摘要:

AbstractPrevious studies of the downslope movement of soil moisture have been largely confined to two‐dimensional slope profiles—the influence of contour curvature (three‐dimensional) on moisture movement has received little attention. An automatic tensiometer system has been used to monitor soil moisture status continuously in a single hollow and adjacent spurs. Maximum saturated hillslope flow is shown to coincide with the stream discharge ‘throughflow peak’. Relative to the hollow, little saturation is evident at the base of the spurs. This subcatchment model is applied to a major portion of the catchment, showing the general importance of topography in the control of stream

ISSN:0360-1269    

DOI:10.1002/esp.3290030402

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe nature of the flow in most natural streams is gradually varied rather than uniform. This is particularly true of streams with coarse gravel bed material organized into relatively stable riffle and pool features. In spite of this, there are few applications of the gradually varied flow models (e.g. the Bernoulli equation) to such streams. This paper presents some initial results of a simulation of flow patterns in two riffle‐pool reaches, using an open channel flow profile computation method based on an equation defining an energy balance between successive cross‐sections separated by an incremental dista

ISSN:0360-1269    

DOI:10.1002/esp.3290030403

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA study of karst depression enlargement through time on the Western Highland Rim (physiographic province), based on two sets of aerial photography (1937, 1972) and field work, indicates that areal growth rates (dA/dt, m2/a) depend upon the surficial geologic setting. Areal growth rates were calculated from rates of long axis (dL/dt) and mean width (dW/dt) enlargement assuming an elliptical plan shape. Areal growth rates averaged 40, 70, and 100 m2/century for loessial, clayey residual, and silty colluvial surficial material, respectively.Estimates of average apparent age of karst depressions in each of the three surficial materials, based on linear growth rates, varied from 25,000 to 65,000 years B.P. An occurrence of mastodon (Mammut americanum) and ground sloth (Megalonyx jeffersoni) from the Darks Mill depression as well as a pollen record from another depression dating from the Late Wisconsin glacial maximum in the same geomorphic setting yielded dates compatible with estimates of depression age.

ISSN:0360-1269    

DOI:10.1002/esp.3290030404

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractApplication of one‐dimensional Fourier analysis to the erosional morphology of intertidal beach at a number of contrasting sites in North Queensland, Australia, confirms that there exists a zonation of hollows. Although different combinations of processes may be responsible for the morphology of each zone it is suggested that increasing case hardening and joint development with associated intermittent exposure of the beach rock may be the greatest influence on the development of erosion hollow zonatio

ISSN:0360-1269    

DOI:10.1002/esp.3290030405

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractWischmeier's soil erodibility factor K calculated for 10 surface soils in the Hornos area, S. Spain, is compared with 3 aspects of aggregate stability. A significant correlation is found with the percentage of particles<100 μm after aggregate breakdown, which is used as a measure of the vulnerability of the soil to erosion by overland flow. No significant correlation exists with the number of water drops required to cause breakdown of the aggregates nor with the mean size of the shattered aggregates, both being aspects of the resistance of aggregates to splash erosion. Of the micromorphological and analytical soil properties explaining aggregate stability, only the clay and silt content and the number of closed voids are significantly correlated with the factor K. The aggregate stability of the investigated soils is mainly determined by soil properties inherited from the parent material; the stabilizing effect of pedological features is small

ISSN:0360-1269    

DOI:10.1002/esp.3290030406

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractOperation of a previously existing sampling network during the 1976 drought has provided an opportunity to assess the effects of the drought and subsequent autumn rainfall on the water quality characteristics of a small catchment (9·3 km3) in East Devon. The availability of records for past years has enabled these data to be compared with longer‐term response characteristics.Analysis indicates that the 1976 drought produced a unique solute response, with levels rising markedly during the autumn flush which resulted from the heavy rainfall following the drought period. Concentrations of several ions increased 3–4 times and NO3‐N levels exhibited even greater increases of up to 50‐fold. Some of the factors responsible for these increases and some implications are co

ISSN:0360-1269    

DOI:10.1002/esp.3290030407

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe conditions prior to and the site and results of a debris flow are described. Baseline data collected after this extreme event are outlined. Similarities between antecedent conditions of this flow and others reported in the literature are noted. From the field evidence comment is made on the mobile nature of the flow which may be analogous to spontaneous liquefaction in sands.

ISSN:0360-1269    

DOI:10.1002/esp.3290030408

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0360-1269    

DOI:10.1002/esp.3290030409

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0360-1269    

DOI:10.1002/esp.3290030410

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0360-1269    

DOI:10.1002/esp.3290030412

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY