ISSN:0309-2402    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2648.1984.tb00380.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This paper discusses parents' perceptions of their stress when their children are hospitalized with long‐term disabilities. The study used a qualitative method. Data were collected with 40 parents through in‐hospital interviews, and were analysed using the method of constant, comparative analysis. Parents' own interpretation of their stress experience is considered in relation to their perception of their role. The data suggest that the hospitalization of a child requires parents to make changes in their usual parenting role. In describing the nature of the changes required, parents identified the need to understand the illness experience; become familiar with the hospital environment; adapt to their changing relationship with the child and other family members; and negotiate with health professionals about their child's care. Verbatim accounts are used in this paper to illustrate parents' interpretations of their hospital experience. Parents perceive their role in their hospitalized child's care differently than health professionals do, and it would appear that much parental stress is attributable to the ‘space’ between health care workers' understanding of parents' experience, and parents' own comprehension. If nurses understood parents' own perception of their hospital‐related stress better, more effective nursing care could be developed. Further research is needed in this impor

ISSN:0309-2402    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2648.1984.tb00381.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This study was an attempt to develop a means of teaching and assessing empathic interaction skills in the classroom and in the clinical situation. A descriptive‐analytic system of interaction observation was formulated from a theoretical standpoint, with videotape recordings of nurse‐patient interactions used as an additional data base. The schedule was applied to both student and qualified nurses in a variety of clinical settings and in the classroom. The videotape recordings were used as a means of assessing the validity and reliability of the schedule. The validity was ascertained in terms of content validity and criterion‐related validity. These two aspects of validity were appraised by reference to the professional judgement of experienced qualified nurses. Positive validity coefficients were obtained. The reliability was determined by estimation of inter‐rater reliability and intra‐rater reliability. Positive reliability coefficients were obtained. Observer objectivity was also c

ISSN:0309-2402    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2648.1984.tb00382.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Several observations are made on certain problems which psychiatric nurses may face during the evaluation phase of the nursing process. It is argued that the key to successful evaluation in this field lies in planning the evaluation itself, thereby strengthening the scientific basis of nursing practice by empirical methods. The use of goal attainment scaling is presented as one approach to this end.

ISSN:0309-2402    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2648.1984.tb00383.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Nurse researchers have become increasingly concerned with the development, testing and continued refinement of reliable and valid instruments which can index phenomena of interest to nursing. A primary step in the measurement of such phenomena is the systematic initiation of conceptualization processes which yield adequate construct definitions. Adequate construct definitions facilitate efforts toward precise measurement. Presented in this article is a description of how grounded theory methodology guided conceptualization processes to induce a construct definition of hope'. The data‐based example is from a study of 25 adolescents (both well and hospitalized adolescents) who participated in defining ‘hope’. Results include a definition of hope consisting of four categories which seem to form a continuum of degree. The induced definition is used to demonstrate rules which have been put forth in the social science literature to guide the formulation of construct definitions. The relationship between processes of conceptualization and measurement is further demonstrated by examples of scale items to index hopefulness in adolescents. The scale items reflect the four categories of the induced definition of hope and comprise the inductively developed ‘Hopefulness Scale for Adole

ISSN:0309-2402    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2648.1984.tb00384.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Though the United Kingdom Central Council for Nursing, Midwifery and Health Visiting (UKCC) refers to student status as an ‘emotive term’ (UKCC 1982), the author through this small‐scale study looks at the advantages and disadvantages of its implementation. Alternative models of training and other implications are also considered, the findings indicating that implementation is important for the learners' ongoing education and professional development, but not without further investigation of some of the issues r

ISSN:0309-2402    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2648.1984.tb00385.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Kolb's ‘Learning Style Inventory’ was used to examine learning characteristics of incoming nursing students (n= 166) which were then compared to those of more advanced nursing students (n= 102). A majority of students were found to have concrete learning styles. Advanced students had a greater incidence of concrete learning styles than first year students suggesting increasing concreteness with exposure to nursing education. Diploma students were found to have a higher incidence of concrete learning styles than university students. Students with concrete learning styles were more influenced by person‐oriented factors in career choices than those with abstract learning styles. No relationship was found between learning style and preferred nursing specialty. Implications for nursing education are disc

ISSN:0309-2402    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2648.1984.tb00386.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

As nurses enter the field of research and design nursing studies, an awareness of the standards of informed consent becomes imperative. Informed consent is commonly considered to include providing the subject with adequate and understandable information regarding therapeutic and experimental procedures and ensuring subjects' competent understanding of this information. Providing information about a procedure is relatively easy but evaluating competency is often difficult. It is especially difficult with the subject who may suffer cognitive impairment, e.g. schizophrenia. Clients with schizophrenia have traditionally been a disenfranchised group. It is important they do not become neglected in nursing research because of concerns about competency to provide informed consent. This paper provides a discussion of the historical development of informed consent. Additionally, the legal standards of informed consent and the legally accepted standards of competency are elucidated. Four issues are considered: (a) evidencing a choice, (b) factual understanding of the issues, (c) rational manipulation of information, and (d) appreciation of the nature of the situation. These issues are related to a nursing research study designed by the senior author to test the beliefs of subjects with chronic schizophrenia.

ISSN:0309-2402    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2648.1984.tb00387.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The author discusses the development of a family assessment guide which combines family systems theory and Orem's self‐care nursing framework. The rationale for integrating these two approaches is presented, based on the argument that a family conceptual framework or nursing framework alone cannot provide adequate guidelines for family nursing in the community. The family is viewed as a system with structure and function. Orem's self‐care requirements are incorporated into the functions of the family. Five major assessment categories are discussed: environmental data; family structure; family function – meeting self‐care requisites of family members; family function – adapting to change; and family perception of health situation. Data to be collected within each category is outlined, as well as the rationale for its inclusion in terms of its relevance for nursing of families in community healt

ISSN:0309-2402    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2648.1984.tb00388.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

During the past two decades there has been a substantial growth in the number of British universities and polytechnics offering undergraduate nursing degree programmes. However, little attempt has been made to evaluate these courses systematically or to assess the potential impact of graduates on the provision of patient care. This study is concerned with the opinions of former undergraduates and ward sisters with experience of supervising the undergraduate nursing students. It also gives an account of the career progression of the students since graduation. The results indicate that the high academic and clinical demands made upon the students are a major problem and that a number of students encounter serious problems of adjustment during clinical placements. The ward sisters consistently rated the students' clinical abilities as high and the vast majority would like undergraduates allocated to their wards if a similar course was run again in the future. The career progression of the graduates demonstrates that the majority opt for clinical nursing posts.

ISSN:0309-2402    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2648.1984.tb00389.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY