nursing actions developed to account for a direct link between these sciences and nursing. It is argued that a ‘bio‐nursing'approach to the use of the life sciences in nursing is comparable to that of a ‘bio‐medical’ approach in medical education and practice. The paper suggests lhat an appropriate examination of the contributions of the life sciences to nursing education will provide a more concentrated and illuminating exercise with regard to making possible the identification of a body of knowledge of direct relevance to nursing practice. The teaching/learning implications for nurse education and the development of a distinctive knowledge base derived from these sciences are

ISSN:0309-2402    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2648.1987.tb01332.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The essential nature of foundational studies in nursing, which are usually called meta‐theories or conceptual frameworks, is explored. There are three approaches to this type of study, namely foundationalism, language critique and philosophical analysis. The work of Orem, King and Rogers is briefly analysed as an example of each of these approache

ISSN:0309-2402    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2648.1987.tb01333.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The purpose of this paper is to outline and discuss some of the fundamental theoretical and practical considerations bearing on the teaching of communications skills to nurses. Although evidence exists that communications training is needed, and welcomed by both nurses and nurse managers, implementation of training schemes without consideration of a number of critical issues is likely to result in only partial success, or even complete failure. The issues identified and discussed in this paper are the need for accurate assessment and evaluation, the need to understand and take into accountresistance to change at the level of both the individual and the organization, and most pervasively, the need for a clear relationship between theory and practice.

ISSN:0309-2402    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2648.1987.tb01334.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The purpose of this study was to describe the amount of congruence in the perceptions of 38 matched nurse‐patient dyads concerning the nurse's role in patient education. The perceptions of nurses and patients from two hospital settings were measured with two complementary sets of questions, developed for this study;t‐tests were used to compare the mean responses of nurses and patients within and between the two settings to each set of complementary questions. The results indicated that incongruencies existed between nurses’ and patients’ perceptions of the nurse's role in patient education. Patients identified a general teaching function for nurses. When asked who they preferred to have teach them the specific information related to their condition, patients most frequently chose a physician. Nurses most frequently chose a nurse as the current and most desired patient teacher. Nurses incorrectly assumed that the desires of their patients for patient education were similar to their own. The results suggest that nurses need to develop a clear definition of their role in patient education, to validate patients’ desires for teaching, and to examine organizational factors influencing their performance of the patient teac

ISSN:0309-2402    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2648.1987.tb01335.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Alopecia (hair loss) is often singled out as the most distressing side‐effect of cancer chemotherapy treatment. This paper provides a comprehensive and critical review of the research literature on scalp cooling, a procedure introduced to prevent chemotherapy‐induced alopecia. In spite of a considerable amount of research (both nursing and medical) over a 15‐year period, the evidence on scalp cooling is inconclusive. Although concerned with a specialist issue, this paper may interest the general reader as it illustrates the value of a literature review in raising questions about current practice and in identifying issues for future res

ISSN:0309-2402    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2648.1987.tb01336.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The need for the preparation and professional development of ward sisters is now well recognised, and recent actual and proposed changes affecting nursing and nursing education have served to highlight its role and the need further. The London Postgraduate Teaching Hospitals have responded by establishing a training scheme for their sisters*. This aims to develop the knowledge and skills of sisters who are relatively new or inexperienced and combines periods of theoretical study with observation of work on wards and/or consolidation of learning in the sister's own clinical setting. The features of the scheme include a course with a comprehensive curriculum related to most, if not all, of the aspects of the sister's role, the extensive use of experiential learning methods, the use of facilitators to create links between the course itself, course members and the workplace, formal and informal evaluation, particularly during the pilot period, and a specifically appointed project director. The evaluation of this innovation has indicated positive outcomes, both in terms of improvements in individuals and beneficial effects in the hospitals. As a result of the relative success of the first 2 years, the scheme has now been incorporated into a programme of provision for trained nursing staff, and has stimulated the development of other initiatives for other grades of staff.

ISSN:0309-2402    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2648.1987.tb01337.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The proposition put forward in this paper is that standards of nursing practice can only be assured if the profession is able to find ways of responding to the intuitions and gut reactions of its practitioners. Rather than deny them, nurses have to know how to test and thus legitimize them. Such a validation process demands more clinically based nursing research projects and the proliferation of arrangements such as clinical nursing practice units. It is further argued that by linking the intuitive and rational aspects of nursing in this way the profession is in a better position not only to fulfil its societal obligations but also to build up its own knowledge and skills.

ISSN:0309-2402    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2648.1987.tb01338.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This study identified and compared characteristics of ‘best’ and ‘worst’ clinical teachers as perceived by university nursing faculty and students. The Nursing Clinical Teacher Effectiveness Inventory (NCTEI) was distributed to 201 volunteer subjects. This survey instrument, developed by the authors, contains 48 clinical teacher characteristics grouped into five categories. Each participant was asked to rate, using the NCTEI, the ‘best’ and then the ‘worst’ clinical teacher from past observations. Results showed both groups perceived that being a good role model was the highest rated characteristic for ‘best’ teachers and the ‘lowest’ rated characteristic for ‘worst’ teachers. Faculty and students’ perceptions were fairly similar as to highest rated characteristics of ‘best’ clinical teachers. Less agreement was noted about the characteristics of ‘worst’ clinical teachers. When categories of clinical teacher characteristics were compared, there were significant differences between the ratings of faculty and students for ‘best’ clinical teacher

ISSN:0309-2402    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2648.1987.tb01339.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Comparatively little is known about the stigma which attaches to psychiatric day care, as opposed to in‐patient care. This study uses grounded theory to analyse the views of 21 clients of a psychiatric day unit. The results suggest that clients have difficulty in interpreting their reasons for continuing to attend the unit, and that these difficulties are connected with a fear of being labelled ‘mad’. The issue of stigma management was important to the clients, and some thought that the move to a locally‐based service would exacerbate problems by reducing the number of available stigma management str

ISSN:0309-2402    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2648.1987.tb01340.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY