摘要:

AbstractThe tropomyosins are a family of actin filament binding proteins. In multicellular animals, they exhibit extensive cell type specific isoform diversity. In this essay we discuss the genetic mechanisms by which this diversity is generated and its possible significance to cellular function.

ISSN:0265-9247    

DOI:10.1002/bies.950130902

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0265-9247    

DOI:10.1002/bies.950130903

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe many genetic complementation groups of DNA excision‐repair defective mammalian cells indicate the considerable complexity of the excision repair process. The cloning of several repair genes is taking the field a step closer to mechanistic studies of the actions and interactions of repair proteins. Early biochemical studies of mammalian DNA repairin vitroare now at hand. Repair synthesis in damaged DNA can be monitored by following the incorporation of radiolabelled nucleotides. Synthesis is carried out by mammalian cell extracts and is defective in extracts from cell lines derived from individuals with the excisionrepair disorder xeroderma pigmentosum. Biochemical complementation of the defective extracts can be used to purify repair proteins. Repair of damage caused by agents including ultraviolet irradiation, psoralens, and platinating compounds has been observed. Neutralising antibodies against the human single‐stranded DNA binding protein (HSSB) have demonstrated a requirement for this protein in DNA excision repair as well as in DNA replicat

ISSN:0265-9247    

DOI:10.1002/bies.950130904

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA number of roles have been ascribed to poly(ADP‐ribose) polymerase* including involvement in DNA repair, cell proliferation, differentiation and transformation. Cloning of the gene has allowed the development of molecular biological approaches to elucidate the structure and the function(s) of this highly conserved enzyme. This article will review the recent results obtained in this fiel

ISSN:0265-9247    

DOI:10.1002/bies.950130905

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractProtons are the most common coupling ions in bacterial energy conversions. However, while many organisms, such as the alkaliphilic Bacilli, employ H+‐bioenergetics for electron transport phosphorylation, they use Na+as the coupling ion for transport and flagellar movement. The Na+gradient required for these bioenergetic functions is established by the secondary Na+/H+antiporter. In contrast,Vibrio alginolyticusand methanogenic bacteria have primary pumps for both H+and Na+. They use the proton gradient for ATP synthesis while other, less energy‐consuming membrane reactions are powered by the Na+gradient. In a third mode, some anaerobic bacteria possess decarboxylases acting as primary Na+pumps. For instance, inKlebsiella pneumoniae, the Na+gradient established by oxaloacetate decarboxylase is used for the uptake of the growth substrate citrate, andPropionigenium modestumconsumes the energy of the Na+gradient formed by methylmalonyl‐CoA decarboxylase directly for ATP synt

ISSN:0265-9247    

DOI:10.1002/bies.950130906

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractCells express many proteins that bind to laminin, the major adhesive component of basement membranes. Some of these, specifically integrins, function as transmembrane receptors that ‘signal’ the presence of laminin on the cell surface to the cytoplasm. Lectins constitute a second class of laminin binding proteins that may augment integrin function by interacting with laminin carbohydrate. Caution must be used in ascribing functions to other laminin binding proteins, especially cytosolic prote

ISSN:0265-9247    

DOI:10.1002/bies.950130907

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0265-9247    

DOI:10.1002/bies.950130908

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0265-9247    

DOI:10.1002/bies.950130909

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0265-9247    

DOI:10.1002/bies.950130910

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0265-9247    

DOI:10.1002/bies.950130911

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY