ISSN:0309-2402    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2648.1990.tb01809.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0309-2402    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2648.1990.tb01810.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

A postal survey of 5243 community nursing staff throughout England sought information about their experience, education, knowledge, confidence and beliefs in relation to the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) A response rate of 74% was obtained While experience of patients positive for HIV antibody or with AIDS was limited, one‐third of community nursing staff had encountered patients worried about HIV infection However, most lacked confidence to provide health education, counselling and terminal care A quarter felt that they should have the right to refuse to care for patients with AIDS, while 85% were concerned about their lack of experience In order to play an effective role in the prevention and management of HIV infection, community nursing staff need to be assisted in making links between knowledge they already possess and its application to HIV infection, and in developing and practising skil

ISSN:0309-2402    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2648.1990.tb01811.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The quality of life for infants and children is often dependent on the adequacy of the prenatal care pregnant women receive From July through to December 1985, 15% of pregnant women in one Midwestern county were identified as having inadequate prenatal care The purposes of the study were to identify and analyse the reasons women in that county gave for not obtaining adequate prenatal care In addition, chi‐square was used to determine the relationship between the reasons given and the three variables, age, time between knowledge of pregnancy and making an appointment for care, and source of payment A convenience sample (n = 44) was used in a study over a 5‐month penod at three locations The Health Belief Model was the conceptual framework for this study Insufficient money to pay for care was the primary reason given for not obtaining adequate prenatal care (81%) Other reasons included motivational issues (45%) and access or lack of transportation (19%) There was a significant relationship (P= 0 05) with four reasons to the variable of age and with three reasons to both the variables of time and source of payment The following recommendations were identified as a result of this research the need for subsidized prenatal care and the need for a community‐wide education campaign regarding the need for adequate prenatal care and the consequences of inadequate care Prenatal care is sometimes not available to all in the United States in spite of the relationship of infant mortality and the quality of life for infants and children to adequate prenata

ISSN:0309-2402    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2648.1990.tb01812.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Parental attachment of 121 high‐risk women, 61 partners of high‐risk women, 182 low‐risk women, and 117 partners of low‐risk women, was studied at the first week postpartum and 8 months following birth The tests of theoretical models showed low predictive ability explaining from zero to 21% of the variance in parental attachment in the four groups over the two test periods Empirical respecified models predicting parent‐infant attachment at the first week postpartum and 8 months explained 31% and 29% of the variance among high‐nsk women, 69% and 45% among high‐nsk partners, 41% and 53% among low‐nsk women, and 35% and 38% among low‐risk partners Parental competence was a major predictor of parental attachment over all test periods for all four groups Early parent‐infant contact following birth was never a predictor except at 8 months when, among low‐nsk women, the opposite effect than that expected was observed; the later women held their infants the higher was their attachment High‐nsk women scored significantly higher than low‐risk women during the

ISSN:0309-2402    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2648.1990.tb01813.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

More than 90% of women are affected by one or more of the signs and symptoms of perimenstrual syndrome (PMS), which causes disruptions at work and in family relations and can be economically costly Self‐care measures relating to lifestyle modifications, most particularly nutrition and exercise, can be helpful in preventing and/or alleviating the number and seventy of symptoms This quasi‐experimental study of a pre‐test and post‐test design showed a statistically significant increase in self‐care measures for PMS with a significant decrease in symptoms, thus impacting on the cont

ISSN:0309-2402    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2648.1990.tb01814.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This paper describes some models of health education as a context for considenng data from a recent study of mothers’ and health visitors’ perspectives on good child health care Most health visitors favoured an individualistic top‐down approach aimed at changing mothers’ behaviour Mothers preferred a dialogue which started from their own pr

ISSN:0309-2402    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2648.1990.tb01815.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

As we move into the 21st century, nurses are facing the challenge of contributing to the health care of a society with an increasing proportion of ageing persons This group of people become more heterogeneous as they age, bringing with them an extended life history of experiences of wellness and illness They have been faced with numerous stressors and losses and have made successful or unsuccessful adaptation to those life experiences One of the disconcerting stressors of the elderly is the promotion and maintenance of mental health In this paper we will examine the application of the Neuman System Model to the mental health nursing of older adults

ISSN:0309-2402    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2648.1990.tb01816.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

With the increasing cost of health care and the growing constraints made by third party payers, in‐hospital time for preoperative teaching is quickly being reduced Seventy‐two patients attended preoperative instruction either as an inpatient the day before surgery or as an outpatient 4–8 days before surgery Anxiety and knowledge levels were measured before and after class and the evening before surgery No differences were found between the groups on a measure of anxiety levels Both groups demonstrated a moderate anxiety level with no significant change over the testing period Using the knowledge pretest as a covariate, repeated measures analysis of variance suggested the knowledge gained with the class was significantly greater for the outpatient group than the inpatient group (P= 0 018) There was also a significant positive relationship between the knowledge score and knowing someone who had cardiac surgery (t = 2 34, d f = 66, P=0 022) The results suggest that it makes little difference whether patients receive information up to a week before surgery or just the day before, therefore, the more economical preadmission teaching may be the path of

ISSN:0309-2402    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2648.1990.tb01817.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Research, theoretical and educational literature on interpersonal relations between nurses and patients has proliferated since the 1960s This has generated a range of divergent accounts of what the nurse‐patient relationship (NPR)oughtto be, how this should be achieved, and how the NPR is constituted in practice In this paper — through a selective review of the literature — the development of two contending perspectives on NPR and on nurse ‐ patient interaction (NPI) characterized astechnocraticandcontextual, is discussed, and related to the increasingly problematic status of the relationship between nurses and patients in nursing theory and

ISSN:0309-2402    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2648.1990.tb01818.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY