ISSN:0003-8628    

DOI:10.1080/00038628.2000.9696892

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:2000

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Means of dissipating energy in buildings oscillating due to seismic activity include viscous dampers, yielding of the structural members or of added sacrificial elements, and friction devices which slip when ground accelerations exceed a specified value. Of these schemes, friction dampers have proved to be the cheapest and least intrusive, and the most effective in minimizing structural and secondary damage as measured by the reduced accelerations and displacements. Development of reliable dampers with the desired characteristics has been pursued in Canada over the past two decades and today techniques are available to provide slip forces of up to 2500 kN with a slip travel of up to 300 mm. Over fifty buildings have been fitted or retrofitted with Pall friction dampers in North America.

ISSN:0003-8628    

DOI:10.1080/00038628.2000.9696893

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:2000

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The application of surface linings generally results in a change to the beat, smoke and toxicity of the surface-lined assemblies. This paper evaluates the change in these parameters. The various aspects of beat release including peak heat release rate, total heat release rate, effective heat of combustion, burning time and smoke performance of the surface-lined assemblies are analysed to assess the impact of wall linings. In addition, these parameters are interpreted in the light of the run-time profile to study not only the quantum of change, but also the point of occurrence and the duration of change. This paper also aims to clarify the issue of increased fire hazard associated with the use of wallpapers and to evaluate the present fire assessment approach of surface products.

ISSN:0003-8628    

DOI:10.1080/00038628.2000.9696894

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:2000

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

This paper discusses the problems that need to be considered when elderly people renovate their houses, and particularly the wet spaces, because they do not fulfil the needs and the requirements of the elderly for aging in place. Therefore field research was conducted in order to identify the variables that are influencing the renovation decisions of Turkish elderly people. Based upon the findings, a comparison of the results of the empirical study with the proposed solutions of design guide books is made. The collected data are used to develop Design Decision Support System (DDSS) model for the wet space renovation of the residences used by Turkish Elderly.

ISSN:0003-8628    

DOI:10.1080/00038628.2000.9696895

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:2000

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

This paper introduces a computation approach in evaluating split-type air-conditioner performance when their outdoor condensing units are placed at a re-entrant or a light well of an apartment building. In a multi-storied building heat rejection by these condensing units induces a buoyant airflow. The adverse temperature environment could significantly affect the condenser performance, particularly for those at the upper levels of the building The consequence is a degradation of the overall capacity and efficiency of the air-conditioners. Building professionals are in need of a practical simulation approach to assist in the decision making process during the early stage of the design work. A sensitivity test is quoted as an example, together with the discussions on the validity of the work.

ISSN:0003-8628    

DOI:10.1080/00038628.2000.9696896

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:2000

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

This paper seeks to define critical influences which are of practical use to New Zealand builders and that can lead to more resource efficient building construction, through the reduced generation of waste material. To explore these critical influences, surveys were carried out based on a survey conducted in a similar construction environment (Australia). Three construction groups were targeted for the survey—architects, quantity surveyors and sub-contractors. The resulting critical determining factors from the surveys are discussed, and conclusions drawn. The information gained will be fed into a variety of formal and informal waste minimisation plans and projects.

ISSN:0003-8628    

DOI:10.1080/00038628.2000.9696897

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:2000

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Architects frequently face problems in choosing the most appropriate solar orientation for a building due to the constraints imposed by urban grid patterns. Urban patterns are usually designed according to urban criteria that do not address issues such as orientation, building-cluster, solar access and loading. This problem causes thermal discomfort for building occupants in spaces oriented to west and east directions, resulting from radiant temperature, as well as higher use of cooling energy. The study focuses on the orientation, form (surface area) of the building and location and number of windows on the building elevations. An energy simulation program “ENERFACE” is used to analyze the selected buildings in Al-Ain City, UAE. The cooling energy utilized per m2and the total energies use as a result of different orientations were reported. Results show how the urban patterns could provide a better guide for architects to control the energy use in buildings. On the design level, the study concludes that the total annual energy use (kWh/fear) and the annual cost/m2could be minimized when the location of windows are kept only on two elevations of the building and the relative orientation of these elevations is 60° North-East. This reduction is about 55%.

ISSN:0003-8628    

DOI:10.1080/00038628.2000.9696898

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:2000

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The Sick Building Syndrome (SBS) is the occurrence of acute health and comfort systems linked to the occupancy of a building. To assess the prevalence of SBS in New Zealand office environments, 1200 office personnel were randomly selected from the 1995 Wellington and Auckland regions of the New Zealand General Electoral Role. A questionaire study was used to investigate work related symptoms. A response rate of 44.25% (506respondents) was achieved. The most common self-reported symptoms were lethargy/tiredness (50.3%), concentration difficulties (44.9%), headache (38%) and nasal irritation 03-9%). Female respondents reported higher number of work-related symptoms of all symptom categories. Location did not make a difference to symptoms reported. Work-related symptom prevalence was higher for clerical/secretarial roles than managerial roles. Respondents with a predisposition to asthma, hayfever and eczema reported increased symptoms in comparison to non-atopic respondents.

ISSN:0003-8628    

DOI:10.1080/00038628.2000.9696899

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:2000

数据来源: Taylor

ISSN:0003-8628    

DOI:10.1080/00038628.2000.9696900

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:2000

数据来源: Taylor

ISSN:0003-8628    

DOI:10.1080/00038628.2000.9696901

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:2000

数据来源: Taylor